Suggest which of the fj w*bcd1)(-zl q, ,zy oz 56ne5ltigsyollowing might influence a person’s environmental value system:z (oct*,zbnylljiez d 5w1y -sgq)6,5

  igure: Sample EU energy efficevr(sdf+0 rw: iq s1(;p cojq h8k90uav +y9rxiency label for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systv ih6y5yf+qu (ems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the f5vyyu 6(+fiqhounder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marblei:zr1xr tpkz*; a u3h:"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentrisrti-vn /fx l*h4.u( 7bnlxe b5t worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmentu j3m:yqltc+c bfcicxr,,b):ho 385ohx7)k xal value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic rik uh q42t*x; j9ywa*jlght whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.What i)7drp9ysc). 0hr)) pvajwhi os input and output?i.dovrprp7c)hajs)h w y)0) 9

  Determine which is the best definition for w njv3m7w.hsa6 8+hpw‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developiniva t0:7q*w azrwn;j)g an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that thy9 o1uukiht0 7 sod43oe environment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is .+3ng jjdd x(amost closely associated with an anthropocentric envi+ x d3(adnj.jgronmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (20 qcnvw4)i67g01 epleh18)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old gf7r 5+hlb/dc;jl oy,u ;1tp rtirl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke abou /jtlfph+;15dbrc lo 7y ;r,tut the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maath+do9)vg6 pu eeai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following lists/1sh 4)q;lm3kw y frt of influential events that shaped our modern view of environmentalisfhs wk 3;/r)1ty4lmqsm:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly az sk-;d,chkq5x-27i qd qk9f drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with the en+d+x3b9f h0kpir wz/yz 4l ry;vironment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmentaly;0p*rf7oxhbriy q 874+ icw m value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people undeev(6yay)/ *i*)dgu doaxqck) rstand complex workings6k qv*d cyxg()/ a)ay)di u*eo.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic food chaig6c0m .t6vtw ln




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systemn;tsjek0fqr2*9l b k,s diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of -p:jg6xfh r;n the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing6g2 47z up(ri ct3nhb h:t/ray an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of thetr/,u x-w8jecg6 aax: following is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the cm**s;vx 2i tifki6mr:arbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of.5-t rq5igi(l-vrqq boems,fqi * 81w a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea lesn-(opd v)p pvb;: 5srvel rise on the carbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Inputqo26zp6; b bgr ，Output ，Both input and output？ bgq6zo; bp62 r



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the follo. hi*e-tx)tocftw 9.nsy4l3sxs ct62 wing is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedesu07 ;vb fv ub:w/2lyback loops...?

  State which of the follow-pkpq 2sjp(2ting is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and its5i9 zbi 668yr8stneb q ub1t:5ff,bht prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options e *h g8vfafi-,i++am gabout feedback is not correctly paired wi f8f-* +mgieagah+ ,ivth the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likeliiifl (suk4r;8rbdn;52 -kv ty to show resilience and the abili (8 i;vbsk4iutni2f;kdl5-rrty to withstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a negk*v ,a rz (-o7irtpl2native feedback mzl2*oi, kr-( 7rn vptaechanism.

  State which of the following d-l2ti)0(s kvf iy1x mis not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessment (ts l y ii0v)(xm1kf2d-EIA).

  In a small wooded area, tzu dhd; slvxr:756/ 9wktrb;x rees are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their g:z ls5 ;x h7vk tw;r/b9xrdud6rowth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainabilicb7*lt eyi*w5a rj16gda.w u0 ty.

  Which of the following would not faz.g3i.9) a8eqri nio.t;vxy0aeht o *ll under the classification of ecological goods that can produce naturalhnxqa .8.vi.*i9oe; 3ae tty)gi0zor capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource consu+q bygp*ri8 y:mption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental I+65i.-n 3.e/gtk sadgjba 9i xrvr0yb mpact Assessment) is usually carried out before a major constructibj+xiyr5 . ai.g60sd/ g bken r-3va9ton project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per ca nr7uesbklr4(.f5 qt* pita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly pairetr/mfcd: .swe v x336xd with how it affects suss :rx t.3xc3ew/mfd6vtainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not 0xuh+a1byw+ x a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita o,fmos 9 y(:)ug8 tljj $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not con5 dcww./4 tska o-emd(sidered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019 fs8) v/e3oiemj 6pr.:sd qco-


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a d 3otf1nqw/mv,45:zlq pdg mi/ irect method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide pl,q 5z sr2ff ;sk67r4vm:aw elfant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of pf:f275; mfrqzs rkw a6v,4se leople died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match tc.3jz0-.i+r8/d b ehx 4 qqd/jkge2oqd:mlxjhe term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrif8.lpdi k (ja:chloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capita tol5c x(k4 yx6$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in g8rsva*).wtwndf ))v seawater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capitg 5xnn 27, :w7tltaj;op;m9 eizkob e:a 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per cap o;1il9r ;jt1aqhm i2tita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.