Suggest which of the following q- tib3dc7hvyf5 *4z tf3eu(8itw0r g might influence a person’s environmental value sys-cztvyt*f8th 4wb iid fqe3u (g0r573tem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washiizl pf62f s r/n5h)2lwng machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the follow/ 6mvsy5yyx 4ozpx1+j ing environmental value systems is most likely held by /6xm+1v4ypo 5yszx yj Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marb.puk,ng4 op4xx lvu )9le"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in .(amc qbu 45h*bw4vufa technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental va- cbgb3n,o efds:3f(w5)gw oglue system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about Nowsv;56q wus l2rth Atlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental valueoa f90q xo)w-z system.What is input and oxq0zf9-owo) autput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value system’ 8iesu b)fn.t+ ,.aesc(EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an envirtds s vz yo5on:2g62br69b m8q3hnc;jonmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsib+k 87tmg6uqu1rq so*ru 7 uq+c value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely assa +5luuhnw q--l/e50ewgp 8q jociated with an anthropoc q ul-0qne+h58-gl5juww/ea p entric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (2ym t;9s lge7m9018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Sev 3vvvc-gap2 ; 5pn86njj.j hxfern Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her homegn;-f j62v phv .jp83nvc ax5j in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai -rsi8iush / 2n






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that sn9+jlo cp+o-fl4 z 9dihaped our modern view of environmentalism:c9df+nojl9-+o ip4zl

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is no :cv9or;bze8kt a correctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a chb x0k ct a,d5g:-mx7jlosed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for dw e m5q4wv6df0 (zn0rbeveloping an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people understan2yc er q7qgzp(ldw4p dw,r9 1kb4daw82( l 2wcd complex ww8zd4l2 p9krdpaw41 y q(e q(wcr,cg 227blwdorkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for invesb8rd0su0m x: s47akbxj i04 f5h )vkxuw7k t2ktigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems / um oct8od (;(t)dkaddiagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cycpmeovvle fonz* 29u4g4 ;:pc9 le




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for dedj .jr;zouv +/;ikbv 6cpuyg-nj5: 8aveloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the follow+g y ew/ho6/gging is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbon cyp3 g qkbwa:6va+-lsra,21g (ktxto2i cle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree6p.wfe)y+*e(*vop lt k l.,sapcsh 4m

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon seque b4 si3*5vtan/avr4hq stration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a+wlz(wvz . oj mkq6(n 0ju3d7g tree . what it Input ，Output ，Both input and outpujl(dzo.znw3 +g 7vw(06jmq kut？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following f r)w8vgag50l is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback ro3ogjs bf:4+ cs 8*3objb1 liloops...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecofl1j v6w 0w 1an,a. cvqg8fyj.system to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and its prey v8szlyl uoe/cl5.xw17 gv5:x




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following optiv2de94yk5i:i+y jr okons about feedback is not correctly paired with the example?eydik v i:kro4 +y25j9

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resix )(rb ced1zf/ey)g3w lience and the ability to withstand chang 3 /)fbwrc(edg) zyx1ees.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a :12+ueu 1fr1mmztdjh negative feedback mechanismmerduzm+121 hf:u1t j .

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Environmental Impacz -. 8rqq7ccq.emh9gzt Assessment (E7.. h qcgqq-er z9zcm8IA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sectionj0l mu*jyd.mtb*(, y ugwr0b3s of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of d(mb.wmb00j jy3g,*yuutr*l one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define susta7/33 byofbzvn s-k3wp inability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of ecolo yut-whe hgg;y(5(z/a gical goods t t5 /hhyz(;uwe(yagg- hat can produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource 3*+y cxme51-hxywm 3rj avu-tconsumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is u:2 kk4xkuf.u ksually carried out before a major con 2f:k ukkku4.xstruction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per captu strko8t36 u+d yv03ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factorw*ij8pkh8,6 e kdtv :b is not correctly paired with how it affe pk:td6* ,8ivkh8jew bcts sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that r e+-,q h07xdkvg -ihqis not a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per :,zespk 80nhu capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered a pollukfpy521i-b f utant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollutipj z e3kkkuik)6b*.5u on vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct mecdz*2t2bk)fb/7p;trig9p s b )yksyal x0d,;thod of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methcbf*;v;tn 4 toy)egyqz43t 9 iyl isocyanate gas into the air.v4 ito3e*4 gycy) tbt;qfn9 z; Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly matchy 0 ov3c*igs0v the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that zm-*rj .cw4b:-j o2jh7v hzzu are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per c1f 0crk0l. 9s otegsdas gx+/)apita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater4v6.6hqxz/pz v8hcx r at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 20193k04gy.u b tns




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capn,b3fe/w8x1hic0 azxita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.