Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environmental value 5 ivni e*+jsj8systemeji i+j5n*v8s:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency labev eqq(* s1:qzcl for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is most *0koey 9(le bck8l:hqlikely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla( k9yo0q* el:chklb e8 and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marc (n-:n mlvc1o,9jy2tubnp0 qiv 3y f2ble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement th8y jft2ay-zdo-k k rm hl0s- tmsu9ihb.m+ 5/-at is a priority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for develo 5n oc-7e /p-oxvqjh;tping an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about Nor,vy il ypmybxor4*mmj 5 )2p8/th Atlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental val1p,(r duabh,x.i(uib/m u1z xjq9/ymue system.What is input and ouz(/ q.,,b iyxdp1rmijhb u ( 9uuxm/a1tput?

  Determine which is the best definit3srdvs:o bp(8r cnp +l+4 eio)ion for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value sy,o4-pmiqv m -ghzw1lz5;o8 s pstem





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsi 1npd(aigpua9+u)pn3x oy74dc value.

  Identify which of the following statements is 4 h o-0cg nx4lve8t7d)rbkpq6most closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental valuer0lboedp6gtqkh )4c 478- xnv system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Ka.lw25o(a u.xy o6wuy ftowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-ol:jhz dlmr;razo-8q44d girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, zh4orr lmdq4a; :8zj-stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai -cq:iw.hgz )nnh,dc )






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following lis );srmlaofx6+nwt;7c t of influential events that shaped our modern view of ;6 c7 tsrmxa+wl)nf;oenvironmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that j-26s5 lsjsbo +br)wyis not a correctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a cl//pjl20xmfwl 6 b3j9*m kqcpgosed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmeiahwzk.x7 058kg;9 iulkq1o q3 adcs)ntal value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people bs5spyxtd37 *cmipyj 9x 0-j6understand complex wbpmcxjyd-9*0x 7 jy s56stpi3 orkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic food cha b inm )/sbyr:zc(+5viin




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems diagram that is truey/t hc3, zh57z 1giuhu.

  Figure: A simplified model of3jfr f b59hu*v the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental valjv he f164otf u0jwvzdd4f6b(5 (r0 r)qci-l sue system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a sysxt. zpfx6v 4e-r2vt m0/ )gyrstems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbon cyclifg8 spn;a25b e





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tr6,q lpincl4z2 ee

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestrativdy u)rni08 k9on of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input vh. em/ou*g0u ，Output ，Both input and *u 0/eumog.vhoutput？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the follo drfdc8qj-. d1wing is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative o;ibkb:l0hse 0 8y fc u10bio9feedback loops...?

  State which of the foll3. +l6v5q:u l2wne2 cnj 7 eceaqfvp-lowing is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and its prey 9n vacic. )doi/15iql




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not correctly po/a qdr+-xq:5rooxd k;7u)ey aired with the exampleouoor )-dya+x/5 7xq ;e:rdkq ?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession thatyjp 10c fx/h)t is most likely to show resilience and the abilit1c / 0py)fhxtjy to withstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sctxvo3( rq;t37m d/ocequences is an example of a negative feedback mechanism3/dtccv x or37qt(o;m.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Envir cfjae:8 :m9 bh kubmj)e-:l6jonmental Impact Assessment (EIA).a: -jj96:b:fmc ej bhm)8 kuel

  In a small wooded area,thhl. v34t+ po ov5n*p trees are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of thepo+. vn53tv*ot4p h hl woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that doe9bi( (j bc0o*bql:etzs not define sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of qw+hxpxpjbow- :yrj9 b)php:j.2p; 1ecological goods that can produce natural capitalbw -hqhjwp;pyj:)bxjpp x 9:o+2r1p. ?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource consumptiocm3fd b +tj26gn




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact As ugkqf;n 9z4d:sessment) is usually carried out before a major construction pu:4kz9q; dgnf roject is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capita 5z 9asx0otxqft3.,d7 q u7pa 5,xc imp$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired with how it og im5;zl5/ pvrp /s*ijbpec:hdf 8:0tw3t4waffect p/o:ievm*38gs;tprhc4 /5pbz wl ftjd0 i:w5s sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way zxjd8arpw+tjjsr842y ) 8.dqto increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita t3 c+ ugm(6j-fh yl/dn $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not consideres.qeixx;t - q6:a;gvmnoj ,g 0d a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per cad g 2r.k4z .yl0w6h3 l1xyltt-9hgewbpita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a dijcm ;6smgkpuai;i0e0yo* /o t( g2 2bqrect method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant inb0n v*xtnm*q+m75pwfq d+ ue9 Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the 0xmqtv*bdp9+7m5neuw n fq +* disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does n;w,0+sgs37syxjao4y ; u tqrpot correctly match the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are tf54 48xh:t7vc u krpzsua:-avrue about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capitcb+l8a4 8 xe5cr/w;yiun0zoh a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater orb; m;kxw6wj4. sn1ng) 1 vmbat Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2;ntsd*y* c((q a5;xuc 1yxeai019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capo(net:s51(e do*pbt vita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.