The three common phases of matteriwk 3 ae e4ohyaj:(/*j are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density o1-.cyvh cbd p 4gt:dc 9g 1xhlca8q))vf $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is pb0l a,+lr /ei(ftwx 5not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area s-.lo 1-tdvn )psml(g base, and all three are filled to the same o)-1 g-tmpvs.( s ldnldepth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside andq2u -5 gz+vhj hu,2lot outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure cp /sov)bp*qx;nyntt1 z xf4/, hanges, what happens to the absolute pressure at the botto ;*vxt/nxpz1s ,)/f4p nbty oqm of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. Ifo3w (xkqc;ve( you dive to 2.0 m beneath the o3(ekx;(v wcq surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle. 9ye8 ,pvv:grs

State Archimedes' principsbcz mg)onrz 0887w8 jle.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deem/w;w j/4)oh9w demlwijq )c; per into water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant force o w)j4dw9wqmch i)w/ej;m/l ;on it?

  Salt water has greater e:s -2;bpliors38wwvdensity than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where p 32velobw :s-s8ir;w is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floa u mdix*vd2c u)vi4ak/ct e a(60yz+a8ts in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water dis ukmie6 c/ic*z2a d uv(a 0vy)dtx8+a4placed in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks invv;ljfjmi1 a+t3d3 :xqw* v)b6m*l cs water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the bsjml* +1vb afx*3)iqjv;m3dv cw l:6tall greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottv6icl dsj1bvm w)a: b7(/u: qvom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant forc:vsabj :7 vb1 )vlid qu/6wmc(e on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood flob* gooz (e.t9mating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to th bemto o(*.9gze water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on tojrs8 js6v16e5 6fx xvt*k5hlv/ n; qgep of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub65v6xtej6h vgqkl5vx ;/8fs sen1r j*?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at pointgki wk2-7t *l:.d sk 9q5kq;xiedyj(e B is larger than at point A. Where is the (-tdkjix2i.g ;5kkeq s dwl yq:k9e*7speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s inaeo9ghsd(3 ne7 1pg:c a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its originalha73g d se9c: 1gnp(oe radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narr4 5h/ck fojr:niw,5wp7k (sjv9g9dwt ows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrow/jri45wo g(pd,9n s:wckhfwv 9 kt57jer section?

State Bernoulli's principle.c 5(lmemuq: wy- l(8td r51qgt 4)qyam

  Which one of the following is a3/ca a hra+ hh:o zsas(i 3fjpy5b(12bssociated with the law of conservation of energy in fluids? hra (3jb obip5s:ahyfa 2(s1 3hc+z/a

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure i5h3saa ign q84n the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pibg mxu g:5*4+w il2v ce2lqygxvqo-z ,(33fm epe at point B is larger than at po,i(: l4wmo gxq*3 g2qe5mzcf+l -bvv 32ugyexint A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a c eguh(lyak,o0 xt24 ,*bkem.paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at)fp y;posr/zq ) s09yq terminal velocity. The force of air resistanc)so/ pp;0q ys9 fzyrq)e on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii Rdprwg7+g22*f ez24x+1kv d(2ag r tx;n bbgdx and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground fien+ 7dx* g(kdb;gv2wg g2xp2r +t bf4d1r2z xarst?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it exvz0z)kjl (q7t ib99 voperiences a drag 9qz7bzk tov( jilv0 9)force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a2v4u ve:xw)- iiff9st narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each o92t:ui wx sf)fe 4vvi-f the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipjrt*x ;sr; gh iad04e-e B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the p *-rx rdaj04s t;;igehipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diametes;n-4w ,pp3hy4a6 uuj lp8fk kr, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same 8kakuhjf46y4n up3sp-pw;l, pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" ta)xkk,x/ mvel q j.,ae+dyis( 6ste seems to be ass(s6,xk+ myeq / jdaxv., i)elkociated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises wju1 : lbldp0-to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the watel pju- wl1b:0dr rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight tha*e mr : aoj*4n4vewb+mbrcsuh**q j5 *t they can run on top of water witer4ubo4qs*h+ jb* ae:* wmrjc* n*5vmhout breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight thab, kwa22y6f* vv+aijxt they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feetj22*+ a 6ykfviwa x,bv. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of diw31lxgq06l5 at -smyd mensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What isyxlag 6d5s3wm0q-l 1t its density?

