Suggest which of the following doyd ( p)r ,j w1:6 in-est5ja1bapb+)ur2caxmight influence a person’s environmental value system:rb docut1,w6a 2rs5pajey:ax) di bpj )(1+ n-

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing mach*;owhwmo a c oyj 7b6q. u;gm8w)ys:-vine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is mx h0q. tn*njh gg.)+l2 bwlq-rost likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Spaceg0g2x.ln rj ).wbnlhtq -+* hq-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Mav nrwgg r a.kkc.8fg0mf.f /70rble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a prior jcl3 6m:.lsusity in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems mode i8nl4 :fkwk .(gp0avsl for developing an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North q-o2folc0h 6sd0bzf0Atlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an (-fgzs o6ez5genvironmental value system.What is input and output?z5gsof(gez 6-

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).wp+yjy* ).ge f

  Figure: A systems model for developin/xjhc)mla e8i)r21 wq e7 *tgig an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment haa.n ;vlz*9: qc ihx4mns an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is mo;-q- + bnov/:rtq2iia nquj 6jst closely associated with an anthropocentr2n/u ij qb -6;v jaiqrnq:to+-ic environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice i160z 3o,bnt7wnrq2pg 5.i0gugy b5 8x cplql(2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Sue z c(+*0nxvbt0k e-ijzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke abou t0bcx jz0*evk(i +-ent the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maatj +nk3cplt80 o(l b5eghai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential ee/j-luf 79urm vents that shaped our modern view of enfm/-ulej 7ru9vironmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correc 5j jq).ytlg0ctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with the envt c/p7xbuukn9 3hr . z7(rhzx-ironment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model. h ux6can6p9b for developing an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of realieo3sjx26u ; (eomn(z-py m h7cty used to help people understand complex wors (n6jzem3m(oucp- 2 e;h ox7ykings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic food chain cq nb4+j4 er-b1cni0i




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a9cew22 ykjm .g systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cyk2,(ux129fl zx /-vz nn cdwj7 (jzjckcle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for dm7mkr35(okvfq xl0 * w:uoa 6w/g8fw geveloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the followski-(cy)lz ))m)pyop j f/ zh-ing is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbon 6jkcpttn5l* 5l/qh :jcycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a;.l3d ;j lm6aglev ru xmi9k-. tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a salcanxnk)f 7lfi/-u5rzf6+28edt p(g n t marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，Output *vml5(cj ws9 c ，Both input and outputsw m(95lcc*vj ？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the fojaj04j:jmmf6ot.4j,e; dfo bllowing is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negseo7(7 funnl 6-k4f vyative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tippmvb.+.jqzns 7ing point.

  Figure: Population d f, nwj2g +a7jl y5yp*ldlq24yensities of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not ukd.6 k07vk9 gcr/jysv:li.e correctly paired wk: v9k.cv/y kd.0ijegl67 sur ith the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to showd 9t 2am-kukhmp ,d2l* resilience and the abilidl9d2 mk, k a2thu*-pmty to withstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an exampl0d9 b beytr)m:e2 v yqr3k,3*3byl hwne of a negative feedback mech,:rt dyek vb y9hbl33)ye3*0qbmr2 n wanism.

  State which of the following pf wl-.7m(izz is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)wl7zm .ipzf(- .

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sec xb1y(bpb8k ,cmfh0/x0mnm 9rtions of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the bi9b m00ry18(pxkf mmhxbn ,/b comass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainabj; ath;1;j2vcgagfi)68t dqbility.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of eco5. +u--timbomkrtw n8logical goods that can produce naturab 8t-- m 5umtknrw+.iol capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resourclnxn(: 4 .- m*.r cbtw(i:jvtcid.jdke consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a major v k7bifc;-1ylkhuq10jfs2 ,k construction project is undertaken. Outline the ba,k -q flksuk07jcyhi1v;12f bsic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per fnqz fl0 9f0i:eue:;zcapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in kj*+*fx-as wh which the factor is not correctly paired with how it affects sustainability *x+ajf-*kwhs.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is zp:iyt 9mi0p5not a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capitez/o3v, frh o s+bzjxvc3/;y;a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the followi2pe:uvjbvehb0 k:i11 ng is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor po0vl4aab -pkz- sd 2z:cllution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct methodi*mi41 ofa-ac of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, rhgvmw j*(hsw /m03k6yeleased vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in khg(m/w msvw*jh063 y the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term an ccjdq05pqm 96d the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane /o/+f)n5ufzi m9r mwx(DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per ng-ooy7(l pn7 capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in qqyx(5h7 )edoy hd+g* seawater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita , 53ycwk htlk30tgg6d 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capij),gc w4;9zje is(qeota $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.