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习题练习：Physics Unit13: Temperature and Kinetic Theory
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 作者: admin    总分: 86分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 22年08月07日 11:04  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the zeroth law oc43v5a 4ijnow l 20mpj pskr+8f thermodynamics.
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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A bimetallic strip, consisting of metal G on the top and metai1v bn6a ko4g6l H on the bottom, is rigidly attached to a wall at the left. (See Fig. 13-1.) The coefficient of linear kn6v ai4gb1o6 thermal expansion for metal G is greater than that of metal H. If the strip is uniformly heated, it will


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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the engine of your car heats up, the spark plug gap will7/rcy( ls-bmn

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a flat steel plate with a hole th)hluw0esty,2 rx;c v.4r-zw mrough its center as shown in Fig. 13-2. When the plate's temperature is turh)-wl. y zscwe0v 2mr4;x, increased, the hole will


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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of linear expansion for aluminums k;5s994d6inywvr ig is $1.8 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$. What is its coefficient of volume expansion?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The surface water temperature on a large, deep lake is b ks.q, r:7ofn,ln) ah$3 \; ^{\circ}C$. A sensitive temperature probe is lowered several meters into the lake. What temperature will the probe record?

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which temperature scale never gives negative temn/xpnm5g,4(; nt2lwu5 uprc kperatures?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which two temperature changes are equivalen9zk7qtx m1+e58myjui t?

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The temperature in your classrow.dwkh:8 z:8: pnujdkom is approximately

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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State Boyle's law.
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11#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State Charles's law. hr+sx h;--tkl
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12#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State Gay-Lassac's law0*wso tns9lo).
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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of an ideal gas at 1 atm is ekppm(qp bw3: q73ug3 e-f+pl compressed to one-third its volume, with the temperature held constant. Wmq +peuwf : k pl3-(pepgbq337hat is its final pressure?

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the pressure acting on an ideal gas at ch nn*p nuw321 me8soh6--d sasonstant temperature is tripled, its volumd3essnuwm*h 68-a no1hps2-n e is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the ideal gas Law, PV = constant for a giv+.s +qyo8wc xbt:x fh7 da lf8u0t9-rqen temperature. As a result, an increase in volume corresponds to a decrease in pressure. This happens because the mo sotuxwhfql f8x8yr-9+:t a7q.0b+c dlecules

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The number of molecules in one mole of a su tt7ehd6* 7m*vhjfjxeh:45 thbstance

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container holds N molecules of an ideal gas at a given temperature. If the nlm/(wt3 gfx h)ko4v t2umber oft23vmgw /(f)4 xtlko h molecules in the container is increased to 2N with no change in temperature or volume, the pressure in the container

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Both the pressure and .k:xoa8 s:r.m bitza 7volume of a given sample of an ideal gas double. This means that its temperature in Kelv.imaoa8 :x t:zb rs7.kin must

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The temperature of an ideal gas inso e;hs d:ur;9m. hnnk*(fm3uupo. t+creases from $2 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $4 \; ^{\circ}C$ while remaining at constant pressure. What happens to the volume of the gas?

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A mole of diatomic oxygen molecules and a mole of diatomic nitr-+ i/kl96aw 42( adsvpusyufb ogen molecules atyws9 ulaa uv-s6 /kpb fd2(4i+ STP have

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two equal volumes of gas at a give*y.asyb s(js)n temperature and pressure. One gas, oxygen, has a molecular mass of 32. The other gas, nitrogen, has a molecular mass of 28. What is the ratio of the number of oxygen molecules to the number of nitrogen* ss(. sbajy)y molecules?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas can be deteln dnxr(* ng:a6sl( g5rmined by knowing only

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A sample of an ideal gas is slowly rf nd t+6j3trf(fuv (4compressed to one-half its original volume with no change in temperature. What happens to the averaget4(jfr+t vf6f urdn3( speed of the molecules in the sample?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A sample of an ideal gas my ;w /t59teklwo+6 uris heated and its Kelvin temperature doubles. What happens to the average spe+mw5k tly 6/;9ur teowed of the molecules in the sample?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The absolute temperature of anr2m 9l h)jvr0q ideal gas is directly proportional to which of the0m)2 rhvqjlr 9 following?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In order to double the average speed of the molecules in a given sample of ga3ol7meoa9i( eg8logz s* re0qsp6ur61p e 77 gs, the temperature (measurede lm7 ig3og oee(9 7r6plpseaosr08uz1q67 g* in Kelvin) must

