The three common phases1 w2gr:d:x6 spd u7ij6nj -mc lpyn,+js3)bc g of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density l )ymu4-xqb+u,dzc *wof $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of presmh*1-ry z)bp2p3mzr2 u 0 rfvfsure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All tly3 c;(x5e9gtx b5zgzhree have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds les x5 ;xl9tcz(g zeb3g5ys water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside 3rz1 go2g7vw oa tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure cli9sp 6 jdq/ dnhs91(xlke.h;hanges, what happens to the absolute pressure at the boqhikd 9dh/nl 6.sls pe(; j91xttom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool.)v63yizx1 k3dm kufu+5( gi oc If you dive to 2.0 m beneath thefg1z 3oy6v3(5 +dik cukm)u xi surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princi+6u 7k/ 4ye.n-vc; onfhu ozjiple.

State Archimedes' pr k/ged )cvvajzfo8 *5(3:d kwzinciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of g.wpds 9 ;t(xuconstant density, what happens to the g;tw(pxd su9 .buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater densitn k .mh 8gj*09f(lyttky than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater onm j( 9t8kt0h*knf .lgy the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in b ogwhxxhwjaj;5 +4 gv gw,ck)-o q,2q:oth fresh water and salt water. Compared t)xwa5g g2,gk jvwwh jqo+,;:c 4- qxhoo the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water b3hbas;gy*7m,h 0 -tl4du.e d)ixvj0ty q1qai ut floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball grea a*vy h0-mu34qd7e;.bdlia x t0,qghi j1sy)tter?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom ofl tq0xg(sl ,x; a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which h (0qlxgxsl ;,tas the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If m z+k*i.,:*oy e fke( .sszvputhe iron is removed from the wooz.e+p,*f sveyz s(kk iuo.m*: d, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sit /8kpycd-:dbds on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, whdk8d-:bpcy/ dat happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diam k8lw5u dd+ 4,bhack.feter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point k+4ud5.c fb wl8hdak ,A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to tb*w/a*m fc8jnwice its oria *8fmjncb* w/ginal radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pu6t ( v(h xup/fr(b r)sman4f7ipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flou r(rb/fv4pnhf(au(7) mts6xw speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principhov7ax4wo; kffdn q2.+0 v :iyle.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of energyq lidh.4l1-/ud /0sniuuopy o54o 9ft in9iuu44 d0o-1lhoup /no/dtylq i5s.f fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the prj9t;z0 ke(qq,vzz 22t oavijq r5**kdessure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe.g,cr hks723un8 w0l dke*ee0a The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greate0nck0*2 rk eulg8 as,7we3e hdst?

  When you blow some air above a papev 47 xro2zsrz5r strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air r4u;q wpci4-fd esist4 ; pwc-i4qudfance on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R,+jpy4 gzn1e4yreq7rgv tx8 ;3 are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach p4yg3r7 +vy48rxzen1 te ;qgj the ground first?

  When a small spherical rockwy/p3qjq dk.rh/ 42nu of radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag q4qh3r u/ ykjn2pd/.w force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of cn;t d-tnbgle0hb.( ;fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in eatgc(h;-0t ld;enn b b.ch of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, b) tcc u/hcbc0s.nf* j mt23z ke0kf(u0ut pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow*nkk eu.3u)sc tcc(b0j/ztf 2 0h f0cm rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipc)z*0b/tx3 )gniww4 ear x 7boe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pxb0 on4tw7* be)3i wag)/xzrc ipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes89czg (-sfo gjj8.ukm greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the ko- jf8uc.mg9s8g z(j soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diamee zt/k-hko-2/y e 2ikdter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter werz-edkte2 hky k2i/o/-e half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight thaj1c9i-io ffp9yba 75 it they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Wate iocy5a-9pfi97bjf 1 ir bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that t80 sm8f-;uy * x xia:mnbsitz0hey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feemia :zt-bmn s u0sy;808i*fxxt of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions ko/, 78nvdc sq2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its density?,o 8vk/7c nqsd