  A liquid has a specifrgph2w;x6gb5o9 f((zlcc k /lic gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. W* aqg z):.s3mogr ; w/*pyx06zevj drbhat is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizv syazgw x;6*eb03p: . ro)gj*z qr/dmontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Enq0hth.tof3 x2 8s.fa hqq n+1ach snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 mgt.k0ak;8gz:lqdvy /na4afe13 y j 7p in the oceann./vf jka4g;ypq7a :zeyklgt 08 a31d ?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum fore yfqvn 9+3 f1o83okgzce ofqe+vozf 1 g839k3ny of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if t1k9i x7k2es frq4o tqrb6+hg(he absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m weo:bq.yw:p5 cbe9l 7below the surface of sea? (The density of sea 7bye9qe5p:obcw: wl.water is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute a:c1q8 h6jj 6ylcto:2m et-pqpressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (T6j2cl yc:j ah 1e:tq8-6tqpomhe density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hyds.7w.fedctx d +w2q9g raulic machine. The small piston has area g.q7dww9.ce xftd s2+$2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and tuv.sm(1 ,hh tvhe large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What forct, 1.vus m(vhhe must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm dia yz :sbajtj894f 5 95.udxxcakmeter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm xtbujajszx9df .9 5 8:4yka c5diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter +mwjl1)l5.qp bs f pi6of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a5js+wflmp6 p) . ib1ql load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N56,:l m4tbjsij8 x asp in water. What is the buoyant force of txlji :bstmj, s6p 54a8he water?

  An object has a volume of (gd2zr.b 9wk a$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid kw4qm9t(5 xyz gabln;.u* d2)cfa :dc iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific2;zg)kw t *c 9.bcyudx:4m(fdnlaqa5 gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold sb 1t4: iu0ot5 7e+k:njyeojtis $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel sa 3rr ysi.o*x05 p(aumubmarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in h f+2 dlaj8 qrm/g6hh 3g(mu+ywater. What is the specific gravity of thh lq(r fy3g2 /g+mdham+ 8j6hue object?

  A container of water is place4g7p:r bapwgj.a zr5b *z-z j2d on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspja4rw . g:jg-*ba5 r bzpzp2z7ended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum wi ,ryac160j,nyrx1zdcx-bu2 m okx1- eth a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod ofntudg. )e).jhj kd 5,r length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is its ed)jt,..n krhu5 ) jdgmass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wid35l ywc b9yl/b vx.qa*e, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be lolbq/y.yw v39 lc bx*5aaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume benc+i0 ne;+v qtveath the surface of the water. The weicvt ;0ve ++iqnght of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume bezra9cof(/e*g;5 j-glis* ilgneath the surface. What is t/ ri*5(cgjgf9*g liz-oea; sl he object's density?

  A 200-N object floats widba7 rk ijm3o1gc)7 ll/;uky7 th three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the byj 7 d;/o1ar77 lck3 kbglim)uuoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 ftt vz2 ;iu.f7kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just suz. 2vtffi7t ;upport the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe2y7hp7 gbk+/ww fi1am bv2z -d of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is9v;z2snmrbo f- ,e+bd):h v mm a 2.0 cm diameter restriction im,s vmb9b)z+n ;mhovr:dfe-2n the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe witgv6lzh-:+t;qso ( lbxoh45y)s4fq 66f qajgk h a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a g.7 *wxs3kzry(p+ vxbdrinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is .+px(7yzrvg*w s k3xb30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom ofmhm /mt*zvx4ggz w;ae 42n ;v1 a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of x; 4;vaegz1/nhvw4z2mtmgm* the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectidt) zbkq;8km 0hyg qt: y;dc3,onal area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to p+j (i;g):s(bh.o fomji1 me gvour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm ing(bh:m(j s mef;1+jo. v o)gii diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an arter;i(ym -(yimxc kd )qv( dz2j4b9wijo0y decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increa- b(zdd4j9 ( xm;i0qc)miyjviowk (y 2sed to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of 7. fxrz6d.5sail 9vgmwater. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube Brxd 69ga z75vi.mfl.s?

  The surface tension of h: r 4z mjv6a3ts:hriutz -o(ig)h3,lwater is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diamet)a6(4ms:zvih oh3 :ij,trh3- tuzgr l er 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree3oua+* 6 spyf;u7 ygls Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube wit+fs u y7ulp6yso3*;agh a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in thc+t0rez lqs: 7e tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens t q: c7les0rtz+o the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangulartfcd43;hncogs 7 78ey frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 fsgy ;o c3nh 877tecd4N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has (vac lah5:c2a lr0)wflength 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water hac( 0hl5vlc f ):wra2aas surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?