Suggest which of the following might influence a person’tr*(zvln3l k ,rg+*ejs environmental value systv3 g+ *ezrnr,tljkl*(em:

  igure: Sample EU energy d5p7fy-;2bwcxriri 2u(: xpm efficiency label for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environ3y7i(c6q6g ff p- xsylmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Spacc3 y x(ps yl676qifg-fe-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marblel-na x 50wjzn6"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority inby0;pm3jjhik3g o .w) a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems modee5vglj/*xs 1s l for developing an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic righczso; 4e y/57/aavwar t whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.What is input and t9 *)ttxiej 3hoj* t3xi)tt9 ehutput?

  Determine which is the best definit2*xnq 0sd+ehe4 fg j8kion for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developi:f9q,n 4thrlembyu 6g8p nx i7sm0v:; ng an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsic valukx9nkgn nx hvw( u;vfi* 0;w30e.

  Identify which of the following statementchbp5m-oa0z/ em)lq : s is most closely associated with an anthropocentri/-ameb5)z:ol p0 mcqh c environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowix7 uu5yh69g ..n ,brc -a9g-ymqowjit ce (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, S x*e2ae3j hd cfj.ed9(evern Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about f2de9x.jf*j( dec ah e3rom around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maatha jdem;fe(-i iik9;w9d i






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our mode5 kesf9zjt( a+rn view of ( f5aejs9t+zk environmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a co( qy:5 k9gwgbsv1o)v z xira;)rrectly drawn systems

  Identify the exchangegam) q6.ik pe1s that a closed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value systm.y-gac 7p yhfpxvof8/c3 2v (em



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help peoplewolkb5+:* xh g understand complex workixhw+*5 l kbg:ongs.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investig4a6gdn9: 1 lnld6ngmt ating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systema g(i/93 s(v dv coosp,j+b(fc)4gtfxs diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cw gbv h;47pbid99e 70orv is6eycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model fo+ qu*677ngv cij6 ch0rtk,y3l pzhxd 4r developing an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a systems 2v sbhug h7o9u;c,il7diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbon cy63 9vgie: empmyjgig3)z7l6b cle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagra sye/5pz2,n-ced k(wwm of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a sael n,s me mjdf -7v9go;j/b5b:lt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tr+zsc ja3-un+xdmf 0p+ee . what it Input ，Output ，Both + jzxfmn +a0p cs+d3u-input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of tran-k6 5yl1ckgzr8qc9rvqh07) f ,uj vj wsformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedback (vjx;dbsu o21n *vb,ploops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an evy-z efu ws;sny-.o2n: gopm 0nxl++.cosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and 5vo: 3/eurbl+jn x19gfyngl 1 its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not corre a. hdt72n*0z o f3oesrmg*-ulctly paired with atg-0os*znrh .2dloe u7 3f* mthe example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in ) fc,6kkz6d /9 xgfr4mhhjmwe ;a4915bozl qb succession that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withstand chq4;6a6,wj/99m hf x 5rbdkg1h f cb4zkmz)o elanges.

  Determine which of the following , yiui3- ocrkzc3o u0)sequences is an example of a negative feedback mechani3k ou )r-y z0,icc3ouism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Enu1t*hk9g;2uase t7lkvironmental Impact Assessment (EIAea9tk21 l k;u h7sug*t).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cne i(vxidt0q *gz( egj)4fd5d*(eel; ut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainab*tvge0i(lqf)gd;i(ne5 *d (e z dx4ejle yield.

  Identify the aspect thsxl-k-so 7hm/u+ybp * j,;)awq psb w+at does not define sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of12xb f 2gz d9wtak/ge2 ecological goods that can produce natural caz29 w/g2f2 1dbtexk gapital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource *f jvk0b 24mz.drm/g 1blqib0consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a mav612-ulfb goc8ptfe , jor construc pf2v lef1-oubc6t8g,tion project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capitaf5rl u,q pzf )g/kf( .mo-j8cy $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option ig 59,s csopa(yn which the factor is not correctly paired with how it affects sustainabi y(5sogac9,s plity.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is nob1 r-oai2tlnr1+v :ld(n v,ql t a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per ca v )s 4ajy0me1(r.ohia 4wc8sh i.*huspita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following it 9m m5zd 0k8 pvhzbx3oq62sp)s not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates fromuwxpn x/p; r-( outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuring pollutiosl-z3 o2 4h6.hhqt c w-kimfl.u8ife(n.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released v.po-/j* b ags5d dcd,aast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas5j- dc *gb ,.apda/dos into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term andv:. /n(dx3x2a k/gkvs wzrl6 e the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true b u66.drx6f1 k 1:vi slosbv0babout Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capm(6+q)fnifxjxp znk1r )61k v ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in s lj+mm +.w3otv5+2qrkwfyg1i eawater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capm1;67 1r9kkcerjo2oml)o hfb ita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capita6pa .qdcs-co 4k6*wgw $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.