The three common phases of mattermrix:qc ac7x/h*sfr28a jfi f2r7.6s are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densitc( zi10w-5u qmuliuc ;y of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pr)/1qmu /mmz94 -o+h /xv4f ixbwogf-qsoe ;lwessure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. k1kf8k rt7+erAll three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is1rf7+kkkre 8 t wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside dc ugr1 umrzq/8-*; gra tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pre-2)i5dnldwn u1 5 nrmqssure at the bottom of a pooli5uqd)n l wn1 5mndr2-?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath bad rccq 1 (c6un9cbc1,js97gthe surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressc crg9cbqbc s6un197cd,a( 1j ure on you?

State Pascal's principleazhf:0c;mtkhyd4a )iwd 8f0 :.

State Archimedes' principleo2m:*w/ .zaw/zx.u5 rhqtndt.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into wagxd:5iw6 tvk 1ter of constant density, what happens to xvg6iwt d 51k:the buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. +jmm1oep i76z A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on em+7ip zoj61mthe boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh waterpz4g 0j07zg iin ,z7wv. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in tin,wi7p0z7gv4 g0zz jhe salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water butxk+9evv+no5oray,)r -ln n/c floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant rn-+c)aklo 9 5nveo xn, /vy+rforce on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-exbj7dn7d293 d4iojh kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force oi j9n7o dhj4x23bed7dn it?

  A piece of iron rests 7fvoyig1)g (rq7f0*9cey ) hvupvph-on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the t*7( y)v) hoyvp ih91g7pfv0eruqcf- gub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second pieyc(dx ;j r6y/l:-xma) rv- i1kjnzeb-ce of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and y)l:nb zk(6 rrmjj1 d-ic ax--y/vx; eplaced in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter o4r4 ih6km+ xe(qq y rn/*nkfm,f the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Whef,kqqem*+6 4r ym/4nr hki(n xre is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If:5pja8vvbi rr ag46 ,y the pipe widens to twice r yavr4i6b: agj5v8p,its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a hornanuqnffa5a 2)*;bw .izontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is )an.5;na qa n*b u2wffthe flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prif r- 5eoe4l2zjnciple.

  Which one of the folloejie*4 *tz-ux r8wk: p+w/wgzwing is associated with the law of conservation of energy in fx e+w kwt:z/8g*uz-4ir pjw *eluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure i9wt,hos* ;poj n the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is lak(f)nal+nt94w i cu (urger than at point A. Where is the)ntuic9 + k(l4w u(naf water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper h wuw,n/ p3bwm4wa5rkbg5m86 strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminbfc v-854s tjoal velocity. The force of air resistance on 4 vftjso5 -8bchim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall /kszor4hpt 16q 76-xr7xuttftower. Which will reach -/ttto kh6 r67rx47xsfqz p1uthe ground first?

  When a small sphericaz7i3idd6e5+:t g,bfk)z xd -u lqilp/l rock of radius r falls through water, it experiences a dr-dzzi3/7u:pqf e , lbd) l5ditk6ig+xag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fl4n:jmt y h3giu a.fj): oy03w;wp3 brhuid through a narrow pipe? That 4:fm 3g:yrt0ujh;3wy nwoa. hi3b)pjis, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter jtrxvky j4,:;of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressjtvkj4:yxr ; ,ure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes hahrrg4 hgbs-: 6j:-y8pqnqed 5ve the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate ingy-rh 8-:s pqn:r bqhe64 d5gj pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, i irmwmn360.skf0sxu ;t often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading m.6n0fsw; r3 usmikx0 out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a heigh1kjn+;ca b6q.c7j/n)kdd ica t h. If the diameter were half as gr+cdbad6i nqn/).cj1 kk a j7;ceat, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water2n1/gqb f 2ijq bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weig2/ gfqjbqn i21ht W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that thds2u7 fnltemuj3hiak96 z/ qe 13w62z ey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the fe7kwhiz9e6s63f/d t ua12qljnm3ez 2uet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of0-rj c) kb4cjp 30.0 g. Whab04-)rc cjjkp t is its density?

