The three common phaseqqi9 -d: rufmqd w;39es of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densm5xq3 qe2aq9s0 dlay/ity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following ni k0ro*x)2nffpgwib3 .z *1i1 lcqf5is not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and ale bp(;1dd0 t md0mydbkxvu 03)l three are film03;et0mx dk1 )d (v0d yudpbbled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pretbbu5,w6 g; kulj,0qk ssures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happeovy zh2)qt13r)2 b/ on fy dv2ai/dko;ns to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a pool?h22 y;) 1y2 kr qfn3dzo/bvo avdtoi)/

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 ms9/zb; ojm)gjqmi/ mzn6jc7 d :y,y f1 beneathm j q/yc7fz1;n6md/oijs b jymz:g9), the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princl sj.wj90b p64i3 9ory nxds0uiple.

State Archimedes' principtq,0rh2 l)m+ fq tz(owle.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constp spb6d6w8o9/e oh* cgant density, what happens tcpsg6bd ewp*/86oho 9o the buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A hx:aia3(q d:-c7kht; 74cg ajm;mjxjboat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Whecqk ma(dj;tm7: jxa ;4: hhaix7gj -3cre is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A klwojh6vybls1++ v5(bhp cb0 l .nz: gz.7t*rship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in .z.l l nh*o zl cp (+strj:5y1 6g7b0bwhvbkv+the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a w i ko81 e7:k+j qydeka1yz-9op4pf2 kpool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball grj4ye+a 1 p 29: yf17 e-oodikqzw8kkkpeater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits 5sw 0byh*m6pu*;mhfljd)o 4zat the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force hj4uwlh fom5zy )p06dm b*s*; on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating inn;jly.br:g+r;.vb hhd.u *oh a bathtub. If the irbhygr +db.o;:.;*v nlr.h hjuon is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood fo8iuuz2)5uju va21z sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water.u12iozafujuv)5z 8 u2 If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at pointnp2f-o d f)y6x B is larger than at point6 f-)n dpxfoy2 A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a u8gvf 6z-(s twhorizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the f 8vf-uts6gw(zlow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narhc;av hfr2hf ;) s27fvrows to half;f2 c)h ;shvf27hfrav its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principl*bfx8 4no0rs * gg0jknoija 0*e.

  Which one of the following is associated wp))+,/gx(:/ ( tn-kngpm nz aafxibdg ith the law of conservation of energy in fmdg n(/nfza:)pakxn , ipg()+bgx/-tluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in tkyxfzih5e.3jfs-; t( o6a w;the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. T /0hvou3iqf; *c+t u,k1fqfdp he diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greatestv0 k3qf,hid/ ;c *u1upqfo tf+?

  When you blow some ai5 ea3(r / ak.bmmp3oudr above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The forcxd5pkxg-,g s5us; lag.3h bn ewv16a)e of air resistance on him isax) p,abug-hlgev dk.513ngswx5s 6;

