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?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?1 st law of Thermal Dynamics

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习题练习：1 st law of Thermal Dynamics

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2024-08-04 20:40 总分: 18分得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录开始时间: 24年08月04日 20:40 切换到: 整卷模式

1#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

15.25: A gas undergoes the unusual proces 7a)p5p qtde o/y:kk6cs M $\to$ N in the pressure vs. volume graph shown. Which one of the following choices properly represents the signs of the internal energy change of the gas $\Delta$U, the total energy transferred as heat to the gas Q, and the total work done on the gas by the surroundings W, for this process?

A. $\Delta$U is Positive Q is Negative W is Positive

B. $\Delta$U is Negative Q is Positive W is Negative

C. $\Delta$U is Negative Q is Negative W is Negative

D. $\Delta$U is Positive Q is Positive W is Negative

E. $\Delta$U is Negative Q is Negative W is Positive

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

03.28: When gas escapes from a pressurized cylinder, the stream h ga w y103cv yd.;ms4zw5qt ;k 8.gi9h6fpfelof gas feels cool. This is bectw w5chgem9;0is438g .zfd6hy vafk.1pl; yqause

A. work is being done at the expense of thermal energy

B. of the convection inside the cylinder

C. pressurized cylinders are good thermal insulators

D. the gas inside the cylinder is actually frozen

E. the moisture in the air condenses and cools

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

94.35: A gas can be taken from state a to c by two different reverzadviwt* f )yuxr 3p g)be57fc 5fp)+3sible processes, a→c or a→b→c. During the direct process a→c, 20.0 J of work are done by the system and 30.0 J of heat are added to the system. Duringt fcegyvxd37 *u)5 w5) zif3bpfrpa) + the process a→b→c, 25.0 J of heat are added to the system. How much work is done by the system during a→b→c?

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

06.26: In the Pressure versus Volume graph shown, in the process of going fromojrl9:)z uivt n13) ag a to b 60 J of heat are added, and in the process of going from b to d 20 J of heat are added. In the process of13vjrtoaiungl)): z 9 going a to c to d, what is the total heat added?

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5#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

96.22: When an ideal gas is isothermally compressedc(, 7752 q7(hj gnvosexujvvy zil )2f:

A. thermal energy flows from the gas to the surroundings.

B. the temperature of the gas decreases.

C. no thermal energy enters or leaves the gas.

D. the temperature of the gas increases.

E. thermal energy flows from the surroundings to the gas.

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6#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

97.15: Which of the following is always true for an isothermal process of an 8n )nq )v zlfo+/.bbksidea z/fn) . bobn8kq)+vsll gas?

A. The internal energy does not change.

B. No heat flows into or out of the system.

C. The pressure does not change.

D. The volume does not change.

E. No work is done by or on the system.

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

13.31: A monatomic ideal gas undergot,bal(v6pk;2* pzx hbes a reversible isothermal expansion in an enclosed container. Which one of the following quantities associated with the ga ;bvlh* 2t(6zxkp,b aps has a value of zero?

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

09.33: An ideal gas undergoes an t8k1nw85 aw.apa( tupu7fo:5lnk1rg isobaric expansion followed by an isochoric cooling. Which of the following statements must be trueok at.811l(wa5kwarn :8 uun7 pfg5tp after the completion of these processes?

A. The final pressure is less than the original pressure.

B. The final volume is less than the original volume.

C. The final temperature is less than the original temperature.

D. The total quantity of heat Q, associated with these processes is positive.

E. The internal energy of the gas is unchanged.

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9#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

11.44: One mole of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes an isobaricnbr b;bm w,vl11qu4j4 expansion. In the process, the temperature of the gas increases from 300 K to 500 K. Whichlj; b1 mqb4n1u4vw,br one of the following choices best represents the amount of work done by the gas on the surroundings?

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.46: A monatomic, ideal gdk czf4g,o lyj-(t0h(as undergoes an isobaric process. During the process, the gas performs 80 joules of work on the surroundings. Which one of the following statements best describes the heat exchange during thi- (dhozlcf4kj(yg0t, s process?