  A liquid has a speci sfiiqe yf ,zdxg8zkbi898*80fic gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What isqz;2s(meehq : or.jv7vk: vl7 the ma( vr qe77;2j.s:ov: elvhkmqz ximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshow 2d py,vnu(l-9;ge exbp ,r/pes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) m1 ogde/d . o/ly:ckmjd.a /hj5ust a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the a/dyej. /. dgmo1 kd:l/j5 hococean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximh l + / ji.d;)vcn)ky9mb9y czcv9j)gtum force of )g;c9 .mil+ n9tkcy)z dcjvy)vj /bh9 $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute presk5o wa)n, zx4i*w5t a3 4xiclqsure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of s20nt80zg 7 op/z syp70bvwhdiea? (The density o w 70bsn dzv20pzyio/08pg7th f seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute presrljxqbo siso1:0f 49l;gx3x3 sure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater is g0 3 xjool3qs9b4i1 slfxr:;x $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the :1f xx1-shj-vgq79fnstzup .small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has area q h7gvjxn-1uf:9zft1s.p-sx $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a raphm2hk ;r9j ,ddius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied2d,;p kh9m hjr on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be l p,1mcobs9cu1ifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish ucspm911,obc this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cmo cqeh* 9hl32b, and its large piston has a diqe c9h2o b*h3lameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyaq*1 u l4kssz,+ k 3vbzx50rwq,qui q;tnt force of thwu lzt;rqv 1x 4 qzq 3*sk5u,,skqi0b+e water?

  An object has a volume of j:h pb7ynkls 9t02rzgsh+ y40$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a stringyk2hwd)6f nl: while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (ln6 2y d):hwfkThe specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gos44pryyd38ojy) rwdbl04 kk k9 *k2awld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine wp )n*n7uqyl )4,o luw(density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in f1in. lbjiv y-o*q3o9vc3 mr(rl.rg4water. What is the specific gravity of the objec9gc 3(iol r- .rro4m*fqjvbvy1n3.li t?

  A container of water is placed on a scale/lmvgp*-vswkrzso/b 3 6;u6z/t qjs), and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copp)l3-p rvss/z m/6wv/6sug *k;q ozbjter (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a1)* k 6qrws1nyhl*dih mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 a9nx ug h7ei-n omtt. r9r*1(xcm will just barely float in water. n u 9x1rttx*r (e9h7a nogm-i. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligiblzn1zp9 y bpv.8h e,sw4e mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded ontosyb94,8 .pepz1 zvhwn the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half ig-v4j +xw/b d:s o+frtopt7w3 wl q4:jts volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is qflx s744r d-b j+wv/ wg:jp+ owt3ot:2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floatsl ;d6v/doxs6d in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the object's dendvsd x; o6ld6/sity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of itsj (souspxdk z8 2 csq18zd()0h volume beneath the surface of the water. What is(p2xs s0 hz qku1)8 8zcj(sodd the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is t:trn 3y**8yez du wrp7he minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03 p y3runzrtd*8 *7w:ye? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm a0*7.m is/ut uo5bcd bkt 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is mwfzvv*4 , 5o4qv8u mko2bmx6a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this8omm ko4z uv mfbq6v4v* ,25xw restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressure offl 5 cwkqtw3(+ $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking foung)o: xkpn3;rsk v5mohb3;gt 1tain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the phvb;5r 3o)1gg3x kt; :sonm pkump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occupbnsv.7a jb((j2i3e rrs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate w br.7n3(2a(pi jsejbv ill water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of croxh z:je;74h jh8bjmj +x4im6oss-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How lon 8wip7 .s qul)3hcpov;g would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm longqvh38u;.wpl i7 csp)o and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreasorlpb::7 ff/p)9 wn, jup:ha7n xdhg/ed the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided h,/pfj7awbo 7upf9:r h/nldn: xpg): by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twbxa e+ww1a0a9 a8c q/ ld88qscice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise inq1 a/wb0d+cexw aqs9 acl8 88a tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.0/7mz4e8gg*glr ;pc6 bgwhc6 f 73 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 mm? rc;*z8 p/ m4l7eggwg6bgfch6

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glas 08ydm2+rsgnsyfj( :scy x4p5s capillary tube with(:y+ rsysspj2 48mgnfxyc0d5 a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the wate3s fzou t d9 5vse:tj36e1tnm5r rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in tu 3sz6tefon3d9s:tj t5ve1 5 mhe liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.6q f 5(b4jg7hlo00 m with a soap film formejqhfb5 4l7g(o d within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 c m ml i38*jxk7o3u. t7ngpsf(fm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water f i g(lskn 33jxp ftmu877mo.*has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?