Suggest which of the following mighthf0 l4f,r.o *y, pw o 6((myu;bhjeind influence a person’s environmental value systemyjfherubh. onpw(l4*6o,y ; ( mdif,0:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing machine y2y 5lpodf(y+p ;5 m+3vi7 oxpfrb (y. kjlut(


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is most likely held rf7p r e8di 0tnm-)w5mby Elon Musk, the founder r wdtm-7)8f im en0r5pof Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Mahxuix .72b7/c b03vlu ia/cu zrble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocen)extnw coc)tc4s) lbzo o59 ;8trist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental valu iwp s 5cf+: evaz6v8lza;ae 8jqm7x9:e system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right wh d)arfn5r- j vmb74v:mx;tox, ales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environm pl,kc;i yd+a vcl/9e6ental value system.What is input and outpc , l6li+ec p/9dvya;kut?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘envir 8(kvj a iqz-asuje:dh7)l;y *onmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental valueh-b-c3 s ws l4bixxn55 system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the envirz-c5uxm6b/)(dbcfv k2+z xeu wpyu-5onment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is mostzh)qgam;a;il dwo2p0 . s td,+ closely associated with an anthropocentr;;tdhg .zm2pdaaq io+s,0)w lic environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in K 5n+l5*vmozf0 n,ng ay0o uv3catowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Ea94 jrn-;0v :ftba2edzi0c tncrth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how ;b cnj4d0tz2i9 en 0ra -:fcvtto fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maat3avgai ;,z w5vh0;rnzwq h ,o:hai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped m rj 2n3itgk b-mox**.w4e v+tour modern view of envji2vt4 w+* x.ntbe-o*km mr3gironmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagraml frsd.p0. jj* that is not a correctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with the environmep +by1qt4(b cint.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmentalkshwl +;ekbrd c00 1 *ss1:nam value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people uxvdx9q7 la)qv(4a9 ffnderstand complex word f9qqfl4) v aaxxv7(9kings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic foogz thab 7q ,iyc+9l tau18nh*x o8r5a5d chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems dis;a gsg) ef95h7r lxf0agram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified mp,ltj9xmaa)h v :c 3w:odel of the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmen ujuvznm f5nrm*y /zo/;) yzqe6e7 ,o9tal value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of thw1*2idse )hmie following is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon thro-/hbr r dxuwaglnox1*728f a(ugh the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagra tj hkd59xwb )a5x4:oom of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestratio++kgiuk dc9n/ ps . hrsd*kt0/n of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，Output )r-qa p lhd7i9 ，Both in l q)ra9i7h-dpput and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the:aq ix7ozyc(09g ,o sw following is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback 8i0c,xz.n*ckmm 5vbp3,qanploops...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping na)9zq *0d3st qfal b)ida/4a point.

  Figure: Population densities of; 9j4ouu vv8slgy +hw0 a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not correctly gqu:9 ukarrbpvfo ax;n)f. ,4 a ,)7dfpaired wiopu vf,uafgqrr7b n:), )9 a.xa d;4kfth the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is mos x42)wxysf2 k;emxqv9- hp wj0t likely to show resilience and the ability to with-hk)4x0 pw;fqym9xv 2 x2esjwstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a negative feedbaci1 +)5mlciqi, 1g iw vw:ou g:a)xtqw8k mechanisc, 8)g 1:q x walgwiw+ i1mq5i:vt)uiom.

  State which of the following is not accmm 1e)l7f9xni5ed9 qyomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIAx9e yem79 lf) idq15nm).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sections of the a wl 118cl1j 4pczhssix26 wc;yrea depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of s; 1jl c84yw1zcplx hcs6iw12 one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define susrl31v(9lb tikmk+ *x9u 9hpo v o6j7xftainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of nfn6 6v16 ue ub0.g aqa5jqmc;ecological goods that can produce naturalfbn566vq a6c uj.um n1g0;eq a capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental cauo0;gxu4 bxjlsx8 ( 7kpacity vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a majc fnlkl- 9*3n(, oloasor construc(-, l oocl39lfksnna*tion project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capit35ed2vz *r9wbvx+d o la $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which tg*k8)fwu3m n the factor is not correctly paired with how it affects sustainabil kgmt83wfun* )ity.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that hj.+vjb oq13zis not a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per x;tk1 c3hir;fcapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered annwkb6q q h5ut95w:*k pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdp8h5vo +/*tl*cb zzczl k:.r zoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of;g*t imf fa999q;mqpfg wn19q measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, Inq8 r q+jskk y2u.so*. a/uygn tky8-1ndia, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in 1oqar8u+nuqjk8 ny 2* kgs./yykt -s.the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and the4gd j* .mu80ezi lqees ) tv0quu-8, jjez/g2j example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DD xfh.4ow6b) ti9ucxn /T):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capitar-upyiq7is/vx3 u,x1n 6an .c $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at s at e:tya*4ug) 0ac8cpb)9hrPalmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 20 v0x)v-(a x+jdm igha+g5(1aei-mt b f19




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per wq)ahd 8i be;+capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.