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Oxygen molecules are 16 times more massive than hydrogen molecules. At a givenchfj5ggvv ; w +9w/a+;4phxrs temperature, the average 9/whxj h+; gr+v; pv5c4gsfwamolecular kinetic energy of oxygen, compared to hydrogen

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Oxygen molecules are 1 s -m8jzbszabs5--;sn6 times more massive than hydrogen molecules. At a given temperature, how do t 8ba-zsn;-sj - sz5smbheir average molecular speeds compare? The oxygen molecules are moving

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fixed container holds oxygen and helium gases at the same temperov4pi9tx wm53 ature. Which one of the following stato 9wmi4xvp53 tements is correct?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container is filled with a mixt p9wg9y2;mudvure of helium and oxygen gases. A thermometer in the ; 99wypgmvu2dcontainer indicates that the temperature is $22 \; ^{\circ}C$. Which gas molecules have the greater average kinetic energy?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container is filled with+s9g l64 tlw6z k,ujxw a mixture of helium and oxygen gases. A thermometer in the container indicates that the tem96 + slzw,kg6jwx 4lutperature is $22 \; ^{\circ}C$. Which gas molecules have the greater average speed?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The three phases of mae : ermd:ru4:ar4k ylz417 lvk icl3 jn2/q:fetter can exist together in equilibrium at the

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Supersaturation occurs in airo apdkaso+8df b:kw+5bn6.1 f when the

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Express your body temperature(x2zlxl6u1x p ($98.6 \; ^{\circ}F$) in Celsius degrees.

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Express $68 \; ^{\circ}F$ in $^{\circ}C$.

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Express $-40 \; ^{\circ}C$ in $^{\circ}F$.

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The temperature changes fr7ygq6mn a7y)x om 35eF during the night to $75 \; ^{\circ}F$ during the day. What is the temperature change on the Celsius scale?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A temperature change ofqkcxe8hsx- 80 $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ corresponds to a temperature change of

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what temperature are the numerical reau0tqb lz) 64s+87rb rto hbf0g.p 0;jv tcsac;dings on the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales the ubt8r 4 js ;0h+vo;acpb006qfzbr7sc)gtlt.same?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A steel bridge is 1000 m long 2boa sdds,q,4w:s*jg 9w4+-q wfewgzat $-20 \; ^{\circ}C$ in winter. What is the change in length when the temperature rises to $40 \; ^{\circ}C$ in summer? (The average coefficient of linear expansion of steel is $11 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An aluminum rod 17.4 cmb+ dvae /8pq)hfsw* ;l long at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ is heated to $100 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is its new length? Aluminum has a linear expansion coefficient of $25 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  By how much will a slab of concrete 18 m long contract when(rqil nka6ver+zz1(l z.38w z the temperature drops rl83ize1(6awz .qn z lv+(zrkfrom $24 \; ^{\circ}C$ to -$16 \; ^{\circ}C$? (The coefficient of linear thermal expansion for concrete is $10^{-5} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$)

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A bolt hole in a brass plate zkh9q sk-4,fjhas a diameter of 1.200 cm at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the diameter of the hole when the plate is heated to $220 \; ^{\circ}C$? (The coefficient of linear thermal expansion for brass is $19 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$)

