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习题练习:IB ESS Unit 2: Ecosystems & Ecology



 作者: admin发布日期: 2024-09-27 20:49   总分: 85分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年04月15日 20:47  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内1/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
第 1 题组 (共 9 题 9 分)
  What is the best definition ) 8eovk 7hfa7ufor a species?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内2/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  igure: Climate graph of Rome, Italy 0pea: 7jsb cpo bd.n;ngu-24r


[Data source: Servizio Meteorologico dell'Aeronautica Militare. (2000). Average monthly rainfall and temperature for Rome. Retrieved 25 July 2023 from https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stazione_meteorologica_di_Roma_Ciampino. Copyright free.]
Identify the average monthly rainfall (mm) for Rome in March.

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内3/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  List three factors that could describe a species' niche.What is l(wb l4*c2;s rc)sucrketf 5.Factor 1 ;Factor 2;F;) f*2rstulkcrc4e b .cs (wl5actor 3?

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内4/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Growth curve of a populatircwl8 ke10+m nt3/4 ykmk5dvton


Identify the part of the graph that shows an ‘overshoot' of the population.

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内5/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Life cycle of a Schistosoma speciei+z)wh19wms/oce w2jhs 9pon. 2pv.r s



[Created with Servier Medical Art. CC BY 3.0]
The figure shows the life cycle of a flatworm of the genus Schistosoma. It spends part of its life in a species of ramshorn snail and part of its life in humans. It feeds on these hosts.
State the type of interaction between the human and the flatworm.

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内6/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The okapi looks like a small-sized giraffe and hahzom4. vt4(t r/ucqkj.md ) 2js stripes that resemble the zebra. It lives in the Ituri Forest in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Okapis eat the leaves and buds of trees they can reach. They also graze on grass and ferns and eat fruit. Okapis tend to be solitary animals and the mother gives birth zcvmu o4/4dtmrq)t(2k. jh.jto one offspring which continues to be dependent on the mother’s milk for six months. When they are four to five years old, they are mature and can breed, but only with other okapis.
Which of the following statements is applicable to the okapi?
I. Okapi is a hybrid of a giraffe and a zebra
II. Okapi is an herbivore
III. Okapi is its own species

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内7/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Determine which of the groups of organisms i89g:6 1jvc 8w c6x;8xrh/avfogi nodss a population.

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内8/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Fact file on the grey wolf (Canis lupus)Wolves occu2h+ weduurctix 5ctn44 z ,y77r naturally in North America and Eurasia.Wolves prey on wild animals such as deer, boar and hares, keeping their population numbers in check.Wolves may prey on domestic animals such as sheep, causing an economic loss to the sheepherder.A mature female wolf may give birth to 6-8 pups yearly.Wolves are 4 2eitzc r7 u5wuctn4h yd,x7+territorial, claiming a large area of land for their pack.Humans have hunted wolves to extinction in several countries.Most countries in the European Union now protect the wolf by law.Since 2015, wolves have returned to The Netherlands, a small, densely populated northern European country.Approximately 20% of the land area in The Netherlands is protected in some way or another.Identify a factor that may limit the growth of the wolf population in The Netherlands.

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内9/9) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the graph that j;a*tesai80 0;tc uts best reflects the growth of a population over time.





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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内1/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
第 2 题组 (共 36 题 36 分)
  Crabs, earthworms, mites and snd3m0ecc3uu7 k ails feed on the remains of dead plants and anima0c7e3 mcu k3udls.
State the name of organisms that feed this way.

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内2/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: The buildup of toxins in foodw(sqbmbu8vuy ubzb4r :oe0( 5t5r 5o 7;wg3xq chains


[Paulsen, O (2018). The_build_up_of_toxins_in_a_food_chain. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 20, 2023 from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/The_build_up_of_toxins_in_a_food_chain.svg. CC BY-SA-3.0]
Identify the process that is represented by the Figure.

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内3/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Arctic cod, ringed seaw7kj- bt* pnich(l.a 7l, killer whale, polar bear and other organisms live and inteinp77* aw-(t.bhklj cract with each other in the cold waters of the Arctic Ocean.
State the best term to describe them.

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内4/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State in what form energy is losgws9 t /jq 3r/tz;3jvmt from ecosystems.

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内5/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Rainforests are known to have tall trees and a large biomas2+.ojuo*;jl)xhah b 9ari o2ch f p1gfh/2 o,ms with high productivity, despite infertile soils. The growing co ,rxjcfh9+/u2ho1g al2hmfh o)oa2.ji p* b;onditions have been known to nurture the presence of many interdependent organisms. These species also interact with the physical environment they inhabit.
Deduce which of the following is described here.

