The three common phas;sd,wtyzx1(f 7h r6*er iezh6es of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densityka g, 8gvj,uskbyvd6 ;dh xo,9oy-.2m of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the followiyr:c ivaejm(u 3 bxmq qx3n43 ;9-ht8fng is not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same l+ oktmi-vhrta-l6 i43;c+ia area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water itco aim-i+lt+rha46- 3kl;vthan A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures insida.z lmb2hy l;/oyr3+ixr29 q fe and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, whafd s/i(;ok q6,wcku-pfw5m 4dt happens to the absolute pressure at the bottowoq,(-sufkdcf 64 ;mk5idp/wm of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a 9p3rwc f: eu0k 9kl;wepool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens tw rfe 0:9k9ekcpwlu3;o the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principhpu/iy.) f* m3 e5nz4k6ihlchle.

State Archimedes' principlao,xe5(k,u03pkz 15rgreksk e.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happens k:w:,nv-o) qhgih21(k d4 o(-kze hvl j -tmrqto the buoyant force(:(jk qhe1qo24nzvg-m -:hthk , l -)idrovwk on it?

  Salt water has greater densit.cew-.p9tpam y than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on thee9mpaptw .c-. boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A shal(enbk4 y6 l+ip floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of watlel 6bk 4na+y(er displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoya 3q0mb sxw:1vcyhy j.kno2hy:7e/)q l nt force on the ball greyex3/.yn21jy k wq:sh b)7m ho0cvq:later?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at :7a:j2r foazn8 hzb,ye m/mt5the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lenem8r,ba2j fz5o h :z:t/7yam ad. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a ttuz 6lt4 uegz*b : 90moi-sglx:r6g) bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to th0 9 -)*etlzgl u us ot64im:ggbtz6:rxe water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A se6:chhl x e0pr+cond piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and :6pclhh0+ erx does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter ovjp ob5 *hg5lf 8qt.-af the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the sphg*j.a8 5f5p-q blotveed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice(owmyj: s.t7d its original radius,jms(d. toy7:w what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal piv fx6d.1 /nm7 cc7 r)dz*exjecpe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed x7e1 rc7df*6cv)/.xd cn emjzin the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prizq/imdh0yt,fg md54 5nciple.

  Which one of the following is ass916mc5 , t2njre jqi7s qko3nuociated with the law of conservation of energy i2jn ej6,1s9k qr7omqti 3cu5nn fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in vxh:pm+ z yf-tzs/)i)ney19 ;v c nh)athe fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe atr yma rwu4y/bkd,w1g3 yhn/18 point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure great d,yr wukhb ywngam4r8311y //est?

  When you blow some air a86mmp , qx x.w :0*ltdngbo/w;q1sir jqbe x76bove a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocit-g7z ;bbg+6ps m5y y) q/te8svbwy-ts y. The force of air resistance on h-b5;) svy/sm8ywg7be q t-p 6bg+yt zsim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released 3ca2mz, 5lbifsimultaneously from a tall tower. Which wicm 3f5l,aib2z ll reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r f7 **pmxzwvz p0alls through water, it experiences a drag fopp w*0z*vm 7xzrce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effeh7i5t+48 bgde aixh)w ct on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 17it+he4 a)5 b gd8xwhi0% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are thondo w/h;4b hay7y8f 3e same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is tn/oy 7h byd4wa3 ofh8;he flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long:m/jm6 hcrpr u1he6qhx4 7n6q as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If tnhrqh pum hjq6:6 6rc4x1me7/he flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" yd.sga ig*,/a taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instg/.i,yg*adas ead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water riz4 9r1lwn 8qhgeze8( gses to a height h. If the diameter were half as grenz8 qg4gh81wlze9( erat, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug8gc)zp yvqe.,t d3l b-, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. The)8 c3dt lqv-ygzp,b .at is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that.zx5g /wojo x/*4for f they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward 5 /.r gfzxoow4x */jfoforce on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.x djvai)us-,+ xdx *+h00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its +x)+xadv*hu,x -disj density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. Whayrzg5.qa-uqvs(n- eh76c 6*sef7qv q t is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and mlr592hd *qu;37oxsp v: ppj(r5za epmeasures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on (av:5lpprom*zpqr e2s j;75u 3dhx9pa horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoeh1a0-f m4isq)t e1vp9vog*e u has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) muafup(pz(sj 9: st a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in app:(zsuj( f9the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a m)x1jq6g8 .d5govzs wkaximum force of jx g6s1d .ok8v z5wq)g$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute preqy hc5 7t2exylj(8z5e ssure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressm ( o +xxk5kznw/e3(x/:pnl uiure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of se3 n5/ en(k+/lx( kx:zimxwupo awater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m 7/kkdiyq j l*+tb ynu3ti/fm nh(b./7below the surface of sea? (The density of seawkk yi7n3l nbhbtqu(tid///7 jm*yf +.ater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a r;v 0yvhe4 4yshydraulic machine. The small piston has area r 4;e0vvs 4hyy$2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift;4zvt-gkz 9cy , the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large pisto4c9tz-y ; kzvgn has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is tokacp7 67w+: laq zj)ba be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needsz:k+j)c6baawpa7 l q7 to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.c1riztfo/xpdmd1 w + 3q0 79zz0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 4ido3m+w91rqz /z0z x7pdftc 10 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40zj 1flzdd5q 43 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the wzdlz3 5j4d1fqater?

