Central banks usually havett9jh,j a0:c 9b:xjgu all of the following goals except:

  Which of the followingp*1 cfvqr on79 is a strength of fiscal policy?

  The process of a central bank creating digital money by purchasing long-term gwc4x(kq -e-u covernment securities from commercial banks and crediting electronic reserves to the xcekwc 4-q(- ucommercial banks' accounts held with the central bank is the definition of:

  The concept of money demand iucz-h rw:mkic:qv *. +s4 9wlfn economics is not associated with holding money:

  Select from the choices below what is n(9 g6z4n uk bx.oc,vzsot considered to be a strength of monetary z b g.9z4skv6 ,noxc(upolicy:

  The following statements are true ej7xg 5 :-:zjjrubmqv 5xcept:

  Which of the following is an exampl v; qsxmv0ay3w:i+ke*- f nbr*e of current expenditure?

  
Which of the following policies would most likely cause the above shift from $AD_1$ to $AD_2$?

  
At which point of intersection along the AS curve above would an expansionary fiscal policy have the largest impact on real output?

  In May 2023, the legal reserve requirement ratio (reserve requiremqvx4 w sh5eqb8 ,ax/27v yh.qnent) in Iran stands at 10%. If you havh 5va,xqwhsx.yn8be q47qv/2 e an initial deposit of Iranian Rial (IRR) 1 000, calculate the total credit creation you can expect.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:

  Suppose the European Central Bank's sv2k9j5 gs)kq (ECB) goal is to increase the money supply; select which of the following options below the ECB must qkg5kv2 9j s)sdo:

  What is most likely to decrease after the implementation of ex5g5 m7)wd9 j75 tojp/ru+5efonejl ojpansionary fiscal polor/)e l5oj7 +gnj595j d oefj7u pm5wticy?

  

South Sudan's inflation rate (%)	2022
-2.54	August
-8.75	September
-12.73	October
-8.1	November
- 11.57	December

Given the table above, select from the choices below what is expected to be true concerning South Sudan in August through December of 2022:

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $APL_1$ as shown in the figure above. Select which type of monetary policy action a central bank may undertake from the choices to restore full employment:
I.decrease interest rates
II. increase interest rates
III.decrease money supply
IV. increase money supply

  Select from the choices below which would be the most appropriate reason for t b/zwu ,fl73gf14 limrhe cent/zf3w u b4i,1 mllf7rgral bank to increase the money supply:

  Which combination of fiscal and monetary policy actions would most5yf9:6m *wzzj yk8uf z effectively close an inflatuf6y5z:fy 9mk w* 8jzzionary gap?

  Which of the following statemeh;c 69qul6 +ikw zj,iints is true of automatic stabilisers?
I.They utilise discretionary spending to reduce volatility.
II. They will be more effective in an economy with a strong welfare state and progressive income tax.
III. They moderate the rate of economic growth.

  Which of the following may resul lka59j.i a2lzsf1a4at from a sustained budget deficit?

  
If an economy is initially operating at equilibrium X, what would its new equilibrium be if the government cuts income tax and increases VAT?

  

Given the figure above, select from the choices below in which expansionary monetary policy action would result in a “no growth, only inflation'' scenario:

  Calculate the change in national income f yys-a.cjf- ww tp-)po/ oic:4rom a $\xi$10 000 000 decrease in government spending for an economy where:
The marginal propensity to consume is 0.6
The marginal propensity to import is 0.1
The marginal propensity to tax is 0.2

  Select from the table below the appropriate tranw) dvqu n1lz-0smission mechanism of a contractionary monetary policy which invouw-0vq)1z ndllves raising interest rates to achieve an external balance.

  

Country A	Country B	Country C	Country D
Increase in investment: US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US
$\$$100m	$\$$150m	$\$$200m	$\$$50m
Marginal propensity to toconsume 0.6	Marginal propensity to consume 0.4	Marginal propensity to consume 0.3	Marginal propensity to consume 0.8

Which country would experience the largest increase in real output after an increase in investment?

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $PL_1$ as shown in the figure above, select which of the statements from the choices below is true:
I.an inflationary gap exists
II.the inflationary gap can be reduced by implementing contractionary monetary policy, that shifts $AD_1$ to $AD_2$
III. a contractionary monetary policy will lower the equilibrium price level
IV.implementing contractionary monetary policy can transform the inflationary gap into a recessionary gap