08.19: Kepler’s Second ay3rayip ,t-y7 xnd7yg+ d*20l:metu Law about “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most directly from which conservatim ,ytadul xy eya+:* ng77 ty0-p3d2rion law?

  16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits with tv4q9lqx pfkc/5pfg9- he Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” Th/vpf fq-4kg 5 qcx9p9lis statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens to the force of gravitation9va 5 4cwoytn*10hehpal attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distancnwhptc0 e 9154yaho v*e between their centers is doubled?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a gravitational forcyfdy00abvvq;ne9l; 6h3c/qjd 9 bw p, e of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distance bel;3ep c9y qv 9wab f,;yhnqv6d0jdb/0tween them is doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotatpop8q f6 9pvr;ing planets, X andY, have the same uniform density. Planetqprfpp9; 6vo8 X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the same un/z95;jys1gk vak)m) k zpzwz+iform density. Planet X has tw; sk zzyg)/1) j5zk9+zwavkmp ice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a planet ca8s r-x 13uoprzn be calculated if it is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to8 rupzor-1sx3 the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

  99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts Johnkh6ub-7 n:q nx Glenn with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. Whenk7uxh:nq -n b6 he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

  14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignrh:2va4n0 sxr ore any influence of the Sun), which one of the following bx ha0vr: 4nrs2est expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo for the s*qy9meh9:x9m l)v so international space station, which of the following graphs would best represeyhex9sol:)9qmm s*9 vnt the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

  99.33: One object at the surfacezilc37v(dw0a cs/avq*p :*qb of the Moon experiences the same gravitational foris vdw( 0/pqa7cb:lza v3*cq *ce as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

  00.24 Consider an object that has itdpd:,9 y)dkoq nc-8 a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and wen p-o)dt8i: 9qdd k,cyight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven tez q3y) h/vfegg8y q73imes the mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearv 7gqe83yz hgqey)3/fly:

  98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth a w 4*iz l4spmc74 5v1a;mdhpkond a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at tvwl75k sppo a4zhmm; d 4i*c14he surface of the planet is most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with a2 cnuuob-sbw 8r v +pta56,t0q constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 mbq5-uwa6b ,tcuo p2vnsrt80+ . What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

  94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a stasawy.vs f -.3yr with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it- v3ys.fw as.y take for the planet to complete one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificia :c;u)x 7nn vbwhy50n uac22jtl satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period n n;ah) b:vj7u2t n20wx5yuccof satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a9e-ya vf0-usn 1 y6jea radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following problem, thefsfp/ 1pr*y 4e word “weight” refers to the force a scale registers. If th/4r epy f*psf1e Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,

  10.42: A comet moves in an elliptibm:qv hh6t z95cal orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sunqh9t6z: b5vh m) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follow f9sgcsn - a1k8circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separatfska9g8s n1 -ced by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand org39 fo 3 5v9o7-6 nwxzkeztdunbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An extnug7 xwo 39dkfv 6ztz 9eno53-ernal impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is