A. 200 joules of energy was added to the gas.

B. 200 joules of energy was removed from the gas.

C. 80 joules of energy was added to the gas.

D. 80 joules of energy was removed from the gas.

E. It cannot be determined without knowing the change in temperature for the gas.

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

07.40: Which is not true of an is-plzuh-p e+a3 ochoric process on an enclosed ideal gas in which the prezale +ppu-- 3hssure decreases?

A. The work done is zero.

B. The internal energy of the gas decreases.

C. The heat is zero.

D. The rms speed of the gas molecules decreases.

E. The gas temperature decreases.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

15.47 One mole of a diatop,e90fk+ hfv;e./erroj t 9ff mic ideal gas undergoes a reversible adiabatic process. The pressure and volume initially are given as P = 2.0 atm and V = 30 L. If the volume is halved during the adiabatic process, how much work was done on the gas sample by the surroundingso er9f9e kejp,/ff.0v h+;rtf?

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

03.48: Two completely identical samples of the same ideal gas aq: f7-bhu(+o6 u8pwl zmok1pt re in equal volume containers with the same pressure and temperature in containers labeled A and B. After the processes are performed on the gases in containers A amfhq6ob(pkzup7u 8 w ot+ :-l1nd B, which is at the higher temperature?
The gas in container A performs non-zero work W on the surroundings during an isobaric (constant pressure) process before the pressure is reduced isochorically (constant volume) to 1/2 its initial amount.
The gas in container B has its pressure reduced isochorically (constant volume) to 1/2 its initial value and then the gas performs non-zero work W on the surroundings during an isobaric (constant pressure) process.

A. The gas in container A

B. The gas in container B

C. The gases have equal temperature

D. The value of the work W is necessary to answer this question.

E. The value of the work W is necessary, along with both the initial pressure and volume, in order to answer the question.

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

05.38: The PV diagram shows four differenty: j 4.f.iy npps44jih possible reversible processes performed on a monatomic ideal gas. Process A is isobaric (constant pressure). Process B is isothermal (constant4pf.sy ph i.y4j :ij4n temperature). Process C is adiabatic. Process D is isochoric (constant volume). For which process(es) does the temperature of the gas decrease?

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

16.48: From a given state of P, V, and T for an ideal gas,*qreq dsx02rux + +;yk which one of the following reversib ;r+0yxudq xe2rqks *+le processes has the most heat associated with it?

A. Isothermal expansion doubling the volume

B. Isobaric expansion doubling the volume

C. Isovolumic pressure doubling

D. Adiabatic expansion doubling the volume

E. Isobaric compression halving the volume

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

04.45: Container A hasz3 sv s8k/v;xy iky/,q a sample of monatomic ideal gas, while container B has a sample of diatomic ideal gas. The two gases start with the same initial temperature, volume, pressure, and number of moles of molecules.q8 isyk;3/v xysv /,kz Each gas now undergoes a reversible adiabatic process that cuts the pressure in half. Which sample of gas is now at the higher temperature?

A. The gas in container A

B. The gas in container B

C. The gases have equal temperature

D. The initial value of the pressure is necessary to answer the question

E. It is invalid to ask... it is not possible for an adiabatic process to reduce pressure

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

08.44: A mole of a mos *.t;iyitsy7qmv p/*natomic ideal gas has pressure P , volume V , and temperature T . Which ofsm*ptyy 7v/ ;.*sqiit the following processes would result in the greatest amount of energy added to the gas from heat?

A. A process doubling the temperature at constant pressure.

B. An adiabatic free expansion doubling the volume.

C. A process doubling the pressure at constant volume.

D. An adiabatic expansion doubling the volume.

E. A process doubling the volume at constant temperature.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

13.48: Two identical samples of a monatomic ideal gas are t cj:-qab1 jbi4xhgj -/o undergo reversible processes. Whic:ja qh-1bjcbigjx/4- h one of the following choices is a correct statement about the heat associated with the processes?
Process 1: An isochoric pressure doubling
Process 2: An isobaric volume doubling

A. There is less heat associated with Process 1 than Process 2.

B. The heat is the same non-zero value for Processes 1 and 2.

C. There is more heat associated with Process 1 than Process 2.

D. The heat is zero for Processes 1 and 2.

E. More information is required to determine the relationship for the heats.

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