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习题练习:IB ESS Unit 2: Ecosystems & Ecology



 作者: admin发布日期: 2024-09-27 20:49   总分: 85分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年04月15日 20:47  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内1/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
第 1 题组 (共 9 题 9 分)
  What is the best defin4kyy ++sb jo1xition for a species?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内2/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  igure: Climate graph of Robrn/yrw- ; cjf*gn( n-rc u8g8me, Italy


[Data source: Servizio Meteorologico dell'Aeronautica Militare. (2000). Average monthly rainfall and temperature for Rome. Retrieved 25 July 2023 from https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stazione_meteorologica_di_Roma_Ciampino. Copyright free.]
Identify the average monthly rainfall (mm) for Rome in March.

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内3/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  List three factors that could describe a species' niche.What is Factor 1 ;Factz:jc,t7b.kikbo /* opor7/*zb,jic p okb:. tok 2;Factor 3?

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内4/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Growth curve of a population io 8k,tclu5 g9(t;vjlm) :rkn


Identify the part of the graph that shows an ‘overshoot' of the population.

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内5/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Life cycle of )2ofoht-+l dea Schistosoma species



[Created with Servier Medical Art. CC BY 3.0]
The figure shows the life cycle of a flatworm of the genus Schistosoma. It spends part of its life in a species of ramshorn snail and part of its life in humans. It feeds on these hosts.
State the type of interaction between the human and the flatworm.

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内6/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The okapi looks like a smpsdx p2 aa:ik0 hln*61all-sized giraffe and has stripes that resemble the zebra. It lives in the Ituri Forest in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Okapis eat the leaves and buds of trees they can reach. They also graze on grass and ferns and eat fruit. Okapis tend to be solitary animals and the mother gives birth to one offspring which continues to be dependent on the mother’s milk for six months. When they are four to five years old, they are mature and can brnalisxpdk *a6 :p012h eed, but only with other okapis.
Which of the following statements is applicable to the okapi?
I. Okapi is a hybrid of a giraffe and a zebra
II. Okapi is an herbivore
III. Okapi is its own species

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内7/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Determine which of the groups of organisms is a pophx44jwa fpn3q7u*o 7v26(d*ftf bsidulation.

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内8/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Fact file on the grey wolf (Canis lupus)Wolves occur naturallyj1 u,hc 842 hikiopbj/ in North America and Eurasia.Wolves prey on wild animals such as deer, boar and hares, keeping their population numbers in check.Wolves may prey o1ijk pj,i2/4hcbu 8 ohn domestic animals such as sheep, causing an economic loss to the sheepherder.A mature female wolf may give birth to 6-8 pups yearly.Wolves are territorial, claiming a large area of land for their pack.Humans have hunted wolves to extinction in several countries.Most countries in the European Union now protect the wolf by law.Since 2015, wolves have returned to The Netherlands, a small, densely populated northern European country.Approximately 20% of the land area in The Netherlands is protected in some way or another.Identify a factor that may limit the growth of the wolf population in The Netherlands.

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内9/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the graph that best reflects the growth of a population ovq:t(p9m colgl8. 4i aro mr(w;er time.





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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内1/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
第 2 题组 (共 36 题 36 分)
  Crabs, earthworms, mites and snails feed on c3*lu xmi,td 9the remains of dead plants and animals mi39xucdl,* t.
State the name of organisms that feed this way.

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内2/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: The buildup of toxintysp:t7 ejsikgog7 ;r)9js 0h 1r0m m:s in food chains


[Paulsen, O (2018). The_build_up_of_toxins_in_a_food_chain. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 20, 2023 from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/The_build_up_of_toxins_in_a_food_chain.svg. CC BY-SA-3.0]
Identify the process that is represented by the Figure.

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内3/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Arctic cod, ringed seal, killer whale i;91 0wsxqipu, polar bear and other organisms live and interact with each other in the cold waters of the 0w;i19 x upiqsArctic Ocean.
State the best term to describe them.

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内4/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State in what form enehr o96vx dlz8/rgy is lost from ecosystems.

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内5/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Rainforests are known to have tall trees and a large biomass with high proxy/ 3p1esr/j-mu*qkql )3oi iductivity, despite infertile soils. The growing conditions have been known to nurture the presence of many interdependent organisms. These species also interact with the physi/i- 3* q1qie k/3pmurxl y)jsocal environment they inhabit.
Deduce which of the following is described here.

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内6/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the statement te ymem4 zt:,4qhat is a correct description of a food chain.