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  20.00 cm of space is available. How long a piece of brass e(3c 6*ge1 utuf8x4zqtja*kkat $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ can be put there and still fit at $200 ^{\circ}C$? Brass has a linear expansion coefficient of $19 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 5.0-cm diameter steel shaft has 0.1i9p) dpe:to wn-z(li-y) w ow2z6soa:0 mm clearance all around its bushing at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. If the bushing temperature remains constant, at what temperature will the shaft begin to bind? Steel has a linear expansion coefficient of $12 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  $400 \; cm^{3}$ of mercury at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ will expand to what volume at $50 \; ^{\circ}C$? Mercury has a volume expansion coefficient of $180 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1 L of water at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ will occupy what volume at $80 \; ^{\circ}C$? Water has a volume expansion coefficient of $210 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The volume coefficient of therb x*7*jq1k0d7sw /a bl;cbvpfmal expansion for gasoline is $950 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$. By how much does the volume of 1.0 L of gasoline change when the temperature rises from $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $40 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 500-mL glass beaker of water is filled to the rim ateupjo hz.0 kf+5va.z)al ,w4 p a temperature of $0 \; ^{\circ}C$. How much water will overflow if the water is heated to a temperature of $95 \; ^{\circ}C$? (Ignore the expansion of the glass and the coefficient of volume expansion of water is $2.1 \times 10^{-4} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.)

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  For mercury to expand f,ie 0yelqkbm yv dt8e3.l,6 t-rom $4.0 \; cm^{3}$ to $4.1 \; cm^{3}$, what change in temperature is necessary? Mercury has a volume expansion coefficient of $180 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A mercury thermometer has a rk+)ltn2w uis3uo (z+ uv tf(7bulb of volume 0.100 $cm^{3}$ at $10 ^{\circ}C$. The capillary tube above the bulb has a cross-sectional area of 0.012 $mm^{2}$. The volume thermal expansion coefficient of mercury is $1.8 \times 10^{-4} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$. How much will the mercury rise when the temperature rises by $30 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Convert $14 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $^{\circ}K$.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Convert $14 \; ^{\circ}F$ to $^{\circ}K$.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Convert $14 \; ^{\circ}K$ to $^{\circ}C$.

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Convert $14 \; ^{\circ}K$ to $^{\circ}F$.

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Oxygen condenses into alwfxik 7e818j ,knck,dh0l t0aj n1f: liquid at approximately 90 K. What temperature, in degrees0xl ,hfe, k1ntij:dn8k c kfa081jl7w Fahrenheit, does this correspond to?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas occupies 300 L at an absolute pressure of 400 kPgubiwm027 ir)a. Find the absolute pressure if th i2wr)u0mbig 7e volume changes to 850 L and the temperature remains constant.

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two liters of a perfect gas are at g hq;jgv5;gw3$0 \; ^{\circ}C$ and 1 atm. If the gas is nitrogen, $N_2$, determine the number of moles.

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two liters of a perfect gb0/ p1lost6t eas are at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ and 1 atm. If the gas is nitrogen, $N_2$, determine the number of molecules.

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two liters of a perfect gas are atz ,6qjmmu+re : $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ and 1 atm. If the gas is nitrogen, $N_2$, determine the mass of the gas.

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many water molec*hp99 da;*lrqca k anej: z1r1ules are there in 36 g of water? Express your answer as a multiple of Avogadro's number NA. (The molecular s1alcz9d*9r*q;p ka nrajhe1 : tructure of a water molecule is $H_2 O$.)

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many mol are there in 2.00 vfw.tc+ (jy,se p5 pgn:0x5rrkg of copper? (The atomic weight of copper is 63.5 and p05wpysrce+g:f5 v.tn r( x,jits specific gravity is 8.90)

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A sample of a diatomic ideal gas occupies 33.6 L under standard cog4 6 ,pd2vvg9qv+o snqnditions. How many mol q 4 s2o,g vv+nvp69qdgof gas are in the sample?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas has a pressure of 2.5 atm, a volume of 1.0 L /emjg2cj ,5ia) g y f9-uhj.pxat a temperature of $30 \; ^{\circ}C$. How many molecules are there in the gas?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas in a con g8(pl9rd h;mctainer of volume $100 cm^{3}$ at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ has a pressure of $100 \; N/m^2$. Determine the number of gas molecules in the container.

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A sample of helium (He) m iekdb67;oyu65a+t s occupies 44.8 L at STP. What is the mass of the sample?ey u ;m66k7odt+5aisb

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 25-L container holds hydrommniyc 7ej01 )gen gas at a gauge pressure of 0.25 atm and a temperaty)1mm07ei c njure of $0 \; ^{\circ}C$. What mass of hydrogen is in this container?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A $100-cm^{3}$ container has 4 g of ideal gas in it at 250 kPa. If the volume is changed to $50 \; cm^{3}$ and the temperature remains constant, what is its new density?