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What isz,r 8hx3eo2rwl q6di9 its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 3q 2t 8cavgzg i wya*kt2/ 6z9o-6zc9jd0.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a tdtz/y6*a8z2 akw 9 v i oqgz6gc9-j2chorizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on sn t(j hyg 62y( adlz0:)mzjpju9owshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must 3 fuy,1pqebc8toi.d6 a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the oceobcft8,.6u3 eq y1p dian?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum fo4nkjz j*3 -lg4pakqr .jy d ut+.(ivj:rce of d i*p +vtjgq -kj3z (k4la. :u.4njrjy$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute presy) mvim70ny n2sure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (Th ,kmj9rpsr*hpg 08 a6ne density of seawate*n s0mga8krr pj, p9h6r is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the 7gpe(di9gfkp;k g; 4t surface of sea? (The density of seaw k;k(d i;g4 ptp9gef7gater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulict3ol +;-rqspwwcd+n0uk eu+- machine. The small piston has +uc s-+t0 dw+rnquolw pe3;-karea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 wh2v1/mjbh 2lx- p-u ecm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston pb-l uemxw 1-j2h /v2hin order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 1yji6enx9jx - c/ v /bkwpe,0-*ms qofcm diameter hydraulic piston. What forpmb jiesn6y0-/ ekvx 1fjwco9-*,x/q ce needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its bck4 (jcd-oqr2*;p jf large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a lq2c cb*k;(o pjrjd4f-oad of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What -/n6fap kn(j o,o(zsb3p8 rivis the buoyant force of the water?v6(nofo n/, (3kz-ji brpaps8

  An object has a volume ofn f*vvo75f/z -+magc j $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder o1k+fvbm4g2pm sl v p) g7au,(if solid iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tensiplimbv , m1p(4k )f7+sgg2uva on in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold w*n k8ccm4n ml+(*syais $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine - l,bh*) o+;esdd pvwq(density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 r)rr.xwl /sjh-p-w/a N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. Wharap h- r.rjx/)/ wls-wt is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now uq3 s,l 8hx hs)x+by*za 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from assl8 zq*+, ux hx)3yhb thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and dpa 2gv h7)eg:kensity of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 c(i:,l wwcf5ll krddou( p+uvfe +4:m 7m will just barely float in water. What is+ uw ifd k4:vmf7:r pl+(o(de5luc,wl its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligiblmyt p gf)2e 7;8zywf8te mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. H)mtf z2ytg78weyfp;8ow many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath t:oki)btl,8 x(v acus/8 -t tdghe surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is sxcu :8a8di-gv) kt(lob ,/ tt2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in 0c4j6kll oo wf va-h4w(hh,-hwater with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is th j4l( -ao h hwv6wf-colk04h,he object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourm*b4 tb6 7vxzr2k8 oksths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the4*s k bmtvo86k72rxzb buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 20p eyt+b/6l/ukg 6si;xkui 6h4a3h-x q0 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the beart - k;6ib3xhu64kgp/qey s6 +ul/ix ah in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow raf pjsd914,igx 1 qmfa5te.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pid 1l:bg1r27 mh h+br e0hhfw0ipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restrictioi11eb+ m :bwlh0r2fh 7hhdg0r n in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a py+oc4w k c.c*zxh;xq+ressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain withnv,m pz**m/gd.fz-n d 300 kPa, nf., *- npmdzmg*vz/ dif the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that un0 (em6/x;kh d9lnnoyk/5 ex holds water at a depth ne9k(m;h de/nyn6o0xx /5kul of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through 04l4plw h*iyr t)8x noi7u o,ga horizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viq 9q0k21da ) o9ngodojscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm abkgo 92dq qad oj19no0)ove the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an arters b od gx(1::svl,+zmly decreased the radius by 10%. By h1(oxb:z ll s,gdm s:v+ow much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of 4/ ryl6hh sp6r*kqx.kr(ygs6 water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. s6pr.k(4g k*/l6 hsy6 yrh qxrIf water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How highgznu3b j*vb, viml6,, will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 zvjmunb 6,, g3li* v,bmm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillara (8megbb3ehz1fk( v9y tube with (b ( 1va8hkgebmef 93za diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in thekc v+ 3tr;tb1i tube to 4.0 cm above the l3+b1ivk rt ;tcevel of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of lengthm9hk*5patxw;a(y i + y go( s1)/pnxyw 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on t1iy (a mpona+x(hw t5gps)y9 k*;/wx yhe 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built)jc6slrt )tr * in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap ) t r6)srjtc*lfilm contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?