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内7/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Some fungi obtain nutri j9x() dcq-q f8vkn8 iv0uu2bjents by releasing digestive enzymes into their surroundin -ujuqv8fqik(9 b2 80cjxnd )vgs. The enzymes break down things such as dead and decaying leaves, and the fungi then absorb the products.
State the terms that best describe these fungi.

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内8/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: An integratex2 y:k3k(*q+kxfyqtc:ica0 b d rice cultivation system


[Created with BioRender.com]
The figure shows a rice cultivation system that eliminates the need for fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides by using ducks in the organic cultivation of rice. In addition, Azolla, an aquatic floating fern, is grown on these fields because it harbours blue-green algae which can fix atmospheric nitrogen. Using this system, rice, ducks, and fish can all be produced for human consumption in one location.
Which option includes two of the autotrophs in the system?

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内9/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State the units used for p(lfnp 2(wi mt9p3kb)pyramids of energy.

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内10/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  List three factors that could describe a species' niche.What is Fact qq5d k1ep)fah2d fd* yv2(/aa(o,vydor 1; Factor 2 and Factor ek)( 5(2 ,d aod1*/qahv aqpddy2ffv y3?

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内11/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Graph of the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures l) aou c: lnle.7)a7oz

Suggest a possible conclusion from this graph.

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内12/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: An integrated rice cultivation syst k9e kn+vnd.x(em


[Created with BioRender.com]
The illustration shows a rice cultivation system that eliminates the need for fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides by raising ducks in rice paddies. Additionally, Azolla, an aquatic floating fern, is grown in these fields because they harbour blue-green algae that can fix atmospheric nitrogen. This system produces duck, fish and rice for human consumption.
Draw a possible food chain for the rice cultivation system shown in the image.

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内13/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Determined




Which of the pyramids could be a pyramid of productivity (in KJm2yr1)

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内14/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The okapi looks like a smalkzbe d2i utm 1 )r2)*s/tr trbzuu1.i*l-sized giraffe and has stripes that resemble the zebra. It lives in the Ituri Forest in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Okapis eat the leaves and buds of trees they can reach. They also graze on grass and ferns and eat fruit. Okapis tend to be solitary animals and the mother gives birth to one offspring which continues to be dependent on the mother’s milk for six months. When they are four to five years old, they are mature and can breed,* b2 uitzu)u)dr/.*e2kt11zmb itsrr but only with other okapis.
Which of the following statements is applicable to the okapi?
I. Okapi is a hybrid of a giraffe and a zebra
II. Okapi is an herbivore
III. Okapi is its own species

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内15/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the incorrect description of y 4dwhgi qw;+4i;5msp2/yueuenergy flow in a terrestrial ecosystem.

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内16/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: A marine food web fz97,99hhhkm/nhhkql .vn h;



[Source: Cmglee. (2003, October). File: Arctic Food Web.svg - Wikimedia Commons. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved April 14, 2022, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Arctic_food_web.svg. Copyright under CC BY-SA 3.0]
State which organism is both a secondary and a tertiary consumer.

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内17/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Zooxanthellae are algae that live inside coral. Corals feed on the ca:)ku rzm3ti3 h4d 6teurbon compounds produced by3emtzrd uu):ik3 6 4ht zooxanthellae from carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight.
State the method of nutrition of these organisms.What is Zooxanthellae and Coral?

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内18/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider the following chemical react9+rm lt howr gk/v qk1)ub9(6qb9e 8yiion:


Identify which of the following is not represented by this reaction.

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内19/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Simplified systems diagram of aa9)b - lqrc5a0rjz6i the movement of carbon in the ocean


With reference to the figure, identify the processes involved in the carbon cycle.What is I;II;III and IV?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内20/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State which of the following terms best describes organisms t2f5yjbu t08m*)pacf like earthworms that ingest and then break down and digest non-living organict)8u0*f25p a yjbc ftm materials.

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内21/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Ecological pyras+y-sxf6n *fo z tth4:t75kjqmid of numbers


Determine the food chain that might be represented by this pyramid.

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内22/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Population densities of a predator and itb,m5q4 ty f:+9vixelqs prey


[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内23/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  List the statements that are tr ,/+9 iustl9 ojkmguf5ue about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I.
DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II.
DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III.
DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticide.

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内24/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A student set up an aquatic mesocosm using a commx x qa8m)az0ka9g fg08ercially available seawater-filled glass orb, which included algae, shrimp, some corals and gravel. The student placed it near a window to provide a light sozaaf89g max)k80 g xq0urce. Which of the following statements are true?

