Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environmental valuc *mx3- z6hx:be pgvyc3+ icr vj6;5uoe systemmu*gpyr x3 ;-c oc5xi: v63 zbc6j+vhe:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiencyo 4qh r*fv)6,ofiszo( label for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of thechv+j .i1b;*jn i, mv*b q-jqk following environmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.1k,c niv*vbj;mbh j+i - q*.jq

  Figure: "The Blue Mar :z-.9/y6z vew4sg+b z pr xrlzt-l3imble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentuos1+, ju k,v4cg5ulv-x* uzxrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for dev:8tfzvfe4/*yr vx dw. eloping an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North A/mar9 o yov;vh*h0ht4 tlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental v4+e p x:m *qs80tjpwktalue system.What is input and oe k4 p jp0:xstqw+8mt*utput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘en *e. b*8eunb1m6bo(t ot+slpovironmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an egvp0fr-xypuyf iph49 l99v 7(nvironmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment hvyzi6u57- +ce cdp 5uwas an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely associated hujf, ejn8:p)z 8od2nwith an anthropoce2nf j )o,8nd8u:je zhpntric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowircsoo ;x 71.xgce (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn5 g.:syr-mxjx:0pz to Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to changyj.:z0tp- x:r5 moxs ge their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai ,u*4 5ta kvssys2vu: (egi)dj






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list), ifdgk fx09;jvjt dsto-9,u of influential events that shaped our modern view of envkj ft,sv9 i;ox-9ug0df), dtj ironmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawf1 -unfnuc8 1fg l8qk9n systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closes8pejpzad47 :spxa)+d system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value sysop/9jk46 yhrqtem



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used twpcr3hq1cd(3 0hz2v oh sc8t+o help people understand complex wo c(hdchq3 8p2ro whc+sz3 v01trkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating *tx:j mg4 v(wuan aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems diagram thv rbe9w3psrnz6 p:nf sf+ (91hat is true.

  Figure: A simplified model;0qzqzg(z56wnz zf r6 of the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for develoz,gemrkefr l 6ygq;v 5)qds/l61 e(7kping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a systems z)rlp-) pala ,/4mu7-dpda f a j9gfo:diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the cat3j5x ; itk7c48rfwjyrbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagnny1yc c-d,) q7a+w dyram of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestrafx3rtrc e:ty-vu8e xai rj8-;3 il7-wtion of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input rad *b,x-l.la ，Output ，Bothla ,*adrlb -x. input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following ep6 mq99)8 mumy0ire kis an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative fesql*/)ih ;dh xedback loops...?

  State which of the following k (i 9c-bhwif5is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a prgvg g0jd.6r)uh/+1io ph.c opedator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following option wd-qj g)pzpvq*+o:doj:7rr 5s about feedback is not correctly paired with the exg jqddz5r pv):+*q 7ojp-or:wample?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in sug,vr ,7+pw r5llwxqn;ccession that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to wit nv r,+wx5l7,r wqgpl;hstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a negative dc4pt*ul. z.g feedback mechang* pd.4 .uzctlism.

  State which of the following is not accomplish*:s1n buf7 tqze 3l.eqed by an Environmental Impact Assese b37qte*unzf 1 sq.l:sment (EIA).

  In a small wooded areak t1uxff*x6/c up9)pv, trees are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000u)vp *pux fxtk6 f19/c kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect wpgy 0oiya+dmu0 h, yj+ :m4yk54dns+that does not define sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of ecologic)8xa9q k8xw8do1fue+ nkte k3al goods that c 8n qkxoxu931defkk)8et 8 w+aan produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacityw( n4smlo8 zjx2q+a o1 vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmentalqa3 p/dkhg;wmmib.k++ yi g1+ Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a major construction project is undertaken. Outline the basic struc1 .d+g iy/mi;h amk+kwqb+p 3gture of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per jiqa ;a;1h5ggtx(/6d k lb l/ncapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctia 55ek5 e19rmjue8cp8 iota*ly paired with how it affects sustainability. ai ajr*c5o5eem eu8p9i5k8t 1
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to k*pkw6sp)qe o;iaz +gh7ig2z6 tp .u2 increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita .2*/p6p0fown d ;kgs ev:iew b$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not consids jyi2 3sdts)-ered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP k9 xy.6bdl8re per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuring pollutim(dh )q:,drs mki ao/2on.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plqcg.+s d/skz2ix nc c v-iygw57g2z+* k6a fw6ant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people d+c wqky z vgiif6s/wgc -2c27xan.kzdg* 65+sied in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the i7cf0 bjk(:ft*c(dziterm and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true ca,o* )/ oz e,8cvalvdabout Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per 7vaw a o jc5d3o1r8m.ccapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zini*r i(1w1cvqe c in seawater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates fro wss(*hk/7kvx 8u;/cm;s rnutm outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capita3pu; xt :oxt 4*,egmdf1c 7lbn6ohz+d $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.