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?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?1 st law of Thermal Dynamics

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习题练习：1 st law of Thermal Dynamics

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2024-08-04 20:40 总分: 18分得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录开始时间: 24年08月04日 20:40 切换到: 整卷模式

1#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

15.25: A gas undergoes the unusual proc ugtflqh30 9i zrr*d4.ess M $\to$ N in the pressure vs. volume graph shown. Which one of the following choices properly represents the signs of the internal energy change of the gas $\Delta$U, the total energy transferred as heat to the gas Q, and the total work done on the gas by the surroundings W, for this process?

A. $\Delta$U is Positive Q is Negative W is Positive

B. $\Delta$U is Negative Q is Positive W is Negative

C. $\Delta$U is Negative Q is Negative W is Negative

D. $\Delta$U is Positive Q is Positive W is Negative

E. $\Delta$U is Negative Q is Negative W is Positive

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

03.28: When gas escapes from a pressurizf 1t-3 mu(nonminr1t 2/ ty3jted cylinder, the stream of gas feels coo mrt2 uoyj n- if1n3tn31/t(tml. This is because

A. work is being done at the expense of thermal energy

B. of the convection inside the cylinder

C. pressurized cylinders are good thermal insulators

D. the gas inside the cylinder is actually frozen

E. the moisture in the air condenses and cools

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

94.35: A gas can be taken from state a to c by two different reversibley 5 h+oqmmvf5o8 *5pde processes, a→c or a→b→c. During the direct process a→c, 20.0 J of work are done by the system and 30.0 J of heat are added to the system. During the process a→b→c, 25.0 J of 5+fqe8hpd moov*55 ymheat are added to the system. How much work is done by the system during a→b→c?

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

06.26: In the Pressure versus Volume graph shown, in the process of going frox at;lng;)iadj, :eg+ m a to b 60 J of ht ;na+,gg)xdja;el i:eat are added, and in the process of going from b to d 20 J of heat are added. In the process of going a to c to d, what is the total heat added?

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5#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

96.22: When an ideal gas is dcf+sulus51vtp,rjp8c( 7) f isothermally compressed:

A. thermal energy flows from the gas to the surroundings.

B. the temperature of the gas decreases.

C. no thermal energy enters or leaves the gas.

D. the temperature of the gas increases.

E. thermal energy flows from the surroundings to the gas.

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6#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

97.15: Which of the following is always true for an isothermal process of ag7fi.1r1d lvo u 8+rocn ide1 g d.v7 ou1oilr8fc+ral gas?

A. The internal energy does not change.

B. No heat flows into or out of the system.

C. The pressure does not change.

D. The volume does not change.

E. No work is done by or on the system.

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

13.31: A monatomic ideal gas undel6h delelv+jvom/5:/e e;q o-rgoes a reversible isothermal expansion in an enclosed container. Which one of the following quantities associated with the gas has a value leq/e voh6lj;dm-/o5l:e+v e of zero?

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

09.33: An ideal gas undergoes an isobaric expansion followed by an ipr eos/)0ai q8sochoric cooling. Which of the following statements must be true after the completion of these proceso)/ e08 raqspises?

A. The final pressure is less than the original pressure.

B. The final volume is less than the original volume.

C. The final temperature is less than the original temperature.

D. The total quantity of heat Q, associated with these processes is positive.

E. The internal energy of the gas is unchanged.

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9#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

11.44: One mole of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes an isobaric exp xmre r;4(j3ou, 2z2ghx zhxy8ansion. In the procesur 82 zjo 2ymh(zxx;4,ehgxr3 s, the temperature of the gas increases from 300 K to 500 K. Which one of the following choices best represents the amount of work done by the gas on the surroundings?

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.46: A monatomic, ideal gas undergoes an isobaric process. During the process,mo( d)uvmi *+lbn dr7/,hvl3s the gas performs 80 joules of work on the surroundings. Which one of the following statements best describes the d,nlv/ 7+3 v(s)b*mrlhdo umiheat exchange during this process?

