Suggest which of the following might infl+vu b d/cay7:uzd 1;zhuence a person’s environmental value systezv a /:;1u7u+ybhdcz dm:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing mache)t/ck(5 mkpxine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value ijq*t: kn5c.s systems is most likely held bnc k:*t.ijsq5 y Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Maa// dnffhm rb()av+2 erble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priori6h+xt/ lp(9n)7luao*y7q 9 gpvml hdyty in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems modelv1p9)q:0d7 zt uqwzvf for developing an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about Norli(dx,j )/ ygau 4vte2th Atlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.W .wty if-w wp3*+1tf oht3:nfghat is input and outpu.tf3 +gti f-pwtn1: 3h yfw*wot?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘env2; .9k gboo :qlzmdm8bironmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value systowi y) 1*orte6em





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrin0mk 6k;p ngpe9sic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely asso hz6ace j/hef+- wsoci7 k+2fm8c08abciated with an anthropocentric envir+a268cjc/- 7hmfawbs cf zeki+ o80eh onmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climd*c v khdyu6mmn9. ,gs4i8t *mate in Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Sus/hx;)y eaw 3immit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you d wx)3ei;y/ahs on’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maath usa 74tj*tb:2rpbq3hai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of i0160p5u 9la yqgwyo a zif:k6cnfluential events that shaped our modern view of environmewcu 96aiqzfka lgyp:o00y156ntalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn systems 0apcv7all m (*

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system ms hitsjg((w- (r tq55vakes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmm9i8yy /rdqy (ental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people understand-oa,peh bh)m6d ih+yj 7 -glr. complex workings. hlh-.ej+d-m)gi r pboy6h a,7
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating aoewvz rflsbu93g 822 v b8ru2/n aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about vvq)eg-od.tok)2 s1 0.6wu-gbh q93 wfytfnsa systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified modp s6mfaiur0 :cu*q) f6el of the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value system b1l qqo: t+hy0y9xw)x





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true +u7h9lz-4khqsb)4 w9caw qiyof a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the caoyuy6ro8 to ;9rbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a hb3yd( akz)u16 ic7u fii, l9+eq u0tntree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestrati(bs2 czzuuxb0 p6s 5q;on of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . rt lxd(q*v0y7 what it Input ，Output ，Both input and outputvd(r*tq70 yl x？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an exampx)+ ylx6grw r*d5h5h rvl9d8q le of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedbn.2::bia g qdpack loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an o7t .6a,dnajk ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator (5 j2zo4zvv a),7qrblw ,yr pxand its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedbad (tei4 uo7purjvs(k, n2ij69ck is not correctly paired with the examplevj 247p(9kisno,ju t(urie 6 d?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resilienceh.gr; g2q8l;hn2jxtkw-e0zn 0 6kz n x and the ability to withstjx2kzgk6;.hnlh 2q;-0g xrt0w 8eznnand changes.

  Determine which of the follo0a9l4ryv/ wg- -vwd mvwing sequences is an example of a negative feedback mechanismw0lvagywv4/d -v rm-9.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an :.4lfn( / bhs3aei m5c7 ppldgEnvironmental Impact Assessment (EI35dcp:sg.n l/7( mleh4fba ipA).

  In a small wooded area, trees ar3ycuz/ *-q dkre cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomassd3rq zuy/-*k c of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainabilbw m038+mzekt -w+eck ity.

  Which of the following would not faf/;s*hd0p r ldll under the classification of ecological goods that can produce natural capi/0df* dh l;rsptal?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacio ur*ci,*r7 t(fln 9zcty vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a 8cy7m1bsif):1jtg 4r mc uc)qmajor construction project is undertaken. Outline the 1) :r jmmu 1f) 78btqcysg4ccibasic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per ca+yr(*(q rn00w jf usuwl,wh- mue9l1hpita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paire:opk //xa0odfo 86md hd with how it affects sust08/p koahxodmf: d 6o/ainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase sustai jc,ao (nml/a4kn8nag (jn)/lnability.

  Figure: Average per 5h6:qj haqx)q um .nros16tx0capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the follo ug-iwxj9q5h6 wing is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates r bz4el v2/ 2x:cnmcz+from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuring ./r3unn;s7.w p8v pn,wtoijm pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, Indkesu(:exmr (p:hv+ ; xyu03 vgia, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disxheu( yrvx(um0ek: +:g vsp ;3aster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and tfcs 6e8iv jv ,*y 8f+rs.dnep6he example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyk uut )-2xg*).j7 iix, rcgdofltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capit7fhn75b0qr si3 jyv0 fa $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at dun 11sab5-iyPalmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP l,0 sl(g/lwa8ha::8 1;pfla 4 rlx.ckwccinwper capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per ca/6 ucpqh tp3u h0nr1;hpita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.