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?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?1 st law of Thermal Dynamics

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习题练习：1 st law of Thermal Dynamics

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2024-08-04 20:40 总分: 18分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月04日 20:40 切换到: 整卷模式

1#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

15.25: A gas undergoes the unusual process x)dr0l5z3 owclyc:;nxc7cvr 8u,k c0 M $\to$ N in the pressure vs. volume graph shown. Which one of the following choices properly represents the signs of the internal energy change of the gas $\Delta$U, the total energy transferred as heat to the gas Q, and the total work done on the gas by the surroundings W, for this process?

A. $\Delta$U is Positive Q is Negative W is Positive

B. $\Delta$U is Negative Q is Positive W is Negative

C. $\Delta$U is Negative Q is Negative W is Negative

D. $\Delta$U is Positive Q is Positive W is Negative

E. $\Delta$U is Negative Q is Negative W is Positive

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

03.28: When gas escapes from a pressurized cylinder, the streadd5ic5vmr7qx88ymg0d.+ssx6: x f xqm of gas feels cool. This is becasx8q qfd8yrg0c+x .s 655m : div7mdxxuse

A. work is being done at the expense of thermal energy

B. of the convection inside the cylinder

C. pressurized cylinders are good thermal insulators

D. the gas inside the cylinder is actually frozen

E. the moisture in the air condenses and cools

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

94.35: A gas can be taken from state ao-kwb) z11q4m ify/a u to c by two different reversible processes, a→c or a→b→c. During the direct process a→c, 20.0 J ofuz1/w kiobq)amf 4-y1 work are done by the system and 30.0 J of heat are added to the system. During the process a→b→c, 25.0 J of heat are added to the system. How much work is done by the system during a→b→c?

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

06.26: In the Pressure versus Volume graph shown, zullvs 71cgx.8r16xg in the process of going from a to b 60 J of heat are added, and in the procul 6slgr1 v xgc18.z7xess of going from b to d 20 J of heat are added. In the process of going a to c to d, what is the total heat added?

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5#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

96.22: When an ideal gasw;c)u8ud nj w. is isothermally compressed:

A. thermal energy flows from the gas to the surroundings.

B. the temperature of the gas decreases.

C. no thermal energy enters or leaves the gas.

D. the temperature of the gas increases.

E. thermal energy flows from the surroundings to the gas.

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6#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

97.15: Which of the following is always true for an isother+m.tcx q q,j*vmal process of an ideaj.qcv*+q , txml gas?

A. The internal energy does not change.

B. No heat flows into or out of the system.

C. The pressure does not change.

D. The volume does not change.

E. No work is done by or on the system.

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

13.31: A monatomic ideal gas undergoes a revl :,, tr ebtaa4e4l0ydersible isothermal expansion in an enclosed container. Which one of the fa:a4 ey4etrb, dt, 0llollowing quantities associated with the gas has a value of zero?

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

09.33: An ideal gas undergoes an isobaric expanp5q4vfe2f0tq tyfdg 5+g k6)gsion followed by an isochoric cooling. Which of the following statements must be tyft 0f)qgg kfqpg+654dv2 e t5rue after the completion of these processes?

A. The final pressure is less than the original pressure.

B. The final volume is less than the original volume.

C. The final temperature is less than the original temperature.

D. The total quantity of heat Q, associated with these processes is positive.

E. The internal energy of the gas is unchanged.

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9#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

11.44: One mole of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes an isobaric expansion.2j9byx,h5 ,6 :ednojyyy u +ul In the process, the temperature of theu:y5jey +hjud,6 y b2x n,y9lo gas increases from 300 K to 500 K. Which one of the following choices best represents the amount of work done by the gas on the surroundings?

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.46: A monatomic, ideal gas undergoes an isobaric process. Du)ae ,zws9lop)i 8+ jnwring the process, the gas performs 80 joules of work on the surroundingsw a)+znsji)e8, low9p . Which one of the following statements best describes the heat exchange during this process?

