08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal areas in equ+yep ( jr6qn*6fu-hyzal time” can be derived m f-6hp n*eyr6zyu+(jqost directly from which conservation law?

  16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow7rfzf57xjn k27pbr1 tr0oiz )pg y. rdpq4m (- elliptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This st7p qrd.z yf5or p7 kxfbj2g nr 4m(r0p)1ti7z-atement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational attraction between tw :l.j kly;-shao small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distanl ;: k-slh.yajce between their centers is doubled?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a gravitational force o5ke;24tm+anqrhp : zjri 0uw)f 4.0 N. What will be unkmqwz;arthj5ip4:+ 2) 0r e the force if the distance between them is doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, have the sa,t x i*; kx8bo31ehqcfme uniform density. Planet X has twice the radi, qi1kt*3h8bx ;x ceofus of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the same uniform denbj3m :)rh01f)fyfb cz1 /ekmasity. Plane:f efz1/abk0)b)mfc1rh 3mjy t X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated ifm).y:l (; yq,02t bcdssqsu/i* h8 sdwivfcp* it is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the foll th)ls.mp*bui:vs,sqi;20ydq * d c/wcs8f (y owing would NOT be required in this calculation?

  99.11: Assume that th((aqkju m6x3 gka-l) qe Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in ojuq )x 3l6(q-( gaakmkrbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

  14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of the Sun),r3dh.fr+2 pszx2 nna+ which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the d x+h2nfp. 2snz3+arr Earth?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a caqmial0fl;u*r-a+ fk: rgo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Ea+rq-al i:*l0u;fm afk rth?

  99.33: One object at the surface of t2bw4w7t +tcchtk1hri;6s5rai j .5a rhe Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the foljc.wik rit1rah 2tb5st;c 6+ 5rh4aw7lowing would be a reasonable conclusion?

  00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a do1ngm w-)o,a/gffu 3weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a disto u,d-mfawo)31/ngf g ance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet h.uicl 1ekek ,n -xhmx9 6dwsz9005qcoas seven times the mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nn1uekloe 9.sxd5c-mkqi c00 x9w, 6zh early:

  98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and esjn, 83e;ccna mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration ae ncsnj 3,;ce8t the surface of the planet is most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with a chyn9s aysk5/i. 6zrg,(/a puw onstant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the mp(./zwyhsusy6ar ,i95 an/kg agnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

  94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sui fss5f2v*8qu.lkxc 7 n. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to compllqsi 5v kfs8c7*x. f2uete one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificial sa (c* eeunjrl55m :-tintellites, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, u* 5enm (rti5ejcn-:lwhat is the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orio7vx+;wd e .hbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers to the g *hq,*:1 :2ggzdct-zgazptf force a scale registers. If the Earth were tgf: -:c1qp*h* zg ta 2dtzg,zgo stop rotating, but not change shape,

  10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit aroumpybloj0gsj44pf9*3,yen i h6 w1 s-snd the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to t3ssi gh yf1yspe 4w-9mjnlb4 *6op,j0 he sun), which of the following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two st 0osuu6 .woo8wars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are suwo oso60 .8uuwbject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand orbitalpker;z9lvod5t 2y 5e; radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and e vy5o r59zd2tpkl;;e the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is