Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environmental5 aflfozz1vqz35) f9n 6j tnh: value syste:1 ojafnv n5f f)tl9z5qhz z63m:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a wash.wh3yb)p4xrc g54pkshklp0 ho , d 631famk (ying machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental valuepk*xpw52 zz5fim2lj: +xhy1n systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the f25 p5f+pkh l2nx*: yzjzwm 1ixounder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marxy g);/k4hi +hc/jyq nt4xdr )ble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement t del0foy1ut. i xb6--xhat is a priority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value systehbou f -/; cjyl*3,4hrwbrtl;m


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right whale42r ynw4ad/cm b u dg-sc4vx )try(5+ps


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental3 kx kldv:wzh /z7d45u;g jy0:td0bhp value system.What is input and ol7b kk;3vwdh5h:zpt0y 4zg ddu:j/0xutput?

  Determine which is the best definition46tmqu; m;dry for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for dev9kt. ) syq bilw88d2qk mve2 *vroxzy83j:m7c eloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrip29z,,huuh/lrp -;,jzy n 5e5bohh xensic value.

  Identify which of the following stj, :tl9w va/gbatements is most closely associated with an anthropo ab/w,j :9lgtvcentric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (2018)iw ,/p4hq g a470bzji: 6mtn rlt1vfn.




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Sublifsxp z-f *qj)51q. mmit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. Sh1ffjpl5- )q*. iz xqsbe asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai 6p ca2xvnyx s.+y-:qs






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of 5n(tn 7nz) a0ypur9;s2 cpj noinfluential events that shaped our modern view of environme(rct pu5a7;njn2zyp )n90osnntalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn8e;qoe7s ysn3 systems

  Identify the exchangel:q.ghf*r,0xfpasiun 5agx 8*2 mmgh9 o2m9z s that a closed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developik g(10sf7td:a-h oej png an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help peoplxoo--o,(qts c e understand complex wxooqc, -o-(t sorkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms o;5*xf,e idof for investigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about (ceu3 it uwcevn20c0; a systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carb82;x32v 3 lf dvakvxhbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for 2c1my jmuc(plw6.0 ntdeveloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following idf) qlki23sph vj78 m4s not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbon we7p)tj7yp f;cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram oa2 oc9w 49hjmbf a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequest :up6ja.,b tiiration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，Outpu l km,sseo)f/-t ，Both input and ofo lek ,s/m-)sutput？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transfor/zuwqv uo; 44rmation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedback loopod p,zd6nmax *rx2:z+s...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping poi++jj 5,le,evefk dpa4nt.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and its preyxp+08;xmi o 6nek1dd,q eitgq/* -xb c




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not cdzod;l,*;xbd orrectly paired with the exam z,x*;ldo;ddbple?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage i3+w ubvk gk1mv oe1s7:n succession that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withstokvk 1us+mw1:ev 3gb 7and changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a negative feedback a0 :j zfc,vtl-mecha0 zv-flcat,j:nism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Envirx:y9o(28-sq2 j jvossg: fauionmental Impact Assess(yq 9suviafosx2jjog-: 2 8:sment (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sections of thei6po5tavty1tyn9p,yvn-y - w; rkm,4 area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year t v mn -pon6,y;y4y95i1ttpwv-ray,k it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect thaun5tq 4dqff ,w:lt. g .-bmyu9t does not define sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of ecological ;hqd h:f 5x)zbll;(ov7 zt li.goods that can plho:fbx5li; )dtq(z l h7vz ;.roduce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource consumptionxlp86n v.-x oa58bd qe




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually g,c2+vpghi s l + .3nhdr+iz2zcarried out before a major construction project is undertaken. Ou+2.i 2 zdgvz3 pr++,ncihlsg htline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capitax an*fyhc17q3 no .)kn $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired w,.bm4 gekk ys-ith how it affects suss eyg,m- 4b.kktainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a q3:g b tl7 jz86vc;e:r zlt3qeway to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capit+khx. pj0od4p*( a3jcb;mcfu a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered a pollutantb5wl l:bo*zsd8f )8yi.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollutwtap1hi mje(* g :,)mnxn yy5(ion vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of mk*ey6692+exk kg5 xg oc(lqna easuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Car3rx9v y nib q*nj.fs09bide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the firn9 y rsbxj0i9*v fqn.3st few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and the example.rlu/)bp7-lhn;i :d+-r xcfl b
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DD7air)3ppczr) sul b;+T):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per ca gq)q jj( bsds2(nled 4dp(.h3u qj,w+pita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinlww*/s pb /u*nvt/q ;0dir9ehc in seawater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollu dq:jubi s7n(9y:z q9dtion vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per cakm pce/czf0 6;pita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.