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习题练习：Physics Unit13: Temperature and Kinetic Theory
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 作者: admin    总分: 86分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月07日 11:04  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the zeroth law ofd5 vrw3/r x u,bqbe3w( thermodynamics.
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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A bimetallic strip, consisting of metal G on the top and metal H on the bot683ws)n kewfwbj*m k a6jy)q8tom, iky)nqw68e*a j)kjwfb8 s m36ws rigidly attached to a wall at the left. (See Fig. 13-1.) The coefficient of linear thermal expansion for metal G is greater than that of metal H. If the strip is uniformly heated, it will


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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the engine of your car heat.tss -fpde.da(p;jzlpo/ )ivv5z -s,s up, the spark plug gap will

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a flat steel plate with a hole through its center as s0t 8p:mxdrt-qhown in Fig. 13-2. When the plate's temperature is increased, tht:0 q8-t pmxrde hole will


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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of linear expansion for aluza7 2app65yw l e1ws h 40wtcd8-azcg,minum is $1.8 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$. What is its coefficient of volume expansion?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The surface water temperaturej61oukt/kww + oc:mg6 on a large, deep lake is $3 \; ^{\circ}C$. A sensitive temperature probe is lowered several meters into the lake. What temperature will the probe record?

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which temperature scale never gives negative temperaturen1pfm5d( 4lxns?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which two temperature changes ar64t0z+m ,u 6lfwdwwueg )ra4pe equivalent?

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The