Central banks usually have all of the followinap 1 b7opc/p8sg goals except:

  Which of the following is a strength of fiscal policy?o) hqy)tij , g0:j+/j4bco n.ujiv4dd

  The process of a central bank creating digital mon9o.o0vo8uue buj p n9(ey by purchasing long-term government securities from commercial banks and crediting electronic reserves to the commercial banks' accounts h8u ojuono pv(0 99.beueld with the central bank is the definition of:

  The concept of money k hqgtj1+nhmh ,1+oe; demand in economics is not associated with holding money:

  Select from the choices below what is not consideril phi*eyckd7* 8 ql/ah4q8w9/ny:j ced to be a strength of monetary policynpdi47h:ewliyj/8* q/ 8ha ccq yk*l9:

  The following statements are true exceptg0 ysyz d .ukahq4zs 3:tk-l(6:

  Which of the following is an example oeo/f- bmgvb8xc 0ws)0 f current expenditure?

  
Which of the following policies would most likely cause the above shift from $AD_1$ to $AD_2$?

  
At which point of intersection along the AS curve above would an expansionary fiscal policy have the largest impact on real output?

  In May 2023, the legal reserve requirementm3n ml0nud,ds9lmr2 b(i-v8e,2w q eb ratio (reserve requirement) in Iran stands at 10%. If you have an initial deposit of Iranian Rial (IRR) 1 000, calculate the total credit creationem-d 2 rq8l2me9ns3vm iw,( n,0blub d you can expect.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:

  Suppose the European Central Bank's (ECB) goal is to increase th1;tg pvm,zsi4 y.ewo3 e money supply; select which of v; 4pze ,tg y3o.wmis1the following options below the ECB must do:

  What is most likely to decrease after the implementation of expansvc: n t(mzv2:+wa/mxqionary fiscal policy?qn/tmw v+2axz:(cv m :

  

South Sudan's inflation rate (%)	2022
-2.54	August
-8.75	September
-12.73	October
-8.1	November
- 11.57	December

Given the table above, select from the choices below what is expected to be true concerning South Sudan in August through December of 2022:

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $APL_1$ as shown in the figure above. Select which type of monetary policy action a central bank may undertake from the choices to restore full employment:
I.decrease interest rates
II. increase interest rates
III.decrease money supply
IV. increase money supply

  Select from the choices below which would be the mostt5v y8h/9jhi t appropriate reason for the central /tj 5h iv89ythbank to increase the money supply:

  Which combination of fiscal and monetary policy actions would most effectively r2 6ahvhy83p-cao4 ehclose an inflationhy 2av8o6p rahh4-c 3eary gap?

  Which of the following statements is true of automatic staz1o vfyiclj n79(;aa.bilisers?
I.They utilise discretionary spending to reduce volatility.
II. They will be more effective in an economy with a strong welfare state and progressive income tax.
III. They moderate the rate of economic growth.

  Which of the following may result from a sustained budget defk(cwf(gz0t3e t* eyk0ok4 2 lmicit?

  
If an economy is initially operating at equilibrium X, what would its new equilibrium be if the government cuts income tax and increases VAT?

  

Given the figure above, select from the choices below in which expansionary monetary policy action would result in a “no growth, only inflation'' scenario:

  Calculate the change in;9 y fvsbkyf/:m cp59d national income from a $\xi$10 000 000 decrease in government spending for an economy where:
The marginal propensity to consume is 0.6
The marginal propensity to import is 0.1
The marginal propensity to tax is 0.2

  Select from the table below the appropriate transmission mechanism of a contraohb. -q ,jjy egg;()eid dyi-+ctionary monetary policy which involves raising interest rates to achieve an extej+j h;-)-yb,eo.egiidgyq d(rnal balance.

  

Country A	Country B	Country C	Country D
Increase in investment: US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US
$\$$100m	$\$$150m	$\$$200m	$\$$50m
Marginal propensity to toconsume 0.6	Marginal propensity to consume 0.4	Marginal propensity to consume 0.3	Marginal propensity to consume 0.8

Which country would experience the largest increase in real output after an increase in investment?

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $PL_1$ as shown in the figure above, select which of the statements from the choices below is true:
I.an inflationary gap exists
II.the inflationary gap can be reduced by implementing contractionary monetary policy, that shifts $AD_1$ to $AD_2$
III. a contractionary monetary policy will lower the equilibrium price level
IV.implementing contractionary monetary policy can transform the inflationary gap into a recessionary gap