Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environm0gmzr1d*ke * wental value syrzw*m*gde0k1 stem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a/rk+w j8 21o o jamow*u:qeo,b washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value symewu6d) /w dp,ta5wy .stems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla au.tm, 6dpa wd ewyw/)5nd Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble"hoat a+yn 5j+)uisl 2 rl i -zo..k3,mlu)o0kt




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priorityss8 rh9 a+n(+g 0e di-mlnnq-m in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value sys(p:t uhawu 89gc3 p znm0g wzys+:q(7dtem


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right q4,v0c ni fd*(pc2tu -o+ib4eeyie m7 whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an envinf0b.attd30i l l rvrc5*l4t;ronmental value system.What is input and oun3vill*tcf5atl.; 0tb 4r dr0tput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value system’ (1trv*s-yj web0f ;9e xEVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environm q:0yo6xhov5dental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that zweac 5nsm9: :the environment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the followi rxi8b b26(oc/sx d5en;x n/uyng statements is most closely associated with an anthropocentric environm bxy/oi2xude5 /6;sr ( ncnx8bental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (2018y:wou,pf 6wv 1)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit i0e bk4zu. qmu)ouv/4c n Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. zuc0qm) .44v/uuko ebShe asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathado* qv* ez((eri






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our g6vt:p35 4 ;y )+uieakyfpnqu modern view of environmentaav k)4 p;ef:ypn ugyui+ 6q53tlism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correc a-tty r4a 31tyof40e8j xr,obtly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with tp6e r a/wn0wx5he environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for dev0c:mfygp ,-maeloping an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people understand co gug; o-xym ej.1.k9ak 6yyc4rmplex workijk ggx m-y6.4auo;.9yr ecky 1ngs.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic food chain m(ihzz cesmh1.a/hzrv t +-hd54) 1y o




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a sys9/,or+hrbn:1:2iq qhcd akg xtems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cyc:kfdc,w u9:mc le




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model fo .cvms8 bezux9a y/i()c ,a2vdr developing an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a syst d;59 j(bmhvvzems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the cp. s,.r4jev6ncddno4h 4ey3 g arbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a trep7ex 5qax6 gu6bm .py-e

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a 1 n5(bwt nh -e2sy+7o( jvxj6 p vf75iykij+dksalt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it 6yzuj.4bcq hd te j3*5Input ，Output ，Both input and out 56b*zuj4qt3j.c dye hput？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an exampleh z *i4o 3nxmx6)hv:5e2bxmw6vpiz j, of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedback loop5i 5 tkxy5myg1s...?

  State which of the following is lfvxr 4n 1h/etv,odu82 ikely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and its preyzj/7ef 1:a atf




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following opti nry afcxe7 sy*nmxm3.+(q1;lons about feedback is not correctly paired with the example?srq(mycxl31+m7 nyf .*nex; a

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession txn6eg8 72wrla hat is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withstand c l2xn6er a8gw7hanges.

  Determine which of the following sequenceyg5h,k 71- vvd** uus4w mfnbms is an example of a negative feedback mecmb*1f k5hn*vuy dmv- ,gw7s4uhanism.

  State which of the following is nojcu +*lyue/zk:1fn j +t accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessment (jj*nfce+ l:+z1u/yu k EIA).

  In a small wooded are3/ypk,tbl/fv-w4u4 v f s6uo ea, trees are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the6u34t v skb-of/uel wyp/ ,4vf sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainab)v1+vn:s mthv +n2eiiility.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of ecolowe4kp*sn iapqz7a+4ep boiv 9o;;50 mgical goods that can produce natpv;peip0 nm4w9boa o4 k;+qe is5 z7*aural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capa,/1evtgdh g neh2b g8 c:p4a:ncity vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmentaltj .lvb*eknemx+c 5qmb +n j:* 0ym)w( Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a major construction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an)ek0mx wmt *v b:+nn.qlm(5beyj* jc+ EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per cap1e)mq( uc o2 ea0jho8cita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the fact oc():/eox y mkyxz7a3or is not correctly paired with how it affects sustain kzxc:3 o/a (xey7yom)ability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase sustainabili :ud+d,b8n. f n vurhzgtpe2ec w.;c40ty.

  Figure: Average per catyisdyrpf c)gd+x ),f2o ,m)(pita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not consideredvzh*i)8 m)70qac u ces a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from oute3or( 1l5rmj0 u0gw 1b fu;nmydoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method ofa,mc (;*qgwm wq y:ho7 measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopm* jls88um(ymzp)nt ls aq8z/qg r-x. d;* s5oal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the stgm8d *u z 8ysrlp ; )o5z*a8l./nmsxqq j(m-first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term a;9t5in f ev -slj-mq;h3sh.z3cip u -rnd the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane -vo1s8,bq0vp8ygo tg (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capitwb0n uhg2 v17ea $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmira Bea t(d/evf4 :xumch







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outds x/fm2e 0ijh*oor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per c wjlmx77u)e:m apita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.