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内6/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the statement that is a correct devck 7 0hnpdq0qhh6 8(fop/6yg scription of a food chain.

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内7/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Some fungi obtain nutrients by releasing /ri*d (1hz qi:toz t2vdigestive enzymes into their surroundings. The enzymes break down things such as dead and *qt1zd(zi/ hrv2i:ot decaying leaves, and the fungi then absorb the products.
State the terms that best describe these fungi.

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内8/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: An integrated ri1 .cywgs. /gqpce cultivation system


[Created with BioRender.com]
The figure shows a rice cultivation system that eliminates the need for fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides by using ducks in the organic cultivation of rice. In addition, Azolla, an aquatic floating fern, is grown on these fields because it harbours blue-green algae which can fix atmospheric nitrogen. Using this system, rice, ducks, and fish can all be produced for human consumption in one location.
Which option includes two of the autotrophs in the system?

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内9/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State the units used for pyramids whmje8cu3s1 9ig+k0-vo ohc cs(-i(q of energy.

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内10/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  List three factors that could describe a species' niche.What is Factohu0k+a w8x8 aor 1; Factor 2 and Facto80xo+ 8 huawkar 3?

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内11/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Graph of the rate of photosynthesic./sami4 g7e is at different temperatures

Suggest a possible conclusion from this graph.

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内12/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: An integrated rie. e18 .lf wfht*cgp;mce cultivation system


[Created with BioRender.com]
The illustration shows a rice cultivation system that eliminates the need for fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides by raising ducks in rice paddies. Additionally, Azolla, an aquatic floating fern, is grown in these fields because they harbour blue-green algae that can fix atmospheric nitrogen. This system produces duck, fish and rice for human consumption.
Draw a possible food chain for the rice cultivation system shown in the image.

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内13/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Determined




Which of the pyramids could be a pyramid of productivity (in $KJm^{-2}yr^{-1}$)

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内14/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The okapi looks like a small-sized giraffe and hs abr93 2p:xkyas stripes that resemble the zebra. It lives in the Ituri Forest in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Okapis eat the leaves and buds of treer92xsy3:b k aps they can reach. They also graze on grass and ferns and eat fruit. Okapis tend to be solitary animals and the mother gives birth to one offspring which continues to be dependent on the mother’s milk for six months. When they are four to five years old, they are mature and can breed, but only with other okapis.
Which of the following statements is applicable to the okapi?
I. Okapi is a hybrid of a giraffe and a zebra
II. Okapi is an herbivore
III. Okapi is its own species

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内15/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the incorrect description of energy flow in a terrestrc77bjqzyhxn-z0v tn-bup if 3;ps6 ( 9ial ecosystem.

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内16/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: A marine food web wn.q du9g nj7)m9p:wd



[Source: Cmglee. (2003, October). File: Arctic Food Web.svg - Wikimedia Commons. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved April 14, 2022, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Arctic_food_web.svg. Copyright under CC BY-SA 3.0]
State which organism is both a secondary and a tertiary consumer.

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内17/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Zooxanthellae are algae that live inside coral. Ca8 7nfr;b0ju t)ld6ws08 mc yvorals feed on the carbon compounds produced by zooxanma8usv twldrj)f7 ; c86 bn00ythellae from carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight.
State the method of nutrition of these organisms.What is Zooxanthellae and Coral?

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内18/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider the following chemical reactio -lugxnki-i+lbz+p531 i 2un+zvg p2in:


Identify which of the following is not represented by this reaction.

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内19/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Simplified systems diagram oux0h 4-qi ) s):pfpktpf the movement of carbon in the ocean


With reference to the figure, identify the processes involved in the carbon cycle.What is I;II;III and IV?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内20/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State which of the following terms best desc3efk d qx4mj-sr-/-4hvadj/gribes organisms like earthworms that ingest and then break down and digest non-living oxk4ev d/q4/rs h--jd-j3mfag rganic materials.

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内21/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Ecological pydt-dt +g01r+2 cgkrv nramid of numbers


Determine the food chain that might be represented by this pyramid.

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内22/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Population dens+hnjgd93t +:lm8b9yv va 8,lkcay7k uities of a predator and its prey


[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内23/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  List the statements thate o 1o(k:rf4*hml pl9o are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I.
DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II.
DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III.
DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticide.

