Central banks usually have8ijr m2qjc,, e ve5ua /l)wqqrxw;)p/ all of the following goals except:

  Which of the following is qu b*3y: hr1+gsinpl3 a strength of fiscal policy?

  The process of a central bank creating digital money by purchasing long-1luq; o53byj af6g9h4-0r y59a 2rpqcerg gyfterm government securities from commercial banks and crediting el9lq40fg f q 3 yrpjh;9rea5ru5 yyg1g6acob2-ectronic reserves to the commercial banks' accounts held with the central bank is the definition of:

  The concept of money demand in :vu -2 lyge,g 6l+1yj pnjwl-ueconomics is not associated with holding money:

  Select from the choices below what jh3u-g s9 v4td+(emax is not considered to be a strength of monetars- +9h ud vjx4t(3egamy policy:

  The following statements are true except:-5ky5 cfx8tmk /*tcvt

  Which of the following is an example of current expen-m(hnlwtnyfzgsv t ) s-1: 7s3diture?

  
Which of the following policies would most likely cause the above shift from $AD_1$ to $AD_2$?

  
At which point of intersection along the AS curve above would an expansionary fiscal policy have the largest impact on real output?

  In May 2023, the legal reserve requirement ratio (reserve requirement) in,tr n3 my4cm)7v ldjo7 Iran stands at 10%. If you have an initial deposit of Iranian Rial (IRR) 1 000, ca 4c7 vymmdr,7j)3otln lculate the total credit creation you can expect.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:

  Suppose the European Central Bank's (ECB) gpqit 5i1j81k hoal is to increase the money supply; select which of the followi51ihk1 8qjpt ing options below the ECB must do:

  What is most likely to decrease after the implementation of e peq zk9vr(u(n) +w-*)4pi0 gywfk qnlxpansionary fiscal policy?w gq(k)vq(0 pye+i npf4kru z-*)ln9w

  

South Sudan's inflation rate (%)	2022
-2.54	August
-8.75	September
-12.73	October
-8.1	November
- 11.57	December

Given the table above, select from the choices below what is expected to be true concerning South Sudan in August through December of 2022:

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $APL_1$ as shown in the figure above. Select which type of monetary policy action a central bank may undertake from the choices to restore full employment:
I.decrease interest rates
II. increase interest rates
III.decrease money supply
IV. increase money supply

  Select from the choices below which would be the most appropriate reason ft.7 d6vm i/v73hymglmj r6ddj0 o0/zdor the cj 0gjm7d6 v.izv6 m/hrdt m7dl/d 30yoentral bank to increase the money supply:

  Which combination of fiscal an*; rg,pg st (4e0 xyo9/uyucrkd monetary policy actions would most effectively close9/rcx,sr; (0uktuo g4*e ygyp an inflationary gap?

  Which of the following statements i ntx(c1mw m7c;s true of automatic stabilisers?
I.They utilise discretionary spending to reduce volatility.
II. They will be more effective in an economy with a strong welfare state and progressive income tax.
III. They moderate the rate of economic growth.

  Which of the following may resuzkep b,k7tcwc 3*q3 3hlt from a sustained budget deficit?

  
If an economy is initially operating at equilibrium X, what would its new equilibrium be if the government cuts income tax and increases VAT?

  

Given the figure above, select from the choices below in which expansionary monetary policy action would result in a “no growth, only inflation'' scenario:

  Calculate the change in nationalv we7e2pv4u4gzadum 5wxr7j7p /qb 5 ( income from a $\xi$10 000 000 decrease in government spending for an economy where:
The marginal propensity to consume is 0.6
The marginal propensity to import is 0.1
The marginal propensity to tax is 0.2

  Select from the table below the appropriate transmissi;ph1u 8p d8l,mywy:tb on mechanism of a contractionary monetary policy which involves raising interest rates toy 18u8;:lbdtpw yhmp , achieve an external balance.

  

Country A	Country B	Country C	Country D
Increase in investment: US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US
$\$$100m	$\$$150m	$\$$200m	$\$$50m
Marginal propensity to toconsume 0.6	Marginal propensity to consume 0.4	Marginal propensity to consume 0.3	Marginal propensity to consume 0.8

Which country would experience the largest increase in real output after an increase in investment?

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $PL_1$ as shown in the figure above, select which of the statements from the choices below is true:
I.an inflationary gap exists
II.the inflationary gap can be reduced by implementing contractionary monetary policy, that shifts $AD_1$ to $AD_2$
III. a contractionary monetary policy will lower the equilibrium price level
IV.implementing contractionary monetary policy can transform the inflationary gap into a recessionary gap