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas occupies v/ 2e)qrljse*td8 50( dywy0z7 fx rqz$600 \; cm^{3}$ at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. At what temperature will it occupy $1200 \; cm^{3}$ if the pressure remains constant?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A constant pressure gaaq81fxcrg.b shcn46e5he t/f;7n c :ds thermometer is initially at $28 \; ^{\circ}C$. If the volume of gas increases by 10%, what is the final Celsius temperature?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas occupies7ogz ;pp1*.e emisti2 4.0 L at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. What volume will it occupy at $40 \; ^{\circ}C$ if the pressure remains constant?

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72#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A balloon has a volume od-8.kmmgy i y/f $1.0 \; m^{3}$. As it rises in the Earth's atmosphere, its volume expands. What will be its new volume if its original temperature and pressure are $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ and 1.0 atm, and its final temperature and pressure are -$40 ^{\circ}C$ and 0.10 atm?

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73#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A given sample of carbon d )-*2(:zu 7ykimyfyomu ov 4ulioxide ($CO_2$) contains $3.01 \times 10^{23} \; molecules$ at STP. What volume does this sample occupy?

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74#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  $500 \; cm^{3}$ of ideal gas at $40 \; ^{\circ}C$ and 200 kPa (absolute) is compressed to $250 \; cm^{3}$ and cooled to $20 \; ^{\circ}C$

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75#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  $1500 \; cm^{3}$ of ideal gas at STP is cooled to -$20 \; ^{\circ}C$ and put into a $1000 \; cm^{3}$ container. What is the final gauge pressure?

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76#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas has a denqi;qknso p 0(2sity of $1.75 \; kg/m^{3}$ at a gauge pressure of 160 kPa. What must be the gauge pressure if a density of $1.0 \; kg/m^{3}$ is desired at the same temperature?

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77#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas has a volume;vj- kmo:4h n4cf -zte of $0.20 \; m^{3}$, a temperature of $30 \; ^{\circ}C$, and a pressure of 1.0 atm. It is heated to $60 \; ^{\circ}C$ and compressed to a volume of $0.15 \; m^{3}$. What is the new pressure?

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78#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A mixture of gases contais dj k 92bic+b-rpga)h56eul1ns 15 g of $H_2$, 14 g of $N_2$, and 44 g of $CO_2$. The mixture is in a 40 L sealed container which is at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the pressure in the container?

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79#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the average separation between air molecr+ uyliyz950i b7:a tnules at STP?

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80#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what temperature is the average kineti0 )t8 rzs5jnd*ozz*9pm sg1 bfc energy of an atom in helium gas equal to *fz* ) 5 bjzd1pmo8t9zsgr0sn$6.21 \times
10^{-21} \; J$?

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81#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what temperature woulo mfi-/t:7cin d the rms speed of $H_2$ molecules equal 11,200 m/s (the Earth's escape speed)?

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82#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A cylinder contains 16 g of helium gas at STP. mb hh)s:t*ic)0ind4/g qm+ns How much energy is needed to raise the tem0issin h n)tg+4)/qbcm:dmh*perature of this gas to $20 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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83#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the temperature of a oralww.(hi)) gas is increased from $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $40 \; ^{\circ}C$, by what factor does the speed of the molecules increase?

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84#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A molecule has a speed of 509w (mee fm6)ek0 m/s at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is its speed at $80 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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85#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The molecular mass of oxygfc k9rh37)mvyt dcg; 1en molecules is 32, and the molecular mass of nitrogen molecules is 28. If these two gases are at the same temperature, the ratio of nitrogen's rms speed to that o;d)gh3f9ky m v1rc tc7f oxygen is .

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86#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The molecular mass of ni5kk8.r8x xs hq).w xmctrogen is 14 times greater than that of hydrogen. If the molecules in these two gases have the same rms speed, the ratio of hydrogen's absolute temperature to thatrxkh.8xw.xkm)q sc85 of nitrogen is .

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