Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environmentaayf ,8 0buuir+s20sv leypk+5 l value sy08pe2rku 05a+i,l+ fbvuys s ystem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency labe2kv y9qvi7ad 2l for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the followingx)r1t yz)xz kfcgsn:8ho) - x7 ::ikol environmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the fokoh)sz:-zf :7 ycnk1:gtxxixl r ))8ounder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Ma/7khisabd46xu l-u+ 3p+qx gcrble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a prp: brtif vvnx a6x0 l1 *zm51mu0,w3oriority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental vofu4k2 l ru8;bpd6wi0 alue system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about Nn; mj)* fota;0 sjlnk9orth Atlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.What is 4 tb-ra 1dyj2finput and outputryt -jd1abf2 4?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental valuv *n2axqhu8 zh2yq r ;wdx39f43+i zfye system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developinqj 3zznblv+ 4-xrs0vw/. s 2pug an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea thab)gsua2y( x +wt the environment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely associated withy u(mjqa0a)( q ut:7tg an anthrop0(q utj(u)y qaa7mt: gocentric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (2018)k17k72x n easi 4md)wa




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl,al/)m; kbmjdp1 b5a rga) -ua2 Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop k-ap /agb);2umamjr )b5d1la breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai y :m a huf5g47hq3cgq;






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential evekh)9z2:, o wt5 ipe(d xnt,ietnts that shaped our modern view of environmentalism: onw2xet:t 5p iezdi,) 9 ,htk(

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctl trl*l o4d2ysx t6p,a2 cxz8/vy drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges tha 6cf ygxcn7(l ,6e)cuft a closed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental6ah6p9v 08j*x giytqj value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality c vxic0il 3,n:ezv 14rused to help people understand complex workings. 13 vncilr4xe zi0,:v c
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigp16l(c p4vxfuating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement abo+rf in:vdg):wut a systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cyck.ez. j emc rf2z0)ekuz2+8ddle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental valuelt:/ p :6dp)rfnfvoe + z5dd1t system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is vxfomzni / )q.jy27g4 not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the cax6ka1h5)f1ecyuylgk*ool lxf 8.38 hrbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a t:to v(w xohaktebr g5 hut qq8/.3e3,.ree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a sq7 ph6r/ hzk74 pe2 4ohyvunu9alt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，Outp(ci a5l9 .zeje40q.fw8vjmu++mh9 gs ti(xxn ut ，Both input and output？ h xfjs4ivxz w9mg.e e5ctq(mju. +8n09a( i+l



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of th lbx*6 .z4mx t5l5bx+tgi;ouf e following is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negmgawrwo)g 8 ;(je ;/clative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely z1j el1b p3afj0gm1z- to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a p);n 22yjf kmzfkdft+ep/h y;;redator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not f6x,ldhqw9. iqz1 (c qcorrectly paired wlw1d,q9h i6q.qf xz c(ith the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to shorlox(6rq5ax f.- wix/w resilience and the ability to withstand cha .(q/x irow5 lfx-xa6rnges.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example wj/wzi51b( kk.udd 5iba10pqg b9s a6 of a negative feedback mecha zd.i b51j 5k 9ba /wksbiadwu106gpq(nism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assegw)3c -t0s yd xavs5n 3l7c9sx-j3qxdssment (E 0wlqy5-stnccxd9)3s-gsax3d3jxv7 IA).

  In a small wooded area, trees aro6286b6 yikvpfg3b t,tn;h pg e cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it ivikt8gp62th3 o 6bfg ,n;bp y6s 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustain tc: h,,ehkyhfq+d uy 7 .ko3)si8iz1pability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of ecologica4y k)n es(rm2, sj:dvpl goods that c()n2dv k ep 4r:j,myssan produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource co3n(5 a1 wdcdkinsumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually jvu (co/qo10nr y is;3beu4d0carried out before a major construction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an e /4j0 oy(0;b odsnqvu ru13icEIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capit1gz.)yq05(xnp sy9i+ kjxbrn,mt 3ld a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctl6 2,cw x q:a u,r0sck5ohz,bvry paired with how it affects sustainabh :r56ob, u,qv asx,cw 2cr0zkility.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a wayuzll52ij4drf (lv h ou;io(/tk46+k s to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per ca- lj4 (x)7ofdb: 6p;z(un;n pkejib ckpita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the follow *rs- r.ftdn8ning is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 20z 7agrk2utr (cnysy9,8n6l x519


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuring pollutionalu(dz- e.t ;j.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of htotjc pw:s 33r e.,4:tri6s se 3e4tnmethyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days aft4r6i ts htw3jpe:s re.et,ot n4s3c3: er the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match te6:a*cwb( e 0i- mgu3y+fr ty,euve )whe term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dich0 ;b+rmt*pnh oyxny0 9k2v- inlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capy.d6tie2s.e g++juh2+ znayx ;v zjh3ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmiyg0xim ;3a/c c d;k0q/zv*bxfra Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollu2xmeo9oe2;j* e+ccw1 wl8lphtion vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capitase)t6z(*wxtk( h 3 obq;u4pfl $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.