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内24/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A student set up an aqhj,1z73..k i ho05jsvfftija uatic mesocosm using a commercially available seawater-filled glass orb, which included algae, shrimp, some corals and gravel. The student placed it near a window to provide a light source. Which of the followint,.1 oshhjv73jaffjz k 5ii .0g statements are true?

I. The algae are autotrophs, produce carbon compounds and provide oxygen for organisms in the mesocosm
II. Saprotrophs present in the water and gravel help to recycle nutrients found in dead organisms
III. Herbivores usually present in a natural ecosystem can be excluded in the mesocosm

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内25/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify which of the following is an example ofzkkyfi/+r7- h transformation.

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内26/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: A natural ene k f6 xvvd. 20mzbfm-r bwtcx;a6:j;)frgy conversion system


Identify the trophic classification of creatures that would best fit in the green box in the figure.

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内27/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: The buildup of toxins in food zksx/6ei 9 8io hl.ha2chains




[Paulsen, O (2018). The_build_up_of_toxins_in_a_food_chain. Wikimedia.org. Retrieved June 20, 2023 from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/The_build_up_of_toxins_in_a_food_chain.svg CC BY-SA-3.0]
Using the Figure, calculate the amount of increase in ppm of toxins from the algae to the fisherman.

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内28/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify which of the followinko8nbi0n1,xr w/m/v gg statements is false when discussing a pyramid of biomass. ki0wg,vnn m/rox1/ 8b

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内29/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: A pyramid of en7 u/en/iim n/lz+ qjzibq/ yqfae45z/pl 3u26 ergy


If the sun provided 5 million joules of energy to the phytoplankton, estimate how much energy the small fish would be able to provide to larger fish that might consume them.

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内30/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Name the correct units for representing productivity in a79qo198nvnq4bpgf j ye4 drh::iyg q1n ecosystem.

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内31/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: an Arctic marine*1l-dad qfbw8 3cqfv6fn rl;4 food web


[File: Arctic Marine Food web.jpg - Wikimedia Commons. Example of an Arctic food web. Cmglee (2003, October). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.jpg Copyright free CCA by 3.0]
Draw a food chain from the food web shown in the Figure.

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内32/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: a food web in a soil ecosyste4 bgyd,:sz 9ag.z mg:rm




[Adapted from Ingham, E. R. (n.d.). Natural Resources Conservation Service. Soil Food Web | NRCS Soils. Retrieved April 16, 2022, from https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detailfull/soils/health/biology/?cid=nrcs142p2_053868. Copyright free.]
Deduce which organism in the food web is not assigned to its correct mode of nutrition.

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内33/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the statement tr5 pfd1sp*cbv24j7sbe r. tz3cd*qw zs :b,2mhat does not accurately describe a food web.

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内34/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the pyramid of numbers that coul,f, dwmwlqa(yw5 y8k5d exist in a savannah system with parasites olywfkww5 , m ad(y8,q5n a consumer like the lions

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内35/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Distinguish photosynthesis and rec ;y9wk7/hnj lspiration correctly from the options below.What is Photosynthesis and ;h/jlnk9 7ycwRespiration?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内36/36) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the statements that describe the use of DDT as an insecticide. j9qjvjw5 mj7/
I. Certain chemicals tend to concentrate in higher trophic levels of the food chain.
II. DDT is a chemical that can be added to water bodies to control mosquito larvae.
III. Populations most affected by DDT due to biomagnification were fish and birds; therefore, this chemical has been banned in some countries.

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内1/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
第 3 题组 (共 20 题 20 分)
  State in what form energy is lost from ecosy -opo+1zstf u(stems.

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内2/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State the name of the process that conukt9 aq n:m+ct/w),izverts carbon dioxide in the air to carbohydrates.)a ttc/i9z:mq,w ukn +

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内3/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  There is continuous cycling of carbon from the atmosphere to other carbon 19d6novwv.eazi fa4cltgv ) :d,g z -9sinks. 9alg 1vv .-cg: t,9ed4zf nzvod6)ia w
Identify the main source of energy for the carbon cycle.

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内4/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the processes in the carbon cycle that requires the longest t8)nq zfae-82rzi gsoocu+p*1 ime.

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内5/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Flow of energy in an ecosystem / per area pvmxe(wfx98 4 mn5 9tower year


Estimate the percentage of energy from the producers reaches the tertiary consumers.

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内6/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the statemennwyj1f +u6lfx uv6-w) ts that are true.
I. Living organisms release energy from organic compounds and convert it to heat during the process of respiration.
II. Since heat cannot be transformed into other forms of energy it is lost from ecosystems.
III. Light energy from the sun is converted to chemical energy by producers and then converted to heat during respiration.

