Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environmental valueu:r tex;6* dnp system: :pe*d6;rnuxt

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for 8 i ogzku zjy7gh*2 u+)tn,a55ga+9 mblvpc 2va washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following w9 (3g,xr(qqb jus :xc, hjfy/environmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-xc/ 9wrb(, ( qh, g3jj:fyuqxsX.

  Figure: "The Blue Marb gem0o6,l v zft1e92g852h ofewfv ft8le"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement thosw-)n/y 4wwf at is a priority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value,xnsuo3a: lt( cai9v(5ka o8i system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right8+c7t,*ysnn fz lpk k4 whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an out2dmy + gp8es7qput of an environmental value system.What is input and outpg ed 8yqs2m7+put?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘envirq7wp9- gsc)/j3;o8 ycizz x doonmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for develbz2kqbe4ync d-( y ;9yoping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the enviwzrk)q 7uy592fgv* if 7qp, dyronment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the followi )x+776se4 xfm mcyfgang statements is most closely associated with an anthropocentric envm+gc7m)xff6aye 4 7xs ironmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice kb7ljui )k- zl*; h dak0p10jn(2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rici)(2 hzuhy j 3/ava7po in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard apzhha/ i2(v7 3u)yaj cbout from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathaia cum q- 744snzx*tr8x






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaperqq8.pv ld zv,(f05 ckd our modern view off.r5dk( ,q0 lvq8vzpc environmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn systems a-w 90q)x-z qnsg aoz*

  Identify the exchanges that a close-7vr 2knj01djnmkywl s 3 h*q+d system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for v ck/:fr;ck8qrk5 9ko developing an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people undersn i:xpwsr+k.-tand complex workinsi k .:pxr+nw-gs.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms forp5;bmo qcw *1w investigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems diagram that is yf.0k/+i- efmh0 yo pitrue.

  Figure: A simplified model of the ,jsmab9*xs gu t);l6 dt*br8 tcarbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value sys2k*s1,iw/ogdc4d cqo,uu+ *h mz 9sex+c- s mdtem





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the follp;afib ltl)n- 2i53hhb*7 n srowing is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbo3 psm:u4)pcco- o ym2f fpeidb5paj(9:vu t2 :n cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram8jv/fa / mr14r:pata l2q *h-y- fijjhlf4 +sl of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rr(g58.i8harrpgrp j +.ds* ppise on the carbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input )uc0yj7 ho o;kfsm2o+ ，Output ，Both input and output？u 7)mscjyo oh;k+02of



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an exakb+ 5m;2;cjn j gah6j iqn8qj9mple of transformation.

  what is Positive feedbaz85uu,ts: ji 7f4gubuck loops...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the follo( *vnhspl,f+ fwing is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and r-d7ra q 1jcu,fdug3p 4k a9a)its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the follow0 gtke8 -y9)vfhxoo t*kw51b jing options about feedback is not correctly paired witheo*h0-bk5)w 8 v t 9jkfy1tgox the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resild9,hyjtt; :w gience and the ability to withstand changed y;h j,t:wgt9s.

  Determine which of the fa(l5po je0 uj 1h2usjx x8o ukj*h/jljw,54*iollowing sequences is an example of a negative feedback m(j 42j uuxak,1leoi5 luo hh*/pj5 0 *xjwjj8sechanism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished b/am654bz+4kl,ub ayymv ,oxtjy 4 ji1y an Environmental Impact Assessmen4 xzmaylu4yjbimj6,oktv1a 5 4+by, /t (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different section d2r9tiiwhc +0s of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass ofrd w +2hi0tc9i the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainabil.j4k/e9a p6ae ) aibxmity.

  Which of the followinwmxc/j z )r2,le ;iztw52ai0mg would not fall under the classification of ecological goods that can produce natural cap 2w)2mtxizmrw0 ;/c,ijz a5le ital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource cons)618o (oaaepba lqoc)umption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Implmj* 8;op ua.dact Assessment) is usually carried out before a major construction project is undertaken. Outline the basic struct m;uj*daolp.8ure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capita; slc*716 0fbyy6( xlnszdujb $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired with how )ldbzu6 )us +3dmmeyfl5 ra8( it affects sustaz aml)m6ddy(rb se+fu8 lu35)inability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is ni 6km; vk7pjfr b,+-wwot a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per cit/z t fj+t84tapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of th cagzk 5prh ;duct.bs./,) t1oo+k:ebe following is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor -h)fn6(yyr 1ct3vnb0 8qyiou pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuring po2( ns eor)ii0zllution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plantx)pwd cc;lk *; in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few daysxd c*)wkc;;p l after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and ago6 . e6.rm+gow.zz uthe example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrup b* .e6su(4o;q5zmyaue 3q qichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capita 7.8orgv ma0zc $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in sn .eq09x9ud az u6v/naeawater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDo,z:,d2 cj*eugk gig- P per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per ca d +j:fm b5uqqa409vtlpita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.