Suggest which of the following might influe*2 p 5go+g-qu,ml bdrqnce a person’s environmental value syst g,5ql2ogqm*dr pu+- bem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency l,.qwb 6 fnk oc,y8xc4gabel for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental vam q b5ca 1;dwld k(wz)1e2-ghalue systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder oq e5a-l zwcg11;bwhkmda) (2df Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble"tmn6wah st.p bm,;657u:e q jm




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentrist w yztm/xh+a198hd .ifworldview.

  Figure: Systems model for develop c1en6bch 14s2mpn8sdnq)y9r ing an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic rj:ru sfa;j h9(ight whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value sys8r 2-)j(ovzpodxfk gj1 )ce; x4 gapq.tem.What is input and outp ;4aegj-kx) jpx8 v2cr )f.1zo oqd(gput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value syudn0.jk ht/ 6u:)e 9a5krkecbx6ri8kstem’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an 6zk v49s-m8 w czgh6bnenvironmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an itxjgrw4bd s o7t75 n:5n )bhp,ntrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following .zsl/v2 vv+kvstatements is most closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental value system.zv+2/ skl.v vv


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Clim*+ ygb,3wrqua ate in Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at ;**0bp3dcyjf ju dbm72h(ewcthe Earth Summit in Rio in 197;3( jdfum*ycjbed2 0*b chpw92. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maatha(9 )d :iyxkfs t/ry*ori






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shapemr0h8,ra -++5c 827jbwh e7o9rd eiwf oxp sqzd our modern view of en -+j+de7rfhxb s o8hri,rq eazop5 m ww792c80vironmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn syc/rxu fbx; m,2jsln 5)stems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system ma +n wf1mtgnul)5 f)sa.kes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmentaeu64x,hqqd 5 ol value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of realihexe:-:yq6p,t fm i;ity used to help people understand complex wo:x,typi- h6 f; qm:eeirkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for inves(c1b.d 9wtchltigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systemshi*)8)ntaoy/ fem*sz2ex+icvz+ ef : diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of thlvk /eyrt -u1.e carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems moc3e7r+ 4pq nykdel for developing an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is noudgz7y6 lgg6u gm2 iph- e177ht true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of cav 1m:krap4j2yegkq wj01 htip/)o79x rbon through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram;kw( c96:ivn+t;wdio sx2u0mk d j, uy of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a salt marb0xy+g0f zj,/qu , f.5sme dzbyd58xmsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it c:i1xh9z 148uda 7 pnaky ak8lInput ，Output ，Both input and output？:acuiy k7kd x4lzah9 p1a8 n81



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the followizol:7 aqn b1+ fey4q.vng is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedback loops..y55e8jxcwio,e7k mq:jj6k 9z rp s6.d.?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecodd lsf0 /4q3dqsystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a preda5:yit o89 htw+(kidmktor and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not correctly paired piz:gg6jyj tafa1,-s2ke2g9 with6gyfi,g2za- k1e:tg2p 9a j sj the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likelf:c m4)ii.sb ey to show resilience and the ability to .ec)s4fiim b: withstand changes.

  Determine which of the fo0i) mgegd7mm* llowing sequences is an example of a negative feedback mecha idm*0 gmgm7)enism.

  State which of the following is not c-.vjd be0 y*nr/vbv.bu:e2 aaccomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessment (veb nc j0.byd*:.-b/v2eavr u EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are ct e 6g,una1mys ;*bhkt*4jm jul4w8 u:r+nf)gut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods ;ktugs1f,: tmjlh+ 6*nrny*448ba) mu w ejguis 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustaw 3 1hnd2pbbowb6hw( )inability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification o9.6llv6l c)jgownex; -4 lf qnf ecological goods that can produce natural f x6-4nl6glc9.loqv ;e)jnwl capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource consudtha9 .tu/jlc-pou- ;mption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Asscfc*8 :jqr)nxessment) is usually carried out before a major constrjc* cfnr)8q: xuction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capita ,mmtq:ggmn g-g .mi5( $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired with how i/bnafbes)z :( 9uk+1qcg 1itjt affects su si9b ujnctz/e(g) :aq1k+1fbstainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase sustainabilityfx98t/ vt teuqnzd65 nq *g/-z.

  Figure: Average per caivk2xij8,x-t, cb d,rpita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered a polluta +6k1mwuedue. nt.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 201kn c- lsm3jvp)gwr .9:9


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of meas3/dk7 seyv 1euuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of m*fxh n,t kq(7gethyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disast,*g(q7fk n xhter.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly matc: +g) 1g+7z jptpxhjcoh the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichbo-x- x 2p0f;po-nept c95ukpn0c7l kloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capaeczeao9; 7sl tn)p 91ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmihres,9srxjwda9*/z c5a 9ao;0izhe9 ra Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from /ap r+ ej p2vbfn2-.tzoutdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capz2ard 2 b m0je9et.bw:ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.