A. 200 joules of energy was added to the gas.

B. 200 joules of energy was removed from the gas.

C. 80 joules of energy was added to the gas.

D. 80 joules of energy was removed from the gas.

E. It cannot be determined without knowing the change in temperature for the gas.

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

07.40: Which is not true of an isochoric proc0.eligdnq;q, zeg/: v 1ohs6t/w it;wess on an enclosed ideal gas in which the pressure dec; 0 w/ /6gezg:qitt.elqohw,iv1;dsnreases?

A. The work done is zero.

B. The internal energy of the gas decreases.

C. The heat is zero.

D. The rms speed of the gas molecules decreases.

E. The gas temperature decreases.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

15.47 One mole of a d 4xvu5q4o0r 11qm8 ll w4tf(lsdl9jtmiatomic ideal gas undergoes a reversible adiabatic process. The prestt41l(80w 41lvqu9mlml jfo5 rsqxd 4 sure and volume initially are given as P = 2.0 atm and V = 30 L. If the volume is halved during the adiabatic process, how much work was done on the gas sample by the surroundings?

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

03.48: Two completely identical samples of the same ideal gas arjez4 ca4: cprq;g *1bai2j6eze in equal volume containers with the same pressure and tce4 zpz c e;ji1gqra:bj* 2a64emperature in containers labeled A and B. After the processes are performed on the gases in containers A and B, which is at the higher temperature?
The gas in container A performs non-zero work W on the surroundings during an isobaric (constant pressure) process before the pressure is reduced isochorically (constant volume) to 1/2 its initial amount.
The gas in container B has its pressure reduced isochorically (constant volume) to 1/2 its initial value and then the gas performs non-zero work W on the surroundings during an isobaric (constant pressure) process.

A. The gas in container A

B. The gas in container B

C. The gases have equal temperature

D. The value of the work W is necessary to answer this question.

E. The value of the work W is necessary, along with both the initial pressure and volume, in order to answer the question.

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

05.38: The PV diagram shows four different pow4 w/v p7bgyp:ssible reversible processes performed on a monatomic ideal gas. Process A is isobaric (constant pressure). Process B is isothermal (constant temperature). Process y:7/v4p gwpbw C is adiabatic. Process D is isochoric (constant volume). For which process(es) does the temperature of the gas decrease?

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

16.48: From a given state of P, V, and T for an ideal gas,nb*ud) b:iqb8 which one of the following reversible p db*) :niqbb8urocesses has the most heat associated with it?

A. Isothermal expansion doubling the volume

B. Isobaric expansion doubling the volume

C. Isovolumic pressure doubling

D. Adiabatic expansion doubling the volume

E. Isobaric compression halving the volume

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

04.45: Container A has a sample of monatomic ideal gas, while container B has a/. mg*g aeym6l sample of diatomic ideal gas. The two gases start with the same initial temperature, volume, pressure, and number of moles of molecules. Each gas now undergoes a reversible adiabatic processemagm*l.6 y/g that cuts the pressure in half. Which sample of gas is now at the higher temperature?

A. The gas in container A

B. The gas in container B

C. The gases have equal temperature

D. The initial value of the pressure is necessary to answer the question

E. It is invalid to ask... it is not possible for an adiabatic process to reduce pressure

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

08.44: A mole of a monatomic ideal gas has pressure P , volume V , and temperat8+om haeb ,8ody* x(eaure T . Which of the following processes would result in the greatest amount of energyea8ab xody8m+e, h(o* added to the gas from heat?

A. A process doubling the temperature at constant pressure.

B. An adiabatic free expansion doubling the volume.

C. A process doubling the pressure at constant volume.

D. An adiabatic expansion doubling the volume.

E. A process doubling the volume at constant temperature.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

13.48: Two identical samples of a monatomfxm85 u4dotl7( w ra4qic ideal gas are to undergo reversible processes. Which one of q m(7 w5al4u8rxfdo4tthe following choices is a correct statement about the heat associated with the processes?
Process 1: An isochoric pressure doubling
Process 2: An isobaric volume doubling

A. There is less heat associated with Process 1 than Process 2.

B. The heat is the same non-zero value for Processes 1 and 2.

C. There is more heat associated with Process 1 than Process 2.

D. The heat is zero for Processes 1 and 2.

E. More information is required to determine the relationship for the heats.

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