The three common phas9w-(fcyc*-5 j qgaokfes of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density 4 yz5sk :(a03laolq5 baszrd-/. yyek of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a u2p g5c/o j)t fw:ezff8h3pwg 2nit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same a 49e-u;x.h8x c*dzqwiuuci d2rea base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glash8d*z.u9 uq4 ccwxid2ei u;x- s A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a too u5yt-qzj 57*26cpvx hn 9m- b8.awqa qptk+ire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute press1nq2 3ygs ( f(jw*7 x5rdlnaywure at the bottom of7y gwdl5nnrw*( faq(13xyjs 2 a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface p3wg kzxfg7- ifcrn :+)+(qtiof a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface f+-+nxi (3zc:gktiq frpwg7), what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princi.5ep 43 q9zwrr9uz)qgj9e a pr9ma1eqple.

State Archimedes' principle) ynhp/trwik6l(e -b8 ;yo9 od.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into76s h4u.wxz9xe0 s x8jb;g)ec: lkax r water of constant density, what happens to t9.4ugkshaee0lxx cr )7bzwx :8x6j;s he buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh -xyes- 8ocs4. rz vo+ bm;ds6cwater and in salt wose b6xsm .4cz;o 8vr d-+c-syater. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship flo (rcgjz,(tf. nats in both fresh water and salt czr ( (gnjf.t,water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of 2uob3fys )(gcs;7 fdcmercury. Where is the buoyant fouc;dybso3(7f ) s2gfc rce on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next i53 )t 1ropjyrto a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force onptrorj5i)3 y1 it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece ot 7o d0c/w75;ayn ddqmf wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water7;cdonmd5 qat0d w7/ y level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second pie 56l+/ jjzkugxi.r+uj ce of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If thuguj .+l6 xki+5jz/rje top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B iss7b:p hi 0m0/enc(x:brt 5 bfz larger than at point A. Where is the s : b(s0tp /:xhmbn0reb7ic5f zpeed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. I4k96pl7,nwj;u x /yttl0kn -+pebg fnf the pipe widens to twice its origina6b;, njtg0ptukpf7 /k- 4wye9 ll+nxnl radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a hod .:ci:jj0/jl nke2 *qavk(yjrizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half 0cqk jjj(*2a :ejy:nivkdl/. its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prieqpo8fd 36s y)l27v vinciple.

  Which one of the following mc9qz3t t x+r9n(2hb 5 -pgumgm1lrmu;wx53qis associated with the law of conservation of energy in 35q+5cnt x2-l bw qm p9rx9h;m3gz 1mtm(ugurfluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in the : mw2wymoh7w9ut9n 9lfluid

  Water flows through a pipefte1ajh * 8dn4cs 9*me. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greates1 n*detje8a4m9cshf*t?

  When you blow some air above a pfejgml3.l*we2) gm:m6fx b8 vaper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls throu* zsei5cpv f,:hvy aejz7 +w9;gh the air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistancze9 ejhfw7;pvv :a,ci5s+y *ze on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a2 ejrmi 7z(x,);khess tall tower.(, 2mej7)es ;isxkhzr Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radiu7bel3ius..j9;cnaa zmx5dh 1s r falls through water, it experiences a drag forcebs1i anz7 9 x;hm5c.al. jedu3 $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid t9kg0 - s nouhb8t-1cblhrough a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities belows9tlb- -c8o0h 1bn ugk, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter lo yumeq 0hvo*b,fi:(5 :,pneof pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in botp ub5o(q0*f li:eem,:, vyhonh pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is tk.*,s vcp amu3vo;ys 3wice as long as pipe A. Water undergoesscm. *3,sak3 ;vpovuy viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes grxayh;6 cj*n .xeasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikerxxjy ca*h.n6; s", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. Iexn94w q *6,oi72jonkae m1ylf the diameter were half as great, how high would the water jw omoal9i en*e1764,2xn yqkrise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they cct9v 31.a rpznan run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twi 91cvz. atnr3pce as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficl79ac lk9:cu m.gjbz7iently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the su :aj7ugb9k7 l9 zcl.cmrface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.rx+md.r 2uzgp1 (, w rvwu29lo0 g. Wlww1mr ur g(9p2o rzxv 2,.d+uhat is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of f1 .. u*pdpyno1fys-p 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is th,k2s( u k1f13xdcxkalgm: d6h e maximum pressure it can exert on a hok 3, f kudxlc6msa1:hdgx(k21rizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Eachega9lw )c ++++ .8w(zp jqg wnuftx5leo68rvn snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth ofife:dg rt6 ,jx9j7d (d/,lst n 120.0 m in the,ferdi t6j9g:7js n ,/ldt(dx ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diame l52mnzqqtyf* zzy:f-7cyn);ter in a submarine can withstand a maximum forcef*y)-2 t5yqmzz ;cznlq:7ny f of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absol 0umi *ktit9kv+l0 (cdute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a locati e i 7maxb4+;hotkf)r+on 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seaw)4kr f;+ m+7iox tbehaater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressurw159ue:l v :ug jcu+c0 ux.mcxzkc7a2xr6z3 de at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawatekz.u5v7l mjccx uxg:e:6cu3 curx2w0 d a+91zr is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small pistonch(y+1shlhu4 + m3.pibg t-jd of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has arspl(c j.h d+hig+-3u t hyb41mea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and u w -hpv e:4:ago1uwy6the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the smal1-4ag peuy huv6w: o:wl piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to bpo: 9 otpgh4r0e lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to9hot p prg0:4o a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift h.k i 8;b.oo9s *ok:k*fwvoderas a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 49 .:vk f r8*obdik;.*woeosok0 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs gn(orn( /qc(a4 sn73q eo;h gjhiq7/o40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant forcjoe/4rnqi h( /7 7ocong n(;q qg3sa(he of the water?

