08.19: Kepler’s Second Law d7pc( jxhq/ktf/u 0- rabout “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most directly from which conservation ltjphq rd7-xf0// ck u(aw?

  16.17:“All planets in the solar system follg octcebu*pg51j.l3: ow elliptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” jbpgl53*utg.c e co1: This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens : dy- zq3rayf9to the force of gravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubl 3f-aqyzdy:r 9ed and the distance between their centers is doubled?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other qa slc7j6n +g2with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What wil 6q7 a+lscn2gjl be the force if the distance between them is doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and;mbg 19aaqovjp * qu/;Y, have the same uniform density. Planet X has t /q uvjmaqp;og ;19a*bwice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, haved auglqix0ls:b:l gj+:h. .7 i the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the rljx0: 7isi u+gl.h :g: .qlbdaadius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by a srkfsw(na6* ws07w uc8 mall satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equa 0w 8n(rk6wscs *7fuwal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

  99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravita;+xpw( jjtz7mrz 5oi*tional force F at the surface of thwo j;z (pxrjit+5 7*mze Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

  14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore anqwqc)q e:oj6f342psh y influence of the Sun), which one of the following best q)43jepshf w2 6c o:qqexpresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a ajw.x6ytko 5;/xzya, cargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational foxj x.k t5o;za wy/6,ayrce on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

  99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences the hegi).xg7 2(jdc : k2/ qywx el1*upamsame gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable cpd(ae j g k)wqycu2g.l2 xmixe:/ 1*h7onclusion?

  00.24 Consider an object tha2,g-isu( p2wa.oq vpc t has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway ba vwpo(s.- qugpi22,c etween Moon’s center and its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the6nny kvf ccp,*p1w7.0;kt zkh mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational accelp0zy .;h * kvk71,kcntpc wfn6eration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

  98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a mass on7l/7 df0cfeyd tmm;-.b2kb gue-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of thee yg7c mud/.7tb dbf-;mk f02l planet is most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular j9ttb :ri, 2xikp((k borbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitudjik(b2r , (x9t:btkpie of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

  94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mass one-h3jg52w3db ck j/t ejy,alf the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same 3wy,k2gcb jd53/etj jas the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circularm/-6c rrh s*rg orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The s /rgcrr*hm6- mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 makes a 0s mod o ;c-;/2/njvsyijva- kcircular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following problem, the word “weightl7o0fmv zplxnrv2r8/ 4: / dkw” refers to the force a scale registers. If the4r nl 7 p/fmd0v2k wl:rox8v/z Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,

  10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet mo**pshm3fyl;q g1sb s1zf7a) c ves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of th1hgqf* f ;by7*mpc slsa z13s)e following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follow circular orbits abownms;6n8se 6p ut the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following 6sspn; w6e8nm choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with su mifv+s:k95chh6 /;x +duxozpeed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2hx9cuhzv:+5uk+ xi6dsf; m / o, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is