Suggest which of the folfy5cgzau bd ac;j:77(lowing might influence a person’s environmental value syste: ju yg5f;ac (cba7dz7m:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label ffkslug6e u,w; 07(qpue:cc)wa*mv *a or a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmenwpfm)10yuf (- epf2 zvtal value systems is most likely held by Elon fmp)vf -e1p wu(02z fyMusk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marbl,jl czh*lvt( td;*c1:ta th3e e"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentrist worldv.zx fb5 /j,gpfiew.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an enviri - 6yden12ucwonmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right whp * *nr f-gx28kz4argbales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an oue i)dl0k r24 ,/1i yiu k6vg9ahon;jbqtput of an environmental value system.What is input and output?qo9)ig6 ienky2v l;,0ia rub4kjh1/d

  Determine which is the best defi ii(5xeksz/2enition for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for :/zxp;m 8bdf cl u/4wn*bu6kbdeveloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment haac nyc8((qze o4/ak.t s an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely associated with r 3k:p2r svb)b* 6/yn)hzhzjm an anthropocentric environ* hz/ n)b2rpr )zhjbm:v3s6kymental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice ( a;0xaf5ru 3ws2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Sever 2sp.bogmp:(x 9e9w cin Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world9scx2 :p opeb9i(m.g w leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maatuewjnm42) x n k74l hdz;o(uc3hai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of izr; +mmng(fm;*a .7l o; s9*spmoqtvy nfluential events that shaped our modern view of environm yl.n( m;vo mm+f 9;qa*gpszsrm*;t7 oentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn systemsjk m(yr+ jw4 * )hckh0ufg):qvl.;z.n a:aeoy

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with the envirosv6(qx*u m6d qa s4v+)u2ezdlnment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for; yl,csbm3f .v developing an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people understand compll; to+9mttrk9:u91mwnx als fec.y :7ex worl n 9.;wt:t9u1st +a l:x7kcroy9fmmekings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigatioz) f4 j5e)yeung an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about pxw (y:i on92ka systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of th weuhz*91abj1e carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model edm sh pkm8im w/h5:(,for developing an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of di*9l d*.aq8byzdq ;nm-k5h b/gi:pxa systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbon cyc5:*bz:rp/k x9hi8tkno: pyi c le





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tre5.cvw:(63 q (zpyx6tqij b+jca qt1qx e

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestratizpjjqho 24 vw57 rgw4-on of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . +9iq +vgs,3c rrw w tu1oa6(ld what it Input ，Output ，Both input and outputir3al +s(ov+6u,rw tgwqc 9 1d？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transformationmc cn x.76zqu8.

  what is Positive feedx r ;o2tk euun +qz5pr(0w3hd/back loops...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem -5ki3 ;ckvubs to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densitievekzc7hz0/ bu4nc y5(s of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedbacy9gku7 -tytfip5e: +sk is not correctly paired wi :e gt7s-5p y9kfiu+ytth the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resilxi14n 4auzxvuo-nz )a 3:r )ykience and the ability to withstand change: uazknxxioy)an vz4-)ru314 s.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a negativgt6cy5rtpg8(z n gz;4 e feedback meg6rn;yc54 p z8zg (ttgchanism.

  State which of the following is not u8tfnp:y*q (fpp 3363yxy4 tqe9gt ab accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA3:u8qetf933tap xpgtf4( y 6y*bq nyp).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rn*6k.d2h+y/ny-p w ufcdur6hb6eu0 t22a fw votation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainabl y20hf 2hr6dkvwut dp+yce*n aunb 6-/.62 wufe yield.

  Identify the aspect that doe3c(ult:a p f2qs not define sustainability.

  Which of the following would loh0: d qcu82gnot fall under the classification of ecological goods that can produce natural c2 l0chg: do8quapital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental ca46 v e7h irglvw2;a5ropacity vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before 2b48opc4 0uavrkh7 qf a major construction project is undepoar2 k7v0 4fq8h c4ubrtaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capit)v5t:lglh0l ll xd 1l2a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is notl/y(po 2rq3ahu.vv b) correctly paired with how it affects sustbqu.oy3/ v)ra (vh2p lainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is now ufbicz8/zlvp;;cr(c p 1- 9wt a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita l+6w5f ,kqi.vh )zicf vgq t(0$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the fvav ch ta5d(;+ollowing is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP kf*q)r p(go 5tcibcvz s6 ac1.a.s,l 6per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuring po j9c:qgmd i,it/s,e -cllution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbideu 1bgykldyd9 k/l62q , plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after thed yq2gd,1l k69 uyk/lb disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match th -e8osar0ge 6pe term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodt(xo6hsccn 0 9iphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capimq e0f3+y ew5 6p2cavwta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seazn56rqxyc-3r0ol-rixq l )m 8water at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDnuv16sn(2 i s0 ;etbvpP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per t6095jj u *mxtih; ntvcapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.