Suggest which of the following might influence a pers,g,ezslx z -edt0r)ky51+b wcon’s environmental value syste+es wrcbk )- e,ygdl 1zx,0t5zm:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for8mj( cp)e+l9f)oa ;gtmy7x;wedhm /i j()wym a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is most likely held d3 i )dtfaq:;vby Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Spacd vaif :3qd)t;e-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marblg bf*,5li85ix3typit e"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a te; itix+.d8/:xl.g gv hiddx1 gchnocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental valuc9y z rr)q8 a(06vhcbj0qpg s:e system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about N i57sqz og:wm3/dh-v aorth Atlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an en:8ydf ms3wj ai0k4 ddk*q-h(cvironmental value system.What is input and outpu3 0(d4d wimqfjs -kca*k8 y:hdt?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘envnn,wwo mi,:-f ironmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental vc6poaukl 7klo8p-wy/8 *ejx2alue system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrin rsqb96i a0 sh0;a jker32juw,sic value.

  Identify which of the fol3t3 5/lsvf2ly(t ,: c pbnzukdlowing statements is most closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental valuen/ubsy pz t :3tl5(fcv 2dk,l3 system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowiceku;o0iz7- jf5u dv4cl (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suz galwo3c,ioa, 4 n*vy-uki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about fr4,*3o,vaoayi- wnl cgom around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maatha7xw5/wuz px,t i






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our modern vieu(seo)hf)v;ipr*n b 5w of envir*hf)es i;nprb ou5)( vonmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn systemkke26 ua ye:w2) fdzpw /6wqx.s

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with the environm 1dj-el 5ob2q-mn:j i7kjmtf2 ent.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value s 7 ddu;m;iqq s,8embk/1r5k hiystem



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people un jf6h z).b/ypnv(kg z:4wz5ncderstand complex6k4.)gpyznfv/ n hw5(c:bz zj workings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aqu mywy3vxjv( 3ljjpb5k591awr l;j7;patic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement anb/0hdolb1 uc9ni 0( fbout a systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model oo:iv y0cg4s urkw9p4; 4sj0bsf the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model fp kj87j88x4r rkam(xt or developing an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not tde:ucka: 03r cylo : i-o;vd*xrue of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carboncn1;0a g)f9 vmsyu4at cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of n6n:(g2uffyra tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a salt 6abjcsdfm .b: sk:r8h 7i):js marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Inpuqs 2vuw* dw42hr bad 5.c,s+nmt ，Output da mnw5cs.h,22 +vurq db w*s4，Both input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the followinhpqng00 + qnlkfr.t9 1g is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback kv2emh *.)2vt:8ocxjyb o /* nqu.fnqloops...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecidfwvn )q.wq3y8 +kcw)hz4 w, osystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator ando1l1:)cno 2e rou*h01,ocq7ln wdex f its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options abo lp:g6fb8 :y,lbiqlymnp)0k* ut feedback is not correctly paired with the e0l:,pyb*lmb8p6:fi gl n)y qkxample?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resilience ah+xj( 0 y61ya8nulakr nd the ability to withs+x0 l6k y jar81(yaunhtand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences i9 l5 juut km4zjb;,)oys an example of a negative feedback mechanoj u)u y9;,m 54zjtkblism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by anlsj(-5mkanx f7-g vbi7t*,j 4r+e g rm Environmental Impact Asse-l r7n*a gg(xvkm-m5rj+es,t47i fbj ssment (EIA).

  In a small wooded araw* d j4gj,xdq/: c.zuea, trees are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kjwdu4/*:a gcx qzj .,dg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not dgetvxhh2 m;a+ z e jjepur(81+,u9(vcefine sustainability.

  Which of the following would now* * pxqq u2x3p1pze,ot fall under the classification of ecological goods that can p wz2u 3p*1,qexpq *oxproduce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. ldy3 +ur 5nk.(s ub-onresource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out befi12. i irphu)1jr1u/z vi peo)ore a major cone) 1uvjuhzr 1. i1/oip)i 2irpstruction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capqi e ifa:bqgw- (5ay+3ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired with how it afu:n e(m(xe n-)sow9shw1j ni,fects sustai- 9sw1hnmuee :xni)s,(( no wjnability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase sustainabm mgj70uq8 oo0gfvp+6 ility.

  Figure: Average per capgg+gk1urt lr zjz /ed r- e3*savy93-/ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of thhl6f gvu7-/mk( jifn(zk o+r2e following is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoory (zdiam o1,p cw;) cg1tx*k fmq+)qw6 pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct + aysrc72v.y- vtpuxu,tn+r8 method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plante /4 omjljbv39 in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people diel9j me/b43j vod in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the -x*mi/xld2x+l kqip1u 7f jq )term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are h ra ./kimqtf)w8fisl1. 2l+f2rg g0itrue about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capita7q ri;kpam3mh q)i+4 l $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmira Beayryy e ek+(09ach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capnu, h-; gvge7xita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capitazrzj;4(ww, g.fzbch l njp6(s ,jf3a* $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.