Suggest which of the folc-os g-r2a tfw+i.*l rmv5aegqh;,4g lowing might influence a person’s environmental value system:.5 wc-ehrta ,fvgg2o;iq4*a-ls gm r +

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a wr ,h, h+tp rm:k1x;yqeashing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is most like3 n)t loqpj)m 50 mvx y3wx.r8.fxg*dily held by Elon Musk, the founde)j*nf g 8l 0x5 omv xwy)rm..3qt3pdixr of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble" a:jjxvxy9t6*hua 4g2




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statementza;xphgcyxa*0 9.n r)rbd.r: that is a priority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an 548yd/epz -jr/ rn* pgp3bclxenvironmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic r,15ra r8ax k js7zsd2gight whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an outpues/f6uy9u 5eqv m 0v49h5pkrzt of an environmental value system.What is input and ou9v4ez/509 puh5yrske 6fu vmqtput?

  Determine which is the bestp)w3+w fed 6ts definition for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an en;nmgkck ,du jq26/ne8- twob4vironmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has ail6e)qp4 .(g7ghm ls an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely associat2f 1ne u1ccvf.byh6 x,ed with an anthropocentric environmenxycbc2nffu,6.e1 hv1 tal value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (201*crh a(8f 4 ilp k/oo,y+ymqwpi o8.ql)k 0c.i8)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn S/ w efqfkfxkh8:yr+-4/ ciy*xuzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she sawe:k xfi8yr4/x w-k/y+hf f*qc around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maat s(3u/tc4ovbw rhz8p +hai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of ini ;8 dzrexm 3yw(yyvz:x8,8ssjmv 0. rfluential events that shaped our modern view of environ:0ryvev.mwr yx8is y8x3m,dz s ( j8;zmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn systems e.9+dkm s kkz*bsv8 m:

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system make)rxz2f9z7r7d c)bmdd yd/:yis with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value sysqqwa(cl6ek(z4x( hl yo10al-tem



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people understandg 3z0 0+byta3kzau ;mf complex 0bt;za0zy 3amuf k+g3 workings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aqua.le1q sv8mm gbh l,qf7tl,41ptic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a system oqk5nvhh;. ktr wt;/-h +efq+s diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon .y2f5 c lb8.v8 c)oe,day31vmi2qlttlead5 e cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for devnxju/v 480qf gqa)m o-eloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the cf (ub)/tso3r5vi hyo nc1:g8following is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon p wo8)6:tplvg through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a trea 7thl,txq / o70v.nbze

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestr 3n(5v7dajb97 / 0n2cafu0cxhxhvzfv ation of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，nzzx-uksq9 (t de8+w 6Output ，Both inpuxes-wqt und6kzz +9 8(t and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following o,i jf 3 p:uevx(,rvs7is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedback lo6pxw 5kf: jf.y5evn 3sops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tippil3q9uraeuv7ak ,-1rf)i2v (nplz dl0l f x+,xng point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and 0fe e2gs c-)gif )w1 in.qp9aui cad-3its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not correctly paired w 0ny k.u7trvaat-j0 +with t0 t yk0ut+nrvj.a7a-whe example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession;5pin yuw00 lz that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withstandlpy5 ;i 00uwzn changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example ofpe, eny s-jj87 a negative feedback mnpj e,j -ys87eechanism.

  State which of the followinn cr(+6fuedhz bvfen.3jt (:( g is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessment (EI6n hd( uez3.j(:t(+bfvrncfe A).

  In a small wooded area, tre/p( ftgpaasej(d6) d3es are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year an(s/fepg )a(add 6j3ptd the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define su7;n0)tq2 gp3eszzdac vc;0uxstainability.

  Which of the following would nor8qim4fr0ix, sx86 bk b8wh2pxd0 f. st fall under the classification of ecological goods that ca4ifbr.d,x kprbsximf6swh0888 0q2 xn produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource cons0tezi m/5o 3.wea ha8kumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out bef1z8 xgbw6 i*ufu- 0pkpmsb +d4ore a major construction project is undertakeixd40ukb p* -8f1+z6gpb w usmn. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per c kp; o/a+gxrs(apita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly pa+ cfu4v.oc u-onmoz5wq:s(v) ired with how it affects sustainabiliums v o)cuzn4qo-( w.f +v:c5oty.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is nc-j f f8hp 8esl6o4./ubi/xk yot a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita ;*.ey 2 cihpjy $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not 6l9rkpp ,fvu5o r*3n0b+ltxgconsidered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs.:8 ulygr544bwxav*t b 7g a-jc GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method t y656llk4:nseli2:uy bs4o bof measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of metvt5,rsgx) 1vcbf 0j9f hyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days 9bf g5fj,)svv0tx 1crafter the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctlypx3)y.q svxu2 match the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichloro/erpc8n /*a6+; ecxa o n db)o2ome.tgdiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capita:p60 n:ikq s/ksf):qiiqe dv 3 $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in x9 9. 0cwch:. zi j6e.6ko;arqeqbcsxseawater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates fro9m- 1m upaicq0m outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capit(e xn t t20;;e )tqikgm)t5hiea $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.