08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal areas in hwx ;svf;udom/ ar f7b)8 (qh5equal time” can be derived most directly from which conservation u rh;b8qf/wdv)s fo;5 m 7ah(xlaw?

  16.17:“All planets in the solar system fqvp l h(;;td.collow elliptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of thvd.l tp(c q;;he ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational attrac xke-t5hu72o ztion between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance betw7xk52tzeu o-heen their centers is doubled?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a gravitatcg7a( wu n3+gsional force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the 73a(g wc+s ngudistance between them is doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, have the same unifojqskrdau, o*3-2z.yx bg8 9herm density. kd-yr gus.hx bz2,aoj9q *e8 3Planet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets,t4zp; 2sbhs 9o X and Y, have the same uniform density. Planet X bz4o9hs;ps t2has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orvs r.sh)zs4 e-bited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the followihsv4). -srezsng would NOT be required in this calculation?

  99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a grav6x6rvj68gzmx 9 xr)soitational force F at the surfj6mg8xv)o zr 9srx66 xace of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

  14.30: Considering only7 +pi/jge kvr3 the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of the Sun), which one of te/7gvkp 3j+ir he following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo for the internationa.n4pn)c x jy;/nyi3qm6g2.jc oe4eeal space station, which of the following graoex)4qn6/ecn g.j3ny2i;mc. yea 4pj phs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

  99.33: One object at the sug a oy)k4s.lqr+b6xd 2rface of the Moon experiences the same gravitational force as qbsky. 4gxl o62)da+ ra second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

  00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the ( y18 knz,nenqsurface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center a8qn1,eyknz(n nd its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth and twix 9*s/ mdrc+kqce the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the s/ 9* mrkcqxd+gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

  98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a mass one-fifth t49a3stphh3w wc; 9zb n*b(iq dhe Earth’s mass.p h bhz(w;sca9wd9i b q3*4n3t The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with a c fx 9,e.fn *5bwydt4rtonstant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is f5tw4 9,*e rdfx nb.tythe magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

  94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sk *)l.zu7r r (5w+odd nv,zsmaun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to completezs*rmr(wvu 5nao k7.d z,+ )ld one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificial satellitesk 69qon*oshulyod 0fu8e*e7) u-yo )m, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what iso*6od9u)en)-h*o qy08yosmf u k uel 7 the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 maek01u/bf l.z - kkj*spkes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following prob.rxose4vi;;zdg.5, qdqu 6lj lem, the word “weight” refers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop.xeqdvu r zd5 o,jgl.;64qsi; rotating, but not change shape,

  10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As ;s7sz cm 2sru-the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelio u7r z;cs-ms2sn (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follow circular or+e6w0 6 uv ikqmwy0(gwbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of wqgv(kuwie0mw + y660the binary star system?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand orbitaldy 0 l;dapf xq:r(v)h: radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is(:;rdpa yh)lxdv0:qf