Suggest which of the following m46: rakxu4hyp (ahafdjq(55r ight influence a person’s environmental value systeafpry6xk a 5h aq4rhu4 j((5d:m:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a wr.j3hgq6/-r5 g fm zwoashing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following env2*sv ;4fn/aj bvzcozf7 :h1lpironmental value systems is most likely held by Elo:av/4zsh 2o*nzf; pbvjc 7fl1n Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble"ly phfh0,o9:+ e tti,z




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is q4huyq -i4 uj;a priority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental 3 q);bhr olbncxf 5hdub 7rat, 4tp0/5value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic rightww 1*nvss1rfkw+ (/g0h :l4mj e rwkc8 whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.df3 rhppdu6k+ ekr 4)767gsblWhat is input and ou+uk f)hp6dek6 gr7r74sbp l3d tput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value )fm/cym.(j lfifc- f5system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value syst+uh phay-w0n sff1w74em





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has anv:nh+5846o-j 9cu) crb zkc9 swp uezs intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is m) y6lrx iyu,r*in p/r-ost closely associated with an anthropocentric environmenta pry*)/- uxlin6, yrril value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in muzn,xh7v en4hlc ( .1Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summ0n*8ij7 e dg(su :pj3xephn7mh-p6u q it in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the dama h du(h7 ue:30pqj p-gpsien7*jnm86x ge she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai)r )l bgoo)-cy






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list8 35pcf atqk.,8 ptki4q7dczc of influential events that shaped our modern view of environmentalism:5 zc7pc8,pqf t4dtak c q.8i3k

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn sy+7 vy8n j0n(lj4k (qbxh3tipm stems

  Identify the exchangesp +(h(kex0gsyja)ig4 that a closed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an e hr, 47c3asr7rsfl - 1*lrmvtwnvironmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of re0nq81czrrgg + ality used to help people understand complen+ r g1g80qcrzx workings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aotjy676+ h3u(e8rnyb9 ly-era d8sp9a* daj zquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems diagrame3j a)xapj8 z l31307y mycyks that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of t,g kuz55mt;yr im90k ehe carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model f7 *) g,i *kw l.agoi)n,pelphvor developing an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of th9.;o4qlf k up9urjr ,53zsov fsky39se following is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carb;wekp0s,vo rkv7t *z:on through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagra)n2. 0ha thfqu)wtre.rgs 0 g5m of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the cwsg5mp; 9;nam6mi39bnwupc: arbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of4u; opyl;2 q2aaa fph+ a tree . what it Input ，Output ，Both inpapa4 p;yu +fo2 l2;ahqut and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an examplehjy: c)cnelkcj 3.( +l of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Ngq.aox 8++xgf egative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ,mfwh)6 f+f l;9rkyjvecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densitymk 6+8k:txn zies of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of thuc1wv3x 3,m:z:nmsckiwhhn( b 6j ,3qe following options about feedback is not correctly paired with the ewv1c, , h 3b3x:6(wzn qnk3m:ijhcumsxample?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage i .qa,3xx5a8 k4cdueefn succession that is most likely to show resilience and the a.c38x4kedea x,ua q5fbility to withstand changes.

  Determine which of the follow-hge2irni:35( t/q sc;kwb a oing sequences is an example of a negative feedback mechanism.;5histowbk niq:a /(2r3 -ecg

  State which of the following is not rnbmk,qc h/h 6agg8 u13fa80h7ebf .baccomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessm/huf8e6h. b1 m 3kafrg7ag q, hb8bnc0ent (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation i4yb5x; yx exm*8atx1fq t+is, n different sections of the area depending on the type axfi+1 xybs t mx4eyx*,q;5t8of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainabi z f.o-e ev1nom-nd6jue.wh*0y:d q5jlity.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classificatiyj:8, j/c wxkson of ecological goods that can produce natural capitax8y,/sw:jcjk l?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource consumptiof*eeh g,o yxn- 70wam0n8sv8l8 nr)pl n




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usu5q0y meps; u 9q3jyj*cally carried out before a major construction project is undertaken. Outline thymejj0q p9u* y5 sc3q;e basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capita buat g)h+ 0awgo 44/np$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in wje-lo -oa* l7c i:m*abhich the factor is not correctly paired with how it affectsoml-*: e-*ai7 aoblj c sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor thataabt1:sf j861 i,m46rls. clbkr.ku n is not a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita 7qktk+ uog+n:)tj ph3 $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the foll i)nsu4ex9h,p owing is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. Gu( u3 jc:tl):h;3ok*ntjqh zpDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuv9o0p)yfv xg 3f9 jf/hring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, rele1g vh/4spx:vx ased vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas :sgv4pxv h/x1 into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the -zl)+iqmxk,imo1ij*7 l tkyo7 /v bd3term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are t c/qmu zofr0 ;rp13vw+ w9agu5rue about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capiejb(,nst el +)5i; pfnta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmira Beach wd5crru3g09 tv26jvp







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollutiocbak40wl p3sl /vw60pn vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capitaha32o kb7pw 8y/; q.:vehboxm $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.