Suggest which of the following might influence a pero i+o-e on rzp034l7qrson’s environmental value sy07loon- or+4p iz3qrestem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a dw/xk ql.oi1) washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following envirot 8)vx t6 * u7p8gizcu51incglnmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tetgzi7x u 6tncg1 5pu8v)*i8lcsla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marblera6uzu b0*f eg8x1; 9peca9nz"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a tech7tn f . x0--0ttdf-a9 przmdl 6h4yxjonocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing ag2t ckzimvznm;y5u: e775c g+n environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlan8p3t3,cmxojg9p e3l2lpemurx6+x) d ig0i v9tic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environsmo ( .l4*rx/bfnh p*pmental value system.What is input and out4prbf*mp( / n*os.x hlput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value syste( 8i8rokgc glk i/x)3p 1fbh2y* jdn,rm’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developi,p)c oo/cxey(rr3chz 8 y8*o thte .*tng an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea thayx .wppisj(wo7 (: b4xq waq7bs w2/:jt the environment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following s7qkt-m atceh3a*/fd n ;*smgro: 0yi.tatements is most closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental value systaf dk70c/isq*moyt;nre.*:a mhg-t 3 em.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice ish3 4g7o7vxz (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit bfylz 258h3 ( n2siqfjin Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix s8jblyihz5f 3 2fn2q( it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maat *;4xe.k8mxs f poesx,9oz8rehai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential evenvd( 7 );zd+0wrlgh qauts that shaped our modern view of envirg ( ;r)ahdul07q wdv+zonmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not s d1e9c j hogx3g(fbs/w+k5f +1idct3a correctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that aohc a e2y5- tv,8qv+ey closed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental0vz9sbw . c*tt value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality k 0v, m6dpl7xsused to help people understand complex workings.ml d7, p0kx6vs
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic food chainvtqdw0/um m2 ;




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statemena 4era o7il(wv 25tcu.t about a systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbo; mi:tf (s:/dq h6gclssduq+m (qzc74 n cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental valuea8ftz41 rodf5 system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the follo)ld1cjoa2cai vsuz ;+s. m 4 2evi5.)a lgmjt9wing is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbow1gxgt* 1myy )g5.hldn cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagr,ca9m6t d*bucam of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carz tn-e( nlv5c1td)j0ubon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Inou915wl,ypl b*mgo0 7vb. b emput ，Output ，Bob 0lv7lpb gm.9,m ouy*e51obw th input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an exampy ouz-).o f4chle of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedbc frc8pn+74 slack loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lp79pvj+s zs6poa /xmoxnu7 ht38 iv2/ead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and i6/xxxfp4 1 mmsts prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the follow gahslxh;jx9 w (+xa26ing options about feedback is not correctly paired withs6h aa9h2 ;x jwlgx+x( the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in successioh ww1jo-xyup0 oxm 16*n that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withstxph-xo 0y61wj1m o*wuand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequencepdjn x, (ti1rfygx t*le9gz*b 249b;es is an example of a negative feedback mechanismtexpibbz9x2,d y(49* n jefg*1 gt ;rl.

  State which of the followi1ker/ dhjc:(tng is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessmej /dr:1eh( ctknt (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in differentx 1p/ :cv3gemb sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the xgmc1 :vb /pe3start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainabilitoaxe+jy59fsgxl1 ,g03 f rp:ry.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classifv1wq 8cw lc8tp xr18(aication of ecological goods that can produce na1trpvql88 acc( ww8 1xtural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource consum1o;gpn xxs pi65 fs5b4ption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Asseo h + j5hp)q- illaidq ,/b1k);;pbslassment) is usually carried out before a major construction project is uha )bq5p-pllbdi) o jsk+/qilah;, ;1ndertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per ca:t-rtp fum 6,6)9s)zto*fl0dp gwqyb pita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired e.0d;dvk70egrdr ,h xwith how it affects susta0d d7rxkh;rd, ve0g.e inability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase xa92 k, w nz6.eclbpg61y0zjgsustainability.

  Figure: Average per :rwy 1uz+ paso.vh 8lu.y0jjx /clg,0 capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not con y8 6dwupa;(tzsidered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from od+l7jsywu4im-(o ( un utdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuring pollution.s0ctc;by0 :07ly b wuu

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, Inehki+ybjp *e i 1*/dd8dia, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of8+ed bph1/jdk ei*yi* people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctlxw1b2wbmglxufl-t6w31r*f v i w, .(hy match the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiph+eyqi ;8 5ro,jzrv ng2enyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capit4za36yh psy r0a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Pa1e2y a/ t h:5+eldwemg*5g smelmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDPqj-ukd h8 ++hh per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capiz6l8x :pi 6.znjb9ykc ta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.