  An object has a volumegf/)r vnyaa.; of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron lq7 sso20k/78*faxv fxq1g lcis supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity 7fs0xqv k l 81g*sax/qfc2l7o of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gonasjf7) l lc/4m(lzsy0ex 5d4 ld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel8 zk,gn:ac(6qjpaw fu85o1n d submarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in 6xq 2khc a*rk5iz,, ;u(ovrx dair and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is(hx kqc*,rdx5u r ,vazi2k 6o; the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a sriw *3)qtb us9rzif4 1cale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touch i934tqsr*if bw) ru1zing
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg tj8(go6gmckrz i 1w2 9and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm an u1h9,hlp *jf+a ga, 2yqj1os w9izx7ud diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. Waojy, *9sxhqp 9uz21+7fi1a l uw ,gjhhat is its mass?

  A rectangular box of neglig80wm w0tys7 cb: g;roq2pde.b ible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilogramt.d0 2s:w;brbqy m c7g8wo0ep s of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with h8 ,agxl l-ok:1zwc4- -fpkokarnq9d 7alf its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the obje1-k rx k8okpznaq-w4 -7:fgcod,ll9a ct?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of ifym8jsl uz,1na9 )1sv ts volume beneath the surface. Whaf9,ya81j1slzusn v m)t is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its voluixc* h15b7bwfs x/z-9 grp)2tim b+cime beneath the surface of the w-* rtm)ifibib7xsw /cg+xc z p12hb59ater. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floez 2:l/ wa(z;c djm8zs)p s:drl 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will ju)sw; cddz/ zlzm:js rpa28(:l st support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find th/o.3reijw r9nv 2(z1 rqhkff1 e flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/su4, ixk/fwg boqt3-p.. There is a 2.0 cm diameterf iq-x,w3t./gpo4 ukb restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressure ojin8z ct4a+j:)ce em+sui0 q1f $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinkuw wb/srndxqw1)3 -)ying fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pumd s/ryxwwbq3-) 1u )nwp?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in 4 (ds*vdz(v svk7wmc.the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 1 (vc. dvs(dm4vszwk *75 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cb yi f8 )yqs.q1* xch42gs(mmcross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to poul94t3guci ; fd3s5jup3hv f nj g0(; m,.xczxpr 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cjvlx4fnfuu t, g9cd;mxhj cp 3i0z5.(sg 3;p 3m above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased6jn7ahp+boz;2fmb x 3 m kq17h the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increasq7x p2;zmm36bkn +f1 7hjabho ed to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diwdv9j 5-oxt:g95 ;yk( 4h:q04yazgernyt nykameter of tugktnkdny4j;9y:vty:r5 qohyw95g 4 e0xa(-z be B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will wateckj oada/ 8y:h(3nxe2r rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1. x ockanaedh32j(8:y /2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 de a6z1(xd6p(6/o8 hs ms zqeizqgree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter of/z8zxzq1 i(oq(dpeh6 6ms a s6
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in q9. xuunfw+5ma pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some 9+wnqxf.mu5 u soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0dmpuk6 w2)fktzeg gz )9d-28g.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water isf w9gd -g)28tdpze z mug)kk26 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has lxc 5shblv( 1n.ength 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable lo.5v 1 bhncsl(xng side so that the frame is 12 cm square?