08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping ouelzz0+ rlg pv9i9t-y; t equal areas in equal time” can be derived tpzle0yr+igv l-z99;most directly from which conservation law?

  16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow ellipticj3tg,pdp s 2+cal orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statementp cjg+s3t2,p d is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational at+rue -*k9xb tppts- +ytraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and-br kps*t9+ - +xuetpy the distance between their centers is doubled?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a guj p2c )m,4o;eqh vg(uravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distan(,) evghou2c u;jq4m pce between them is doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, go(m w1.: iq ;lrch5hlX andY, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twicl. gqh: h;cmr iol(w51e the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have ttc(;tlda2 r t)he same uniform density. Planet X h2 tatc lr(t);das twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it tt mfm* tp7h1 1jj2;l+frtu ,pis orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellittpj7+fm,hpt j;2 u1t1r mlf*te. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

  99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a g.sknewmf -4lw8n i(f*o nk88qravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to whic(8wi s koflw e-.nfn 8m4qn*k8h of the following?

  14.30: Considering only the Moonqilde,w7z)q)i3erp u ly ku: t;0qy;l/d )g9p-Earth system (ignore any influence of the Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about thel 9/z7);iq:k quil 0e ddtep)rypq)3w;y,l ug Earth?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the ehnys6txpg8ho 6g y415arth with a cargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo5yxyg6p 16thsng 4oh 8 versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

  99.33: One object at (o w;z:6w1l k*n avvyq/mia *gthe surface of the Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following woul 1mgn vvaioa*yw w/:6l z;q*k(d be a reasonable conclusion?

  00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface oo+m32rjoxh0 qy)z/ bt- 3kvf5jsmv d:f the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass +v)mj r5 mhxzbqt2kos -djyvof3 3:/ 0and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass o9b:k, lho lr 2wz;xdkiu+vk(.f Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the ;x, zhll.9uo+vd2:ik (kwbk r gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

  98.24: A planet has a radius one-half olxqw+v/h hc e oy(t7* 96rz/ythat of Earth and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitatioyx //7wthe vc(hrz +*q 9yo6lonal acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with a constant f , (x1m1 /a3lshxzywgzs*7nd(yo*lxspeed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planeyag7zo 1dzs* (sy*l1h ,x/xf3n(mwxlt X?

  94.34: A hypothetical plag9+32tdsp:s: g zeribnet orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radgpesg:d2bz i3s :t9+rius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circular or 9 yc;+pcc6sr/eg- crabit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass ae+cyc ;r-rp gc/9s6 cof satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 makes a 6vfv 4i0(nko)m hno3s circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” referst( xu5vb(l *rd to the force a scale retd* bulv5x((rgisters. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,

  10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet u6b+ yrk7ww5wmoves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbitwb+w5wkry 67 u closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary sta 9i3wk3w d9nxsr system shown, the two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star osni9d9x 3w 3kwf mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand okke-x6 00*5 kmb rtpvqrbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, puttb-0e 5 vkq 6p0*tmkxkring the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is