The three common phases of matter a6ibdec x04 nl;re

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of qio9j+xk c/9m$3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of presznhcl w lu(e +*tl0,u7sure?

  Consider three drinking glaizvd.yw(vf/ fu-s +d 9sses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower a-dvw( f+vy/f.izdsu9t the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire cy k 60xg)9bbwhalled?

  When atmospheric pressure cha 0,oy(xvr,6 xgr3r3my /evwvpnges, what happens to the absolute pressure at the v ov/,3xp0ewv3m6,grr( y xy rbottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m g(lxrbs uoz 4),ga 0ldhf;m99iq);hm beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the abso)huh;b9z ls;)gx i9oad (mfml,40qrg lute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princip5/ n2-mmdpiapoe6k q0le.

State Archimedes' pr jp (c/d1 fosdm21)e *tltdz2cinciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper intfyt a5 6(y5pa6yw/zeio water of constant density, what happens to the b(zfpy w 565ayt6i/yea uoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fr)wwwj.g lbin,-y k59eesh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force grywwb w-.jilnk 9g, 5)eeater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in-ealmnonz4o g8()51vwir v/ h both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water di4/nh)oel w a- v(ivnrm81gzo5 splaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyaog :wjyj3 .4tu.s7jkent forj3ujk y 4go.w:t. sej7ce on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at thw7fvxab8b8.*ti 3xcr e bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on7tix xa3 brf.cwb8v*8 it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece ofzxd zlvo+ m0min3ebxd,m:8 jz*k6v,:u z z4w + wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is rz,ln:z bxd,oed0x 8 :mzjzkz+ mmiu43v*w6 +vemoved from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wuce/wjo3q, v ;pqrsv:ab3s-4ood sits on top of the first piece, and does notpsv w/a4,reso ;: -q cvq3b3uj touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diq5j m qka iuowyw .452)1umc2gameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of2u5a jk )4 w2wgu y5ciqqo1.mm the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If theait mucf9 pw x50wnrl366 1z*r pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wl6 6 ia3wwtuzr9 cm*105xnfrpider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If +.y:zew sc*gj the pipe narrows to half its original rads*z:ge.ywj +cius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prig5yuc7p u b5uiy0 o ;.qom7y+knciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the lazf8ce p s45)ox6zmj1 xf)g(r yw of conservation of energy in flmy sj p grezx48f65)c(x1 z)fouids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, tjq 55 :h;mo vfn 5wldi9(9xc:qh-hzqjhe pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is l1:nag.zal tk ml-6 m*earger than at.6 lmlat:*-knameg1z point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. Thia;jlu .ps: 5rt9 1qfxfs is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The fow v)2oqwtfj+2rce of air resistance on qvfowjwt+)22him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are re f8msw630jg cwleased simultaneously from a tall tower. Which willmfws 0w83g 6cj reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of rb; vi1bz)huy6 3b rajjg3nz9;adius r falls through water, it experiences a drag foj;bjab9 nu hg;r)6zvibzy33 1rce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid throughgo 0 *da0hb ta7;nz7qq a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, whida* bagn;7h7qzq0 t0och would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B io9/f 0qqd9 nqhas twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes.0 / od9nfiqqq9 If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipessom// 6dbyqd 0 have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow radq6do0b s my//te in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes v ox1qw qt0mud) wx.v**7c8bse8)ooogreasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over ubqm )x1.t8q oseo7 x *0vdv)wow*o8 cthe surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is pl ccm*4hzsk9 1jaced in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as g 1 zm*9jck4shcreat, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are suci: f4fy 0imi)uy hh8.fficiently lightweight that they can run on top hf8uiic )imy y. 0hf:4of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are suf/a5lmb .ezha/icfh0 +ficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suph ba+lz.fh 0m/5 eic/apose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of di1f3wqs.smgnlo 9 1 dos1vk32ymensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its densit3y s2m19lvko.n1f 1o3wssd gqy?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.35 3gi b g:l27infxc z12yxdfx)gv+n0f57. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm xgqc;tg t (7 8+6y0cw +tvfi,hn va1pbp 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum p7bfpng cyg6+; 1vtt8 c wqiv0a,h+(tpressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area qthr 22p :jz-e$2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth9dt+ zh+ggq 4lz hc6f1dry+.besgm5 4 of 120.0 m in tsy+mg4 dzq +f l.6hr9cg5d +zb41t gehhe ocean?