I. The algae are autotrophs, produce carbon compounds and provide oxygen for organisms in the mesocosm
II. Saprotrophs present in the water and gravel help to recycle nutrients found in dead organisms
III. Herbivores usually present in a natural ecosystem can be excluded in the mesocosm

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内25/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify which of the fol9yhpgr.t* v(v:n .um vlowing is an example of transformation.

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内26/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: A natural energy convers.a3xzze93q2dwln4e jion system


Identify the trophic classification of creatures that would best fit in the green box in the figure.

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内27/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: The buildup of :5ov)j/ zmfollcc8: dxqw 2 er5 /fn9utoxins in food chains




[Paulsen, O (2018). The_build_up_of_toxins_in_a_food_chain. Wikimedia.org. Retrieved June 20, 2023 from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/The_build_up_of_toxins_in_a_food_chain.svg CC BY-SA-3.0]
Using the Figure, calculate the amount of increase in ppm of toxins from the algae to the fisherman.

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内28/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify which of the following statements is false when discuhucea0. 8sd/-)1 o6qhyio c uzssing a pyramid of0qu1 d)8ezshhcc-.6u o o ai/y biomass.

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内29/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: A pyramid of enep grhtnm--0c3v- 6ajc rgy


If the sun provided 5 million joules of energy to the phytoplankton, estimate how much energy the small fish would be able to provide to larger fish that might consume them.

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内30/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Name the correct units for representingxp7*r( b::opp +al95 wv.p*tcz ptjvs productivity in an ecosystem.

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内31/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: an Arctic marine fx7i+lm uwcq0cu (7sg;ood web


[File: Arctic Marine Food web.jpg - Wikimedia Commons. Example of an Arctic food web. Cmglee (2003, October). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.jpg Copyright free CCA by 3.0]
Draw a food chain from the food web shown in the Figure.

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内32/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: a food web in afsy;za88/hriev 7 n4d soil ecosystem




[Adapted from Ingham, E. R. (n.d.). Natural Resources Conservation Service. Soil Food Web | NRCS Soils. Retrieved April 16, 2022, from https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detailfull/soils/health/biology/?cid=nrcs142p2_053868. Copyright free.]
Deduce which organism in the food web is not assigned to its correct mode of nutrition.

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内33/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the statement f;2wmzx gt9 8sthat does not accurately describe a food web.

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内34/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the pyramid of numbet kt3pmcmfc.9e t5h5)rs that could exist in a savannah system with parasites on a consume5)cf3k meph5c .mtt9tr like the lions

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内35/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Distinguish photosynthesis and respiration yn7ce8o;ss(m correctly from the options below.What is Photosynthesis and R (ssn8yc7;om eespiration?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内36/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the statements that describe the use oc ftsv s0.,s0d j (0:en-;wis bqx.jidf DDT as an insecticide.
I. Certain chemicals tend to concentrate in higher trophic levels of the food chain.
II. DDT is a chemical that can be added to water bodies to control mosquito larvae.
III. Populations most affected by DDT due to biomagnification were fish and birds; therefore, this chemical has been banned in some countries.

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内1/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
第 3 题组 (共 20 题 20 分)
  State in what form energy is lost93wv ll/ic5rx from ecosystems.

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内2/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State the name of the prvq; ps ;;eiv16 .cy0 xa(j*thnpwnn7oocess that converts carbon dioxide in the air to carbohydsv(0xynpqic p6;w ae.7 t;j n1h; o*vnrates.

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内3/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  There is continuous cycling of r2r 8 50w houyew33;;a bueolccarbon from the atmosphere to other carbon sinks.o 0ub;2c;rrul3we5h ae wo3 8y
Identify the main source of energy for the carbon cycle.

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内4/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the processew2t3pj4v jr i*6j wyg8s in the carbon cycle that requires the longest time.

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内5/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Flow of energy in an ecosystem /7j84d4gd tb drsj60ce per area per year


Estimate the percentage of energy from the producers reaches the tertiary consumers.

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内6/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the statements that urbqli.*0idb1mpl .9:mcpm 9// ptph are true.
I. Living organisms release energy from organic compounds and convert it to heat during the process of respiration.
II. Since heat cannot be transformed into other forms of energy it is lost from ecosystems.
III. Light energy from the sun is converted to chemical energy by producers and then converted to heat during respiration.

