08.19: Kepler’s Second Law aboutsdiejiq+ uk5m plk18b9.czj,8u cq 12 “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived mo+,culkq.b e pzj m iiq18u815s92djkcst directly from which conservation law?

  16.17:“All planets in the solar system follsmy oe v4f5f: 7rw1;6x:jdkkvow elliptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of6v; s jd :ymv4e:1fxfwkr5ok7 the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational att0x:+ b)*-l qufbfgof kraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is d g+klu0 bo-*fxq:b )ffoubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a gravitational fo(.akn9gzekfv vanp a)n:/6 6mrce of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distance betweeva. ) fk6an/ e6gav km:nz(pn9n them is doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, have the same unisq*sbwq xr1 sg 5 20z-: 66pht,eajvggform density. Planet X has twicex-bg sg 56swzatp2 1,g:qr6hqs*je 0v the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, hap yi/x +/ai;tnve the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius of P/a/y; +xipn tilanet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by a smallzg7an -p-c/ kp satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the -n-z gckp/ pa7satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

  99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational fblrq) azjv5xj6)tp0h fbe.r 4c3,5rb orce F at the 0rcvhbjf.5bqpajrx34 )) r5,zbe6lt surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

  14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence nuv9ypq(dxrbu)vj2 p/v7z0 dj0*ht. of the Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth7v2jrv 0 b .d*qvn)(hzutu pp 90yjd/x?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth wi g5/v0hp q0d(yogyec/c q6g4cth a cargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitatiogc oype q4cq/0g(v/0 hgy cd65nal force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

  99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences the same grael+b a(q g1b7gvitational force as a second object at t1ggb+( aeblq7he surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

  00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface ov843ly hdu7i;w c3vowf the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight ad 3civ7u8 vwwlo; yh34t a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth and twiqrr0) +m+xxrecc 6kwz 4.3io rce the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surc imr kqxr0o) 4.z++3exr6cwrface of this planet is most nearly:

  98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth andmu 8cftg5v-b(1jn g/v a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mav(1njv gg f/5-m 8cbtuss. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circulazy ko3p8cy4;qr orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exert8o34cqk ;yyz ped on the satellite by Planet X?

  94.34: A hypothetical planet orbipob/v09jhv:hx+et fnd-g0 gx p -u;1ats a star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complg+-9p:ae;/ 0o1xdvvt fj0 b nhpx-hugete one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2,.a7ta41u a njhl:exy15j 6 fwx are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of h5y : aajetl1wa714n. jxu6fx satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit around the Earth wv ivio15j//ua /yx. zyith a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight”sko2z, ( jef.v refers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotakz v.(s2fo,ejting, but not change shape,

  10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around th qzwk-g7 7vw+8/oot,k jymtl;bn.1;jfb s yw,e sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the qj7.obkt y1,nkww o+-mv7 f;8l/sbwg, tzj ;ysun), which of the following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two staras paiw / ag2677fp0hljec,+ vlr+a5gs follow circular orbits about the system’s cef/epcvagg7i 7+, haslr 0j56lw+p2aanter of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circtitzsxbq arm*4rziu 82274 -yular orbit with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting th sizq r4ma*y8-7ibu txt2 zr24e rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is