Central banks usually have all of the following goals except:5wg 6q+ czyy*k

  Which of the followinw2r9oakh8+yk g is a strength of fiscal policy?

  The process of a central bank creating digital money by purchasing long-term goydizzbuha 0,f b 0p6p+lp883xvernment securities from commercial banks and crediting electronic reserves to the commercial banks' accounts held l08zdbzuy0i3pf, 8pbh+a p x6with the central bank is the definition of:

  The concept of money demand in economics is not associate)3i3.kr7vp v5psoy v id with holding money:

  Select from the choices bele 7fxnw0/zfo /epes73r f ,km4ow what is not considered to be a strength of monetary f frme,0ep/ x3 fswz7e4n/k o7policy:

  The following statements arlsl3qnj 5 61lqe true except:

  Which of the following is an example of c;1/-b+v qbdw 9ptqh:b opue; vurrent expenditure?

  
Which of the following policies would most likely cause the above shift from $AD_1$ to $AD_2$?

  
At which point of intersection along the AS curve above would an expansionary fiscal policy have the largest impact on real output?

  In May 2023, the legal r7jaom)wf4qz.w8 n 7 dieserve requirement ratio (reserve requirement) in Iran stands at 10%. If you have an initial deposit of Iranian Rial (IRR) 1 000, calcu w 4jwd8.fni qmo7z7)alate the total credit creation you can expect.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:

  Suppose the European Central Bank's (EC cepuv;l tr:li ,2(tw*B) goal is to increase the money supply; select which of the following options below the ECB must *vlc,epil u 2(t;w:tr do:

  What is most likely to decrease after the implementation of expansionary fiscrf c lhi9 (k2.8s3zc j;zne1wual policyc wkns;8c( lh .u1fj2zze93r i?

  

South Sudan's inflation rate (%)	2022
-2.54	August
-8.75	September
-12.73	October
-8.1	November
- 11.57	December

Given the table above, select from the choices below what is expected to be true concerning South Sudan in August through December of 2022:

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $APL_1$ as shown in the figure above. Select which type of monetary policy action a central bank may undertake from the choices to restore full employment:
I.decrease interest rates
II. increase interest rates
III.decrease money supply
IV. increase money supply

  Select from the choices below 4ppm: z4) eil+l (9b)tdxn erjwhich would be the most appropriate reason for the central b( bd)lm9jppen4 xr4 l)it:+ ezank to increase the money supply:

  Which combination of fi xh n76sx0f ldhw:qi 2pl*,.xrscal and monetary policy actions would most effectively close an inflath6lp7nxhxl2q,d . fs x0 rw:*iionary gap?

  Which of the following statements is true of autol1x k m,sz7lp(matic stabilisers?
I.They utilise discretionary spending to reduce volatility.
II. They will be more effective in an economy with a strong welfare state and progressive income tax.
III. They moderate the rate of economic growth.

  Which of the following may result from a slv3a,m5icj z -ustained budget deficit?

  
If an economy is initially operating at equilibrium X, what would its new equilibrium be if the government cuts income tax and increases VAT?

  

Given the figure above, select from the choices below in which expansionary monetary policy action would result in a “no growth, only inflation'' scenario:

  Calculate the change in national income from a yl7:0(x mc ygl5:1 fgc,fbass $\xi$10 000 000 decrease in government spending for an economy where:
The marginal propensity to consume is 0.6
The marginal propensity to import is 0.1
The marginal propensity to tax is 0.2

  Select from the table below the appropr108dheo(qh a mb09infd2nt7 wc-f3jciate transmission mechanism of a contractionary monet-n2c ob3tdehi7qf8c1m0 hwf9jn0 da(ary policy which involves raising interest rates to achieve an external balance.

  

Country A	Country B	Country C	Country D
Increase in investment: US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US
$\$$100m	$\$$150m	$\$$200m	$\$$50m
Marginal propensity to toconsume 0.6	Marginal propensity to consume 0.4	Marginal propensity to consume 0.3	Marginal propensity to consume 0.8

Which country would experience the largest increase in real output after an increase in investment?

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $PL_1$ as shown in the figure above, select which of the statements from the choices below is true:
I.an inflationary gap exists
II.the inflationary gap can be reduced by implementing contractionary monetary policy, that shifts $AD_1$ to $AD_2$
III. a contractionary monetary policy will lower the equilibrium price level
IV.implementing contractionary monetary policy can transform the inflationary gap into a recessionary gap