08.19: Kepler’s Second Law aboutt0 0,(k8kohkd3mq jhj “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most directly from whh8, (k jhkt0oqkmd0 j3ich conservation law?

  16.17:“All planets inlzmq( 65w) fhe 03ryft the solar system follow elliptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the el36m5h r0ty lfw)ef q(zlipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens to the force of gravitation p2 zixc 9n0cswpkdz/ a7*,r)6x(g zdral attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubleg96, d * zz(cczdk)wpn2 xx/rai 07rspd and the distance between their centers is doubled?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies a,l)/oj 2(67vxfh celmos h i*xxj0vv9ttract each other with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if t7visv(c0jem9 lh x/vx2l,x )oho*fj 6he distance between them is doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, Xquto,g**x utim9 u 4:u andY, have the same uniform density. Planet X 4xgtqoi,ut9u :m uu **has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the same unifold; v ncv2pr :x*57afcs1no, srm density. Plan al7psvdsf1 5 ;:rc *v,cxnn2oet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is z fi6obt*6vky ;ldx :;wihp. xaq ;4f(orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be:x; q hloi6vi4 fty;f(ka*; p6dwzb.x required in this calculation?

  99.11: Assume that the Earth attra9gp fboh l +dr p;ac,b5y7uoyapo8:6dj4z+2t cts John Glenn with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbcj,oab27: 6ao+yp o d59ufh yt;pd+g4br zp8lit was closest to which of the following?

  14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore ank01hsb6yd.tc/qfathmf;98cyz e6 jf1 wp/9 by influence of the Sun), which one ofsc6c0 bk/1yh y9wt/a;fj d.fqhb 8 1 p9zmfet6 the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargosysmtjv9.ol42(r: e6nx 6 v io for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the carvyexj.9(rsv nl o6 : o6mt4si2go versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

  99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences the same gragvzp9u xzr+l lr d2;kcl8 tod7 xh,374vitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which op hgr,2 zkz rv4 ;cx ul79dxd8l37+lotf the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

  00.24 Consider an obj3,jcjrvnx025 g ako4a 9tg*i kect that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s ce 52,*gxkajcjkgia tvo 049n r3nter and its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven tim-(o8f3m . 9uw,)(jg e kzj7qyphvjo f eoq24kles the mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface o7kqoj.yh 9mo (k u f-w(jgl3v 82)zee 4qjo,pff this planet is most nearly:

  98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a mass one-fifth t(kwji:v jf xgp) k1 d( m+gjjel6/2a5ohe Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet i ld2ge:k v(j/g j6)a(w xomi5fjjkp1+s most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite jh8 ul5b/,gy dd2dhb*orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Pl/, *u8b5dhdlgydbhj 2 anet X?

  94.34: A hypothetical planja e+fi1d7 5l.wx9tfd s2q(sh et orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth yeafwa15 sjl dtx97 qdf.2hi+s(ers does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 y9psc5m9n8oys z8-prand 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s symspsn 9c-89zpy o5 8rurface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit around the Earth witg bdpcs qc5o +i:jc1nh61p;.kh a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers to the force a scale1r3 av3( n :gjrmbvdu+ registers. If 1r+n ( vv:3gdja rb3umthe Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,

  10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the cometd/v2inip) . ob moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), pb/i dno.v 2i)which of the following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two ti ra zf r9ew9qk(362cre e,xf65b*ylstars follow circular orbits about the system’s centec rl eke2r ,*65a9fytz9bfieqxw(6 r3r of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with/5bz1d9n; b vp8aa7rql4(uy. nw v:l+dggzkl speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new ellipticalg+vw q79bz8a b1g:lrun.n ld(/z lpy5a;d4k v orbit is