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内7/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State how Net Secondary Productivity (NSP) c6 )i49dsul+s) hbnbaxan be calculated.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内8/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: A simplified diagram of the marine carbon vy ln 8h t(phkl9 y7,d,0dzju0q:7oqycycle



Identify which of the following correctly matches the Roman numerals on the figure with the process.What is I,II,III and IV?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内9/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbon cycley4 6mfh1 3uf5sfwc)c6 uw ouh+


[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). File
cycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]
Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.What is I. and II.?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内10/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Energy flow in an ecosq1f(om / que5vystem


The Figure shows the flow of energy per unit area per year in arbitrary units. Gross production is the total kJ obtained through photosynthesis, and net production is the kJ remaining after respiration.
Calculate the percentage of net production (kJ after respiration) that is lost to decomposers by primary consumers.

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内11/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Energy flow in a terrestrial ecosystem in kJ f 1su)pm9h1yey5zxm*$m^{-2}yr^{-1}$



Calculate the percentage flow of net primary productivity (NPP) from producers to tertiary consumers.

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内12/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the statement that is not true 19-*cmmdl57s myvbivof denitrifying bacteria.

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内13/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify which of the following is not a human-induced effect on the nit;n z50 mz9 mgqj0t-4z wx 9ujmlt:rree+3x1udrogen cy+z4 g;5tj t13x:jrwrxlem0 zqzm 99ud0- muencle.

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内14/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Average per capita d(sbav4fyw b9c-7flzg e5 q;;$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014




[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.
What is Luxembourg (tonnes) and Brazil (tonnes)?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内15/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  List the changes in biodiversmy4ls5fi,h zsmpm.mim/ x1 ) 6ity, GPP and NPP as primary succession progresses from a pioneer /i4mmzls h1y,ix5s)m mmf p.6community to a climax community.
What is Biodiversity; GPP and NPP?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内16/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify which of the following is an example of tw63gc,l u(ay ;tgbg2bransformation.

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内17/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Average per cap lhibv *knt8v/9pc) +dy76lhlita $CO_2$emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内18/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An experiment was carried out using bottles with an Elodea plant ,rg m l6v4ni+tin water. One was i4r6t ,mvnl+g kept in light and the other in darkness. The dissolved oxygen values were obtained at the beginning of the experiment and after two days in both bottles.


What is GPP ;NPP and R?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内19/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Earth's carbon storages & annual 9 m9gflv9, aq9qc7 avgflows in GT $yr^{-1}$



[Source: Adapted from NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (n.d.) Measuring & Analyzing Greenhouse Gases: Behind the Scenes. Retrieved March 20, 2022, from https://gml.noaa.gov/outreach/behind_the_scenes/gases.html . Copyright under Public Domain]
Using the Figure, calculate a net flow of carbon.

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65#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) (组内20/20) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Figure: Capture fisheries by region 1988-2020y h:xo2t*a1, g md3l4shx;ikn2a;cww


[Adapted from OurWorldinData.org (2021) Capture fishery production. Retrieved Sept 8, 2023 from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/capture-fishery-production?time=1988..latest CC BY 3.0]
Capture fisheries involve species that are generally higher up in the food chain, often feeding as secondary consumers. Suggest two possible impacts overfishing of these species might have on the ecosystems they belong to.
2
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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内1/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
第 4 题组 (共 10 题 10 分)
  Figure: Selected data f.ro.g tl,5 q.h xs(hmior a biome

Deduce the biome represented by the information in the Figure.

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内2/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Climate graph of Rome, Itamhhcm r*mb * t3b*u7s(ly



[Data source: Servizio Meteorologico dell'Aeronautica Militare. (2000). Average monthly rainfall and temperature for Rome. Retrieved 25 July 2023 from https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stazione_meteorologica_di_Roma_Ciampino. Copyright free.]
Identify the average monthly rainfall (mm) for Rome in March.

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内3/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Describe the concept of "zonation’zu b4yqd8 l)u 7nj/k0t’by choosing one or more statements from the following.7/0lq4dn) bu 8yjk zut
I. Zonation is the changes in communities along an ecological gradient such as changes in altitude up a mountainside.
II. Zonation is normally studied using transect methods along the environmental gradient.
III. Environmental changes as applicable to zonation are linear changes of biotic or abiotic factors. Distinct communities form as these factors change.

