08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal areasd7.w5mb3c nl4u+ftfa .3ud u k in equal time” can be derived most directly fro+ m5.a.3d7 wnfcl4f ku3ubutdm which conservation law?

  16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elb-:m/ +fjxpvfliptical orbits with the Sun located at onef/bf jp-x:mv+ focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens to the fogx 8f1m p5hj*prce of gravitational attraction between two small objechpj8 gfxmp 1*5ts if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a grg.7 b5p pnk1m2h frju4avitational force of 4.0 N. What wilbmr14.uj5g 7ppkh2 nfl be the force if the distance between them is doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, have the sj0*jkgf+r2vyx g8u+ 9lmx.iwame uniform density. j 0ug9gv+yik8jl m+ f*xw2. rxPlanet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and llae ) )u2b8p+v by2zpY, have the same uniform densiteal2b)upp8z) v2 y+lby. Planet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a pcrq ,x py,w7x3lanet can be calculated if it is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculationyr7wxxcp 3,q,?

  99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John qx3mc hpay/ak,sz-i0 xir183 z 2ta u+x0u)bfGlenn with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his fa)zap-ari cz/m8 +ytu33xqkhi1 0s2 ,xxub a0 fmous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

  14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any i)h*+xdh1yxkf av. t3c nfluence of the Sun), which one of the following best expresses xxf*ac h.y h1 t)+dkv3the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the ear6k8y7+th +dh c7fec+qh :ac yjth with a cargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance fro76kc 7t he+y cqyjdha+c8:+fhm the surface of the Earth?

  99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences the same gravitationaluh 5j+jlz*w2:aj: ixwxj 3d1g force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following w* zi15 x:2lxw hu :gawdjjjj3+ould be a reasonable conclusion?

  00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of myuvt vz*sxwc5.y4f/ty /y 5vrt(e 6wgq0*2othe moon. If we assume the moon has a nev*5r25.qytzfovt(*/yu e0 x /y wm gvt4 w6sycarly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth and/ pn .d*tfj j3so*hdgj2; +aiz twice the radius of Earth. The magnitud*jd3j oj/2.aid +pfstz * ghn;e of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

  98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Eart7l:jz xjn8:i mh and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at thzmjil7:j8 x:ne surface of the planet is most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X ins 5i b0xt1vk(r a circular orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. Whbi s50 1k(xrtvat is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

  94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits am6 jmc jq+*y6bdin69 b star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the qm+d 6bi*j m 66y9bncjsame as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, ae g 4dhjcoj4/sv/* 4ihre put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. / 4hi4jv j4geo*dh/s cThe mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a r z/ukt waz:5f2adius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers to the force a g:md 9ulgo8 c+scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change duo cl:g9mg +8shape,

  10.42: A comet moves in an ellt zt4f;w;1 u/agshw+wfh u-3 j0w(sujiptical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of gt1ssw uwt0h ; / w4auz(f3;f -wjuj+hthe following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follotq ,oi;uk)+g zqds(. ww circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitatiogikq),d+o;.zqt (uwsnal attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circularnvt7 rdy my(:)dj)pl; orbit with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quic7y)lt;mv:r j n)( dpydkly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is