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously f8ofmqrq.t fid,q (5y*rom a tall tower. ,tfi. q8 r*5qmy d(foqWhich will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through wateryxn b g+j1c-ld+*c 7oj(vxt .s, it experiences a drag foxb (d*.1oct- l+j+cy7gxsvn jrce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect ec,t jqd ,7;hq3l/mgj5x jl we42zq.aon the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatesqj,wjgx l; q/2h4jt cald e5.z qe37m,t change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same la fho;mj;9e m6ength, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. I6 m;m9joafh e;f the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes hav(l 7fvbae2kh9 5hs4yqas+v 8ve the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. W y vhal2s(4+ha5vbs9v8eqk f7ater undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. zf7 . ngn.0exd xvdh73This "greasy" taste seems to be associated wit.x.gxv7ed 3 n 7h0fndzh oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the wate jopi. tf 1s72 mk.hgnji,(;rkr rises to a height h. If the osfpij ij(1r2m t , 7;nk.h.kgdiameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweh9s t,fd .l*pkight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimenshlf,p .9 dtsk*ions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently6:vne c*31npj2f csv n lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the : n2v1pn *nfsejvcc36 water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 9nh 1qs x4y7l0v ,/tyej5jwdp2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What i /9ehp4tnxy7jywq 5,lj 1 dv0ss its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its dz5mh,2za xeb1ensity?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is +z 70h05aevebf np0vzthe maximum pressure it ca 5 0+7nvebhe0vfpz0z an exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Eachrhs;uaio ,u7.z0ffj4 snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a2iiq4q ls yrejef5+bq1+7v1va sq+8w depth of 120.0 m in the o1ve s++iqa+eb5q4iv1wjlfr 8y 7 2sqqcean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diam jebs)q,c4h/z eter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force of)qej/ 4sh, czb $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure /nyip9o/ns :pi7vo w0re.c q9if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 13cikgygo8 4n3 y8/3j ukln(2rvpoq:v5.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of sea/pyyo3qg8 nuk32l 4nj :gv( i8r c3vokwater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure alv9w :9erd3tct a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of sd:r v9tecl3w9eawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pist1ep ih *4rq.epzrct/z )7+u jion has jr.r p+hc)eizu7e4 1zq t/*piarea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has aq; c b6aqohg75r yx q-(9umz;d radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in orby(xo 97udqrga5 z cq6;h-;qmder to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to bn8 /rx yxyr+su2ud;ht zl /sc2ufj/;2e lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be ds+yr s/2 h ;xu/ lz/x;cftn2uyuj 2r8applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a)dezs jb73g r)3uvcq3cq,s kq o(et.5 hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has5t3ju(q.qo7eec3d rs gv ),sk )cq3 bz a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in k purka3c+*voz;i* s(1)ppe pwater. What is the buoyant force of the water? iesc3r1+zv)* po(k ;k*uappp

  An object has a volume ofg 3s-(ckbv pgx5.e g;g $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of soli 1h/ hy6 xeohjdzph4*0d iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the te0zo16xhp*4eh /yhd hjnsion in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold1 t5(7f cjgwg3l btw;mm;/ys;m t*xql is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (dens/z;bax swn *w0ity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when)gg8 ai+vew utif/ .o) it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. Whateog. fiva/w 8g)t+u) i is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 1nhywucz-(aek1( d h+-20 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (speyn-+h- k1u ((zchewa dcific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum wp; c dg/j6po ug()esn+ith a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will justhh l( 525fnhrt barely float in water. Whanhr h2h5l5tf( t is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 n.puum a (y6 2c+lzo/nv9e:tgm wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a oylam 2zuetc g+96. n/p:nuv( lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of u tx)(t:p0xa 8qxd an0the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N.a) x80px(dxn a0:utt q What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of i 5.h4t- f:e13k)clprliqr yirts volume beneath the surface. What is the object's densit3r)k r- ilct e1q5r .f4ip:hlyy?

  A 200-N object floats *ci +8lbnz/bo with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyan/ibl o+z 8n*cbt force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 2/ij x0u3 zi+qt00 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimu + 3/zu0xtiqijm area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow klu8q snkbxz(4/dd +;rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameterks:)cf9 iz7..nsbnfte a)x) c pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the veloc) :k.7act nz x n)9i)ecffssb.ity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a presnu9 tli.fl) 8nsure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take fo 5xa7 i8iqo.:aryh)hq r a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 oq5 iay)xa :q7rh 8ih.kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage yht--5 w cneh6tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At wha6t heyn- c-h5wt rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizonta f 4yvrv2vv)xum3hdg; 3* 6hqml pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosijpc r1aexr :0qvd . .ht1gadp9(.lfq5ty of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel wa9tlfg.d10 qphaqr(v r e:p.. j51xd cith a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build 0crs2gxcb6 t2-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to m bt2cc2g0rs6xaintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diamet 8 hras. i60jbp;vw 6iyu,4yhaer of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?j4v psir6.w; yu,bhaa 806yih

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. n* lf 2*mib (lp8nny9f How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 mni*8fm9n nb py2(lf*lm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in odh(b k86 o.uza glass capillary tube with a diameter o6(.ozh 8db uokf
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan r q ai10t)* /glpqh)jtof water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original va/qrhi0t1p*lg q)a j t)lue by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 3nzxa(f*a(heo/jqhp+t(fevzf3- 1 nm with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap fe/z f( ( xhv-aneaz+jnfoq1ft*( hp33ilm exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm avnbv qu(h; .6bn.v o* 1v7gz -cq1xkvgnd width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film conta vgcqv(zx6;7vkbqgb v* 1hnvu on. -.1ined in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?