A. 200 joules of energy was added to the gas.

B. 200 joules of energy was removed from the gas.

C. 80 joules of energy was added to the gas.

D. 80 joules of energy was removed from the gas.

E. It cannot be determined without knowing the change in temperature for the gas.

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

07.40: Which is not true of an isochoric process on an enclosed idei jj7 f.s- bic:dch.u)al gas in which the pressure decreases?s7 c. ):.h djicfijb-u

A. The work done is zero.

B. The internal energy of the gas decreases.

C. The heat is zero.

D. The rms speed of the gas molecules decreases.

E. The gas temperature decreases.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

15.47 One mole of a diatomic ideal gas *w b)lb7 os/ b4 a6x8c1cacnjwundergoes a reversible adiabatic process. The pressure and volume initially are give wc / bj6ncaw7 b4os)a*lc81bxn as P = 2.0 atm and V = 30 L. If the volume is halved during the adiabatic process, how much work was done on the gas sample by the surroundings?

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

03.48: Two completely identical samp,n,i4b-jkxtt ieg - .g(n dql:les of the same ideal gas are in equal volume containers with the same pressure and temperatug x,j q- db,t:4i.t-i nekn(glre in containers labeled A and B. After the processes are performed on the gases in containers A and B, which is at the higher temperature?
The gas in container A performs non-zero work W on the surroundings during an isobaric (constant pressure) process before the pressure is reduced isochorically (constant volume) to 1/2 its initial amount.
The gas in container B has its pressure reduced isochorically (constant volume) to 1/2 its initial value and then the gas performs non-zero work W on the surroundings during an isobaric (constant pressure) process.

A. The gas in container A

B. The gas in container B

C. The gases have equal temperature

D. The value of the work W is necessary to answer this question.

E. The value of the work W is necessary, along with both the initial pressure and volume, in order to answer the question.

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

05.38: The PV diagram shows four different possi0sgi7fqb -om: -uqx 0pkk1:wb7i(e .z)ocffkble reversible processes performed on a monatomic ideal gas. Process A is isobaric (constant pressure). Process B is isothermal (constant temperature). Process C is adiabatic. Process D is isochoric (constant volume). For which process(es) does the temperature of the gas decqff:z 0oe0ko7s 1-bkb pwu7 xicg :fim)kq.(-rease?

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

16.48: From a given state of P, V, and T for an -r:tbi ez*x f7ol;yj 1ideal gas, which one of the following reversible processto rj:b;xiye *zlf1- 7es has the most heat associated with it?

A. Isothermal expansion doubling the volume

B. Isobaric expansion doubling the volume

C. Isovolumic pressure doubling

D. Adiabatic expansion doubling the volume

E. Isobaric compression halving the volume

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

04.45: Container A has a sample of monatomp yzej(u(tq*at(y*x4 r0pkf uo46l) tic ideal gas, while container B has a sample of diatomic ideal gas. The two gases start with the same initial teyt( *0r fx ptk6)qzlueuo4j(at*p4 (ymperature, volume, pressure, and number of moles of molecules. Each gas now undergoes a reversible adiabatic process that cuts the pressure in half. Which sample of gas is now at the higher temperature?

A. The gas in container A

B. The gas in container B

C. The gases have equal temperature

D. The initial value of the pressure is necessary to answer the question

E. It is invalid to ask... it is not possible for an adiabatic process to reduce pressure

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

08.44: A mole of a monatomic ideal gas has pressure P , volume V , and tempeh, k)uuo(wb rm)qb32hb6.ru vtl8ei3rature T . Wlu6hohk)b33,.(2urbe)qiwt r 8m vb uhich of the following processes would result in the greatest amount of energy added to the gas from heat?

A. A process doubling the temperature at constant pressure.

B. An adiabatic free expansion doubling the volume.

C. A process doubling the pressure at constant volume.

D. An adiabatic expansion doubling the volume.

E. A process doubling the volume at constant temperature.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

13.48: Two identical samples of a monatomic ideal gas are to undergo re)jgu 513 c2uemxsj ka;* .xsosversible processes. Which 5sxa 2ous1kcj3*jxemg) .u ;sone of the following choices is a correct statement about the heat associated with the processes?
Process 1: An isochoric pressure doubling
Process 2: An isobaric volume doubling

A. There is less heat associated with Process 1 than Process 2.

B. The heat is the same non-zero value for Processes 1 and 2.

C. There is more heat associated with Process 1 than Process 2.

D. The heat is zero for Processes 1 and 2.

E. More information is required to determine the relationship for the heats.

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总分:18分及格:10.8分时间:不限时

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