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内7/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State how Net Secondary Productivity (NSP) can be calc9qm f7mi21:*dzjsmyla 9e e9 9vjesu2- lf1vzulated.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内8/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: A simplified diagragq7ey0iwr .5 d;ekk/ ln w.ic/m of the marine carbon cycle



Identify which of the following correctly matches the Roman numerals on the figure with the process.What is I,II,III and IV?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内9/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Movement of carbon through the c/b4it:wv+8ucgqpt - z4 ra el(arbon cycle


[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). File
cycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]
Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.What is I. and II.?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内10/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Energy flow in an ecosystfm9chri -jm* y00 qyl ss:5ob4j8dw2*aa2cxnem


The Figure shows the flow of energy per unit area per year in arbitrary units. Gross production is the total kJ obtained through photosynthesis, and net production is the kJ remaining after respiration.
Calculate the percentage of net production (kJ after respiration) that is lost to decomposers by primary consumers.

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内11/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Energy flow in a terrestriale09cz-e p:i5*ejnc+bq 3 fuxf ecosystem in kJ m2yr1



Calculate the percentage flow of net primary productivity (NPP) from producers to tertiary consumers.

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内12/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the statements3ktxpcqxs /w1w v 13( that is not true of denitrifying bacteria.

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内13/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify which of the dl8o /-lviioe/am, p3m94o z ufollowing is not a human-induced effect on the nitrogen cycz/ e l i /m8oalu-4i9mdvo,op3le.

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内14/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Average per ca oltb34 .lx+mt kkign)l4-1pvpita CO2 emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014




[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.
What is Luxembourg (tonnes) and Brazil (tonnes)?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内15/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  List the changes in biodiversity, GPP and NPP as primary succession priwmtoo.3l(i7 7* aerjogresses from a pioneer community to a climax community. 7wet(mali.7ijr *oo3
What is Biodiversity; GPP and NPP?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内16/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify which of the folyo4; bgerr42vc. w oe/lowing is an example of transformation.

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内17/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Average per capitak8kitm 8x7*wk 2b hh:c CO2emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low CO2 emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high CO2 emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of CO2 emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内18/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An experiment was carried out using bottles 2 vdl 45h0s+;b5pi+o akkwn6wgq0vxp / -xkvgwith an Elodea plant in water. One was kept in light and the othe 5xh a 0/vlsixwg40v5;+ vn-q+2kkp6 pwd kbgor in darkness. The dissolved oxygen values were obtained at the beginning of the experiment and after two days in both bottles.


What is GPP ;NPP and R?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内19/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Earth's carbon storages & annual flows in G.io41zd hzrt33zr9b: uk21ov yanq j2T yr1



[Source: Adapted from NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (n.d.) Measuring & Analyzing Greenhouse Gases: Behind the Scenes. Retrieved March 20, 2022, from https://gml.noaa.gov/outreach/behind_the_scenes/gases.html . Copyright under Public Domain]
Using the Figure, calculate a net flow of carbon.

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65#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) (组内20/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Figure: Capture fisheries by region 1988-202 g)vf tpw3 ndu+ i)/r*rhsw2z*n+v eu3cr-xd )0


[Adapted from OurWorldinData.org (2021) Capture fishery production. Retrieved Sept 8, 2023 from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/capture-fishery-production?time=1988..latest CC BY 3.0]
Capture fisheries involve species that are generally higher up in the food chain, often feeding as secondary consumers. Suggest two possible impacts overfishing of these species might have on the ecosystems they belong to.
2
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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内1/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
第 4 题组 (共 10 题 10 分)
  Figure: Selected data fod.t- vs0loer)r a biome

Deduce the biome represented by the information in the Figure.

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内2/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Climate grap-qwurxge s6i8x1 dwnd2 4)c t1h of Rome, Italy



[Data source: Servizio Meteorologico dell'Aeronautica Militare. (2000). Average monthly rainfall and temperature for Rome. Retrieved 25 July 2023 from https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stazione_meteorologica_di_Roma_Ciampino. Copyright free.]
Identify the average monthly rainfall (mm) for Rome in March.

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内3/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Describe the concept of "zonation’’by choosing one or more statem8xi:s3kbx 7 (n+qva sji b(xk+ents from the followi (is3x+qnaxj7kiv +8s: bk (bxng.
I. Zonation is the changes in communities along an ecological gradient such as changes in altitude up a mountainside.
II. Zonation is normally studied using transect methods along the environmental gradient.
III. Environmental changes as applicable to zonation are linear changes of biotic or abiotic factors. Distinct communities form as these factors change.

