Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s envirf o+rx 8m-zu-donmental value sys fx-u m+z-r8odtem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for m*,uccg-bqjz 5nz a:2 a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental valxzt ,g/ ur(xcm9otv, *ue systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the fou x,co9*utxtzv(rm ,g /nder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marl,4bd(mir3e xwc e (ghvkx,7.n9 (t lsble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentrist worlduqs 37twk,q)c0jpt/g8 ehws .view.

  Figure: Systems model for developi70.ycxsm) aqing an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about Northpy0u7(o1t ) *b,w 6ismg isgeu Atlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an ;ckfzy.u2zcw3/ cu0m4smz)qp l07 st environmental value system.What is input and outpu72 t.;cl00mz scws3 fq )u4zm/zpyckut?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value;w h48w* *utovsxx 4jo system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems modelu iy)fhj 7e7.80h ozhjo* n/xb for developing an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsic va)j2jzi 1w xcin* hoh4:ohl63ulue.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely ass 3kdt7qztwh (*ociated with an anthropocentric environmental value syst7( htq kwz3*tdem.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowq3e+9 qpasj 1a*k8o mmice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at : 2116pltdtoud 0opq0w7gl zqthe Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their pol0do:q7lluozp 10p6gq d 12tw ticies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathaip--mg-w ut4 3zd0uavi






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential rch p( x pijh)0jywd2q3 ;,u7wevents that shaped our modern view of environ2y,(j0;7j pcpudh wr)iqwh x3mentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a corr7bd)8 + gqqypuc.3r jwectly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed syst4; xfc 7gi ywn8i),pnlem makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental vraht*/2fv-lcq dd 0 +yalue system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people understanksb2++r,kg4uja d3 ;i:e,cx ugh i,wjd complex workings ;,sr :2ekjgxuwhg4kji+ci, ba,u+ d3.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aq89m;yu(7y hdj yv. m 0ldxssh9uatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems diagram 0r.ed u yvt*y82k 1rs /o,zkruthat is true.

  Figure: A simplified mod;d2 (;4y3)ghyf .gvmt ebtmyael of the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing a b7,zey9,x3 a v5czf *i4lccirn environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a systems diagr5x ;vqs8zasj1am?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbon0 ycez.lu .g2 zlg;jx4 cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagt6 8vmj suc.b/1d dh5xram of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestridwi)z d/fo/t x*g /vpcu1q(7ation of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagramthd+oi f/1ae/ye s57 p of a tree . what it Input ，Output ，Boths/a pto d1/7feey+i5 h input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the fa ,9bh9r6scu um7 7mtaollowing is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedback lozt-pe8h y bkk c).v pa5d93.gp,2qrcvops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tgip z.efr 7kxb*y(d7) ipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator j1- fgy4bgox1j+nd9 pand its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not correqa xa 6plrq5l*nnp(v fi9gd19a7 4qxl5 k /u+pctly paired with the example?praq6 lga9v dax i4xp7/fq91 *5 p5(u nknl+lq

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likeld,,kx4vxajw;diqo v/. any 22 y to show resilience and the abilit,,dix; vj n24 axy k2wd.voaq/y to withstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of 6ii puzo10u9zsvep 6 1yu, ao8a negative feedback mecaio6,p6ez uv11pzu8uosy0 9ihanism.

  State which of the fol r xerf408zaa4lowing is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).r r04zf8axa4 e

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in re 7v()nui3 *ujv uv,ndifferent sections of the area depending on vn3u(e7)*uuivn,rj v the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not defir 0;swzwt4h8a5fu w:gne sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of ecologiz2v6m8(erla j689mpf +p0zk nb wt vh4cal goodzanpw6v46v eh2+8 pr (fkmlt 8bmz90j s that can produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource consumption8s8qm7 g/e )jcnzrue/




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a major o0etpxmjxt 2m1(-0 vy construction project is undertaken x-v1mo20p (0ytj xtme. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capitae is(lb4j f:i7 $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in w+9cpe++r- gwo.l rf qdhich the factor is not correctly paired with how it affectsc +gdfo+w.l9r+-r peq sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to bpjoq8i7) ,pn increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per c+ 1a1)ktzdiaol;pu/napita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered a pollutantxe/l4c+5rx82dzxew; ghhm2 a.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollutilp74qcyki*i li6 /h t(f, gyr4on vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not amd .goy e-2--peu6cg/u iprv1 direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant i3eol3 r3csole1ycl.9 eyd t iz+/,8qp n Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disasteriol e/93 3e3eco1. ,z+c8ysy ltlrpdq.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term ande:7w. pum )fa5udlt pf 0b/di5 the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT*e oz oomk-ockl u( e*g-gxx./k+hi)-):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capi: w 8tpik6zii pnfu4hvo 6s40-ta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmov)0p ucv8 2*z4m v is)+ppxdmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP perdu:lq+z21dia7z a y w5 capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per **.an,b4vjd .0zuh x f dip9hzcapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.