  An object has a volume af9nj zrco:5g9 gn+i-of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supportslz4 bfdm :8/ced by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension i :zbmcd f8/l4sn the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold i; jc2m;:3ss vd z67lriku sfs6s $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densix;k-j9tf8tgxyy1 db b g6-r6l ty = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N wh y2chddw1;mvcda;+:d en it is immersed in water. What is the specificd; d2mv+hd: cc; w1dya gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale jwz/s3a y:b.n, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the:ys.w 3jnb/a z water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg anyine1x/o s3e -d density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely fl9(l m jzo46ebimze3,goat in water. What is its mass?,zi b(g 63mle o4emzj9

  A rectangular box of negligible mas+ixw5 0 eqp/kq3ui j8as measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto a3jeqq ku w0px8i/ i+5the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half itsd0pq:rc: t; bi volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced 0drci:tbq: p; water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneatlvz:ry.bs5qic * 4sc:h the surface. What i4rs yscvlq:b*z5 .ci:s the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its vzx k /+(dfnkiy9arh9:olume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the 9rnd/+:fkkh y a zi(x9object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thz3 x ls(1a6laxick. What is the minimum area of th3alxl(az1 s6 xe floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow(e7 i6xu qxsp/ rate.

  Liquid flows through oatgd.ofj378 0gj te: a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. tto8j:jf o3da0ge. g7What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe withfz y:4jiwt) ;f a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for , b-h- dmh5snsa pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, ih hm5bs ns-,-df the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank t7wn du1yhn 0g49ihn+c hat holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water fl9g1iu0+cwn n y4nh7hd ow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of crmco0 djsqeyfcx/7 :w 8w84;vxoss-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long wokffjz ;d*bzogz4sr -t t:/-yh5e9 f6quld it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neze5 s9ffdtz:/r -o 6zt*hqg;- fbkyj4ck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the buil;i.v,apeiea3vo )yy , d-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to mae, v.yivyaie ;, opa)3intain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a xmx/d4 pilg7nuu lx98q9/bg * pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tub8*bn g9 qg/mlidxpuu7/ x4xl9 e B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m.oo0.k0-hl(s/ 4vehyfxz v9 k g How high will water rise in a capilla(sev9g yh zkvo04h0 ox.fk l-/ry tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

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  To what height would waternx oeow1bm 2g6fbw4gra g1+*7 at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter of74gxmog*befr62awgn o1+ b w 1
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed2fjbw wk5ll0 )nu(.bz vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tensi)nlw5(wjf2 u bkbzl0. on in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 4qbd52ld q4i n 1kj3wsm and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its coq5d3 s 2d4j 1nwiqkb4lnfined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and isedy ufo2bl6si9-t) c4 built in such a way that one of the e s dc-fo6b 4)uytli29longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?