Central banks usually have all of the followin hpa9)vim2qn)g goals except:

  Which of the following is a strength of fiscal po 1ab6vde* )ifpic-3el zp1.w glicy?

  The process of a centr3p 8l*2ael *jk:rco2ky , ottral bank creating digital money by purchasing long-term government securities from commercial banks and crediting electronic reserves to the commercial banks' accounts hell k o3,ao2kc8jttr e:2 *yr*pld with the central bank is the definition of:

  The concept of money demand in economics is not associated with holding money:;gs 1afyyef,2;o t* qh

  Select from the choices b(2h viu tlpc..elow what is not considered to be a strength of monetary pol h cu(tl2.piv.icy:

  The following statemen y vcdx+u+7h.o:1kv dbts are true except:

  Which of the following is an exab gm6-pxb9z*m ea05bm mple of current expenditure?

  
Which of the following policies would most likely cause the above shift from $AD_1$ to $AD_2$?

  
At which point of intersection along the AS curve above would an expansionary fiscal policy have the largest impact on real output?

  In May 2023, the legal reserve requirement ratio (ro 4i8ps,nx-3k llk+ue eserve requirement) in Iran stands at 10%. If you have an initial deposit of Iranian Rial (IRR) 1 000, calculati+4 3k,puexlons8 lk -e the total credit creation you can expect.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:

  Suppose the European Centrall- wetucxkm*,pbopg7 ;)z, p7 Bank's (ECB) goal is to increase the money supply; select which of the following options zk;-* t),op,c7wblg7pp mxeubelow the ECB must do:

  What is most likely to decrease after tpm 7lh(7qj x)f q8b:axhe implementation of expansionary fiscal po8jahfm7(qq p7 x:)blx licy?

  

South Sudan's inflation rate (%)	2022
-2.54	August
-8.75	September
-12.73	October
-8.1	November
- 11.57	December

Given the table above, select from the choices below what is expected to be true concerning South Sudan in August through December of 2022:

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $APL_1$ as shown in the figure above. Select which type of monetary policy action a central bank may undertake from the choices to restore full employment:
I.decrease interest rates
II. increase interest rates
III.decrease money supply
IV. increase money supply

  Select from the choices below which would be the most appr dwn:7xft19+ ( ct2nh. ail9ns)cwg dwopriate reason for the central bank to increase the money supp xwf9dnwcd.t(lia9c 2gtw+)snnh7 1 :ly:

  Which combination of fiscal and mo clh.b4 jylyw6x9v 2i, oi-pv8netary policy actions would most effectively clos2o b. 8 l9 il4iwjpycv6h-y,xve an inflationary gap?

  Which of the following statements is true of auk px1t aqr/j:a8gm hv:/ viu1*g6l,iutomatic stabilisers?
I.They utilise discretionary spending to reduce volatility.
II. They will be more effective in an economy with a strong welfare state and progressive income tax.
III. They moderate the rate of economic growth.

  Which of the following may result from a sustained budget de o,ogad9; kn*eficit?

  
If an economy is initially operating at equilibrium X, what would its new equilibrium be if the government cuts income tax and increases VAT?

  

Given the figure above, select from the choices below in which expansionary monetary policy action would result in a “no growth, only inflation'' scenario:

  Calculate the change in national income. zhwk k,aeq34 1wp*z rfr/p5o from a $\xi$10 000 000 decrease in government spending for an economy where:
The marginal propensity to consume is 0.6
The marginal propensity to import is 0.1
The marginal propensity to tax is 0.2

  Select from the table below the appropriate transmission mechanism of / xo*h+d ycx5ka contractionary monetary policy which involves raising interest rates to achieve an externaldxyo5c+x/k *h balance.

  

Country A	Country B	Country C	Country D
Increase in investment: US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US
$\$$100m	$\$$150m	$\$$200m	$\$$50m
Marginal propensity to toconsume 0.6	Marginal propensity to consume 0.4	Marginal propensity to consume 0.3	Marginal propensity to consume 0.8

Which country would experience the largest increase in real output after an increase in investment?

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $PL_1$ as shown in the figure above, select which of the statements from the choices below is true:
I.an inflationary gap exists
II.the inflationary gap can be reduced by implementing contractionary monetary policy, that shifts $AD_1$ to $AD_2$
III. a contractionary monetary policy will lower the equilibrium price level
IV.implementing contractionary monetary policy can transform the inflationary gap into a recessionary gap