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内4/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Biomes are characterized by climatic patterns and other physice 8qdybgi,;vjk; cy9*al variables. List the main factors that characterize the terrest bv*ijyd ;c;,e9kg qy8rial biomes.

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内5/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State which is not a *r(h 7kx f;.jpr;ofcb4qne 9iq9 h9ifdescription of the rainforest biome.

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内6/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify the correct statement related iuh) pl5eu x10to diversity in an ecosystem.

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72#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内7/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Climate graph oaae /:q: r 1eml25w)h 2bdiuwhf Rome, Italy


[Data source: Servizio Meteorologico dell'Aeronautica Militare. (2000). Average monthly rainfall and temperature for Rome. Retrieved 25 July 2023 from https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stazione_meteorologica_di_Roma_Ciampino. Copyright free]
Calculate the percentage increase from the month with the lowest rainfall to the month with the highest rainfall in Rome, Italy.

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73#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内8/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Net primary productivigbtn*p* 7zjz 0ty and biomass of two herbivores in different biome * zjzpntg*0b7s


Identify the biomes that are likely to be shown in the graph.
What is Biome A and Biome B?

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74#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内9/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  List the changes in biodivd 3l-n,g0 -b niq:cmbfersity, GPP and NPP as primary succession progresses from a pioneer cb0-qg:lm3 fni db,cn-ommunity to a climax community.
What is Biodiversity, GPP and NPP?

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75#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内10/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Identify which of the following statements is not correct in desc3i*nw cipce24 ribing the chan42pincci3 *e wges in productivity during primary succession.

GPP: Gross Primary Productivity
GSP: Gross Secondary Productivity

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76#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内1/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
第 5 题组 (共 10 题 10 分)
  State the abiotic factor+z.9a 89wj mv zur aq,vw/nkj8 w*sc1m that can be measured using a Secchi disk.

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77#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内2/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Set-up to investigate the effect of tempepdl;3wp-di 2unj86p4wbp tb 4rature on the rate of photosynthesiw p8- 6t244pbdlnbpu3wj i;pds



[© Revision Village 2022. Created with Chemix (https://chemix.org)]
Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

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78#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内3/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  

Leaf stem longer than 2 cm go to 2
Leaf stem shorter than 2 cm go to 3

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79#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内4/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: A quadrat in a fiel7e 0bajuydjn 9yynr-xe.j 9lw 2 (i))sd



The Figure shows a field with small yellow and medium blue flowers, as well as some four-leaf clover.
Calculate the percentage frequency of the small yellow flowers.

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80#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内5/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An entomologist used a series of insect trapsup +hvx5: 6thd*fi7k j to capture specimens of beetle A. On the first day, 1656 insects were caught, of which 324 were beetle A5 h:h *+fdt7jpxkvu6 i and were marked. The next day the traps held 1185 insects, of which 21 were marked individuals out of a total of 469 of this species.
Estimate the size of the population of beetle A using the Lincoln index.
Lincoln index = $\frac{n_1 \times n_2}{n_m}$
where

$n_1$ is the number caught in the first sample
$n_2$ is the number caught in the second sample
$n_m$ is the number caught in the second sample that were marked

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81#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内6/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  To increase the reliability of the data, it ,:w58 la /iy2s4-xkh j (ktpyne l2tmmis important to take multiple reading -y tm5,kh:n/p4il xlay28est2wm j k(s of the same factor.
Identify the factor that would require the most readings to ensure its reliability.

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82#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内7/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Equipment used in ecological samplinylp2;8fah 6n o g2izv-g


[Wondrak-Biel, A. (2011) Equipment used to determine soil stability. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 2, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Equipment_used_for_determining_soil_stability._%28bdfac7b9-e781-44d1-a75f-6e44f84ec5be%29.jpg. Public Domain]
Label the device in the Figure indicated by the arrow.

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83#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内8/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Species data for two samples of Willow Crpfr d;j) (djw62h d6n3y5lsx ceek




Use the formula to calculate Simpson’s Diversity Index for the north sample.

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84#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内9/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Figure: Species data for species sampled in twe6 nby 3qdn a 5/hpa0.j41blizo parts of Willow Creek




Willow Creek runs north to south past Happy City. Ecologists want to investigate the effect the city is having on the diversity of the Willow Creek ecosystem.
Calculate Simpson’s Diversity Index for the locations north and south of the city to determine the effect of the city on the creek.

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85#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) (组内10/10) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  State which of the followinpo*5 zm :u8q :wu(qeulg sampling techniques is not effective for sampling motile (moving)8qp o:l:qu*uezum( 5 w specimens.

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