Suggest which of the following might influence a pes 8pua04ivjbnx tk;;.cgf 3 o8 h+.rryrson’s environmental value systemnu 4vth 0 a x3i;pbfj8s r8crk.o.yg+;:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing machinexqh0xqni 1 3y0 /fj8r, 6bxlyu


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environls1 jyg06rq.lmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of j0qs.61yg ll rTesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble"b z m(ry/n8h(w




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocen /ehqjs)7u6 y yjy8uf)trist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developii(,dqr*z,8 z v/wbl 8(n:l*zxcg dnkc ng an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right whale 8zr-hdzuft) 7 2 anh/+dhg.pns


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.Whatf,z2+opk(g t( hmsjyg 7pf 45b is input and ou 7bg+ (k24yzsg p tf(hmp,fo5jtput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environme 6 hjjv w+3bf)x/shooth7)jq* ntal value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for develc pdzw;i-e+v f52fsu9v0igc (oping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environmen jkjl7qb1of 6.bnl(v+ i3 a*fnt has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statemodnss h9 gupo2w:6 z2;ents is most closely associated with an anthropocentricg2 p;26osoz:nwh u ds9 environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (gde9ddnip2e u 7ypw z..a n (;u.h12ff2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 18k 1gvaeg;n 7tnav1; t gke78g992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai yk( wd7x,i5yq






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that3q t )o9 7zd./acsjmova an,c. shaped our modern view of9omvc)zs /7 .a tqcjd.o3a, na environmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctlya.yg4)c 38z) p;glgovi 2lb qt drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges thaw;14 hgybal 51gf bzj -1ror4ht a closed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model 1u 3zzkqy :unw4dglm:bsv4 8,61zi) 6 b yzxdyfor developing an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help z 8 raaoq:q.0rndj2+ ;g9i vz9wu.zgopeople understand complex r;v a.o+zgu.0 :woa9z9q z8i2 rgjqdnworkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for invu nsq :)fu hx)2xw9jf3estigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems n1 h4v5h,pjl ediagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cycle, geya 7tk,/ww




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for develn 6e s w iawr.8*0ky:.q9knitnoping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not trqs4mok, .gr-kue of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through zv8h zu32 fpt5the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram ofm6ml)v 0dk su 5v,b.cd a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestrationw6c.m q;m7 f w98dal9spxeam0 of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram 1/ihiv +y zbgik 1;zrcrv2 yp2zu/j(1of a tree . what it Input ，Output +h1 kgicp zib(iu;1 zvy v122y/zjr r/ ，Both input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the*kygybig 2)q9 following is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative fej0gx.vv 27 obpxxe- (ie 5dm6ia +v4jredback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosysrkpl*n,m6y 319f bto ztem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator andd) -19fknpe+yv0zvuhzu ;sxj :g j 5.rna4,ed its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not correctly pax 5wb(ave ts/9ired with the examplew va(s/9b 5txe?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resilience ana)8un4wao ,mt d the ability to withstanw4an8 o)m,u atd changes.

  Determine which of the follow3co*;(lwssr oivu jemz0o,6c,j- u2uing sequences is an example of a negative feedback mecu;czo*v- roj jlu,sweco3(0m6i2us, hanism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by c9bmia :-y)jecyq0q 6dxuau / ,n)e(qan Environmental Impact Assessment (ia/- )mju:an9bxecy 60yuq qeq,)c (dEIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different secti/ r*l.wcq ; ;ze/qhchmons of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.cmh /rq;/ w zqh;*elc.

  Identify the aspect that does nd h9fcqa8d 8 vdtxv*;7ot define sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classifice9 ddb/co6j:evbzvz 5*g(we -ation of ecological gooe b6: (zjze evo*d9-gbwvc d/5ds that can produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource consr ivwxx wt /1,oq393)2klbuonb( ew9pumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Asslp/t b0kxi2+ ,um-s1h)lyqy zessment) is usually carried out before a major construction project is undertakeny- pym sl+zl/10txh,)2q uk bi. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capiq9 p(y)q:hqgdta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the jxx/h *6kl:nkp 2 ta:wfactor is not correctly paired with how it affects sustainabp t:*xx/nlj:6akkh 2wility.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase sumuu4*y2 a* qfpstainability.

  Figure: Average per capitaac8ubt+8: ut5 h.vvzz $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the followiycksr3 7 (7etmng is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollut9n pqdw70fpx9bxs* h (w)0lhdion vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of meesyg4p hm(dk ,fp/0. vasuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plck6qdjb*n.m r m0 qn*,ant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of pj ,mqq 0mk*c6*dbn. rneople died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not coru0n00li h sfr67 .4p*i rvqkb0lpiif1rectly match the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodipv- 3yh gtff07chenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per cap9 isl9oolv ubsqkj, q-,9/5 chita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmira Be+lep ( w+o-htutk.obdt6+jn ,ach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP pe;h5dzj v9 xha6r capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capivp(jlghun4g / 3(3h )*xhht cbta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.