08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal areas in equal t*cpf)0ao8ejb ime” can be derived most directly from which conser) 0fjcb*8po aevation law?

  16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits with tof5q ;zewopof5:j*t1qa* rv4 he Sun located at one focus of the ellizt;*e aoqrff545jpq o ov:*1wpse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational attraction between two f6o-k olxm7en;5 u z)qg6m+uw(:r nnw small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance betwek:o -r g+ w6m5zqnoemf;ul7(nwu) nx 6en their centers is doubled?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a . *vpkczeb):3-q3evbsf +mlagravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distance between them iveq:m)cs fzla-ek+b.3vpb * 3s doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotaaag(yq0 u8 lv5ting planets, X andY, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the ra8 5qaau vlg(y0dius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the same ul(h 6x2);u- pjuln ej 200gxeq5sfm wuip(ny+niform density. Planet X has twice the radx+ nnju(seq 0i (2f-j2p gex6u0 h)5uywplml;ius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by a smale/)8y-j (ihslmlbrq p p6.s2s l satellite by setting the gravit(pl-i jsmrpq).s yes86/b 2lhational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

  99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gw3b. otaje. f/ravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on J3e/tbo.a jf w.ohn Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

  14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore a-ne l6k7cxb p7gp b6mgh-8x+qny influence of the Sun), which one of the following best expres+7x xmbhc-ng p8- e6kbg p7q6lses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with dpj3o vj,by 7q,6i;tya cargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the ,7t;, bjyoyjq3 idv6p Earth?

  99.33: One object at the surfacs yl2cub1zz j3 jn828xe of the Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at31y8nzuljsz bxc2j 28 the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

  00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a weigh3fx ugx6j) r9 jy)sth9t, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, whij) jgt)6 rs9uxf 39yxhch of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth and tw7z).vsul ei ah.c;bi *ice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface ve.;l bz*7) u.siahciof this planet is most nearly:

  98.24: A planet has a radi*tqqaaet(d /j .0 4ugzus one-half that of Earth and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s maa 0gqtdq*u .z4 /ej(tass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit wi tz df k4+.wjpprij8/p0pg(l*th a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The r p+pgpzi 0 j4.f*( l/wj8dpktradius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

  94.34: A hypothetical plaa ct3x 2/ i6)w4pok ef0gv5hfotmede902y so7net orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth year7wvi s04ft k e6)59fg0/axmedt2cy op3o eh2os does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificial satellites, 12gnr;lworgtsa5 6/ z ( and 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice ther n6wat/lz;s(or g5g 2 mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit arwrash u eod 6b)y7 8e:i5r3:sround the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” wgjqadoe*9 -1refers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not chang-e1oq 9adwj *ge shape,

  10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As z k.bhdsdqf1507d6 )*gudz jkthe comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (thesh)6jb0 1gk*.ud5z dd 7kqfdz point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary star system shown, so */i/kz+2kmd(bby cthe two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gry*i/b+oz c /md2 kskb(avitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand orbital radius R around awif dr-w+ *c 9(qhfid. heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an ellipticaq+ *dc(f-w idfh.i rw9l orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is