  A circular window of / / --*k4k6go dilejfh(tdfls30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force k-ij *gthko4/l 6 (/fedfsd- lof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressur7bod9qx 5 tgz9e is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pru mgi*o h512l2v5 bcv5my6zcaessure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The densz u5v6mg2vhc5c lo15im*bay2 ity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.s;h4.--c x xqgoja*xm0 m below the surface of sea? (The dsgx*x.acj;o- 4mx- hqensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a h3 oqwsz2s (+w/cwqgyf m w2x*y;6g:j yydraulic machine. The small piston has arewfzw/gq; +yjy2cy3 6g: w *2xmqo(sws a $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius *pink)en 2h l2of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the smallihk)n2*n 2 epl piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to beoj:wi psn0 u2/9pfk9s lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accompljnu pp:s0o/k w9 29ifsish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm,q y ; z12jonphx+h:1p1 *vj-qg peei7d and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The pg1h;x1 1:qe-pqhjyi *7z p je2dvn +olift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is312nh95nxfzswo ia 6r the buoyant force of 1 in sw659r2 znfxhao3the water?

  An object has a volume/jtj g2wlzb;k9 la .+vu p23ow of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid ihc64;y:yjm -ftkow, d32wqsx l( ecp7ron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What ietjfw73oxq,kdy l4m -2; (6:hs ypwccs the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of goldamrz)mxdtbk f77nq )7wz u)(3 hvr n26 is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densitgd0 mp2(f g r82ucp5zzy = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N w 7t1*r/,eciq 3nwekqg hen it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What3niw/,qge*1tr7 k qec is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale read tsn,5irr mp56s 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the wr 5s6nprmt ,i5ater, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and de31d2na/t44ucq gl-6d kwgnzdx8 ; gednsity of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of lek6.vmo t4fxx+yull 4;ngth 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is m x4yut +f.lox6;klv4 its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 39 egm-x/as;*eeq oaq 7myso:fix3 tp,3jum5m wide, and 0.50 m high. How ma/e x *y omqo3qg;xa-3 f 5et:eamp j9ssi3,7umny kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. T;sl(8 e;,tt hmfrr hr5he weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. r(se 8t;, hmlr;ft5hr What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volumw i e04w*tv2ac(o 2twer5.bv ie beneath the surface. What is the2vw2w(eoari5t etv0w4*c .bi object's density?

  A 200-N object floats q*ozwl apk igj*j113; with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is thjo;p 3g* ia*1jlwzkq 1e buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 105opy. tt4m*t.n iizl3m1q t) l0 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ict.zlm m )t3po1tny*.5l t4qiie is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of a3pe/ ig4c/ndz9 ou5 bdiameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm di. 1ufe8sc8n 6zaf 9ivcameter restriction in the line. What is t.u s9c e 18fin6zfa8vche velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizoy6xs85bnkhlmm / nx41 fvoau9 -z3,fbntal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply 9c2-ziq tvew9a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m ac9vz2wte -9q ibove the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water st)ob4bqf5 3c,r m e2qzdorage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At ,2zo db 5qcb ermqf4)3what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectioodjl5z( 2kk*j nal area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a vison qa p; :-fk-2(m-2u lxe,mt kffsvs8(kld3gcosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and negllsk2s fktnml(x; fvqag okef2-dp8 3u: , --m(ect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on thq)* adc6mh 0i:fwkeezka /3c7 e wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%.7k3ce wh aaz/m i0)cdkf*q:e6 By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a p0en c 5lsb0),plxpj, lan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how hign)pl c x,l0,p0 lsebj5h will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water jzs/y9cjm;:+f ldwi6e n31a bis 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diame1ejl/snfj+w ;:3di9zcm6aby ter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water ; c0ux;enrh cga)n+fb5 ;(e)8yfathr at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube witrhue()b5x0 ;;nnaycg )+ef8t c rah;fh a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed verticaorqx6p-pcd. ;lly in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some so; qxd.-r cpp6oap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m r;7h yv2unr6*hbbzu 8with a soap film formed withb yzb; r h7hun*vr82u6in its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is buil*)rs3 xz m z;clwy(uf(t in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soyzu3*slf )r;( mcwx(z ap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?