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内4/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Biomes are characterizerqps4b pm8b5ko, be19 d by climatic patterns and other physical variables. List the main factors that characm,e krbps5 pbq b4o198terize the terrestrial biomes.

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内5/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State which is not a description of the rainforest bio.c0vd d, h1wsbme.

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内6/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the correct statement related to diversity in an v-. /t tkjm6fiecosystem.

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72#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内7/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Climate graph o:, 1f rcsikfx*ay1us* w6g er-f Rome, Italy


[Data source: Servizio Meteorologico dell'Aeronautica Militare. (2000). Average monthly rainfall and temperature for Rome. Retrieved 25 July 2023 from https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stazione_meteorologica_di_Roma_Ciampino. Copyright free]
Calculate the percentage increase from the month with the lowest rainfall to the month with the highest rainfall in Rome, Italy.

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73#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内8/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Net primary productivity and biomass of two herbivo.gitxmi i00+qam+gj biy /5x4res in different biom ayxt.0mx450ii/bqi++ img jges


Identify the biomes that are likely to be shown in the graph.
What is Biome A and Biome B?

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74#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内9/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  List the changes in biodiversity, GPP andv;9 ue+lsmq b)vg jd*( NPP as primary succession progresses from a pioneer community to a climax c;svm eq( v*dujb9g l+)ommunity.
What is Biodiversity, GPP and NPP?

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75#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内10/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify which of the following statements is not 52fzg e+ +e/2qvhiszo correct in describing the changes in +ho+ 5 ez22sqg/feziv productivity during primary succession.

GPP: Gross Primary Productivity
GSP: Gross Secondary Productivity

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76#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内1/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
第 5 题组 (共 10 题 10 分)
  State the abiotic factor that can be measured using a Secchi dqb4f/ 3;z6sbj9p2+yox yqg f *hks. 4ca*bwebisk.

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77#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内2/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Set-up to inv39q8k1he a6ahr xv9ryhf i*b/estigate the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis r6*hqbe9xaiav/kyr 3f1h 9 8h



[© Revision Village 2022. Created with Chemix (https://chemix.org)]
Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

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78#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内3/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  

Leaf stem longer than 2 cm go to 2
Leaf stem shorter than 2 cm go to 3

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79#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内4/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: A quadrat in a fielrit2 :f70iy 3hyyue2wd



The Figure shows a field with small yellow and medium blue flowers, as well as some four-leaf clover.
Calculate the percentage frequency of the small yellow flowers.

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80#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内5/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An entomologist used a series of insect trmws8 .ami1f /*v9oyf saps to capture specimens of beetle A. On the first day, 1656 insects were caught, of which 324 were beetle A and were marked..mwosffv81y i *a/ms9 The next day the traps held 1185 insects, of which 21 were marked individuals out of a total of 469 of this species.
Estimate the size of the population of beetle A using the Lincoln index.
Lincoln index = n1×n2nm
where

n1 is the number caught in the first sample
n2 is the number caught in the second sample
nm is the number caught in the second sample that were marked

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81#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内6/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  To increase the reliabnq+5 66xs23 trpfg.jamu h)m dility of the data, it is important to take multiple readings of tfpq xun.mg)3562ar6+ jh stdmhe same factor.
Identify the factor that would require the most readings to ensure its reliability.

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82#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内7/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Equipment used in ecological sampling y6s,vs0qfnfms q /,tyd 6ns1-lx1s w1


[Wondrak-Biel, A. (2011) Equipment used to determine soil stability. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 2, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Equipment_used_for_determining_soil_stability._%28bdfac7b9-e781-44d1-a75f-6e44f84ec5be%29.jpg. Public Domain]
Label the device in the Figure indicated by the arrow.

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83#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内8/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Species data for two samples of Willow Cr44 fo8xpka g5u ph)bu:eek




Use the formula to calculate Simpson’s Diversity Index for the north sample.

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84#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内9/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Species data for speci0)hecm 0fi st*x4e/ki es sampled in two parts of Willow Creek




Willow Creek runs north to south past Happy City. Ecologists want to investigate the effect the city is having on the diversity of the Willow Creek ecosystem.
Calculate Simpson’s Diversity Index for the locations north and south of the city to determine the effect of the city on the creek.

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85#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内10/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State which of the following samplivwf.*gbz( 6r ;huln6o ng techniques is not effective for sampling mo66ln go* vzr;b(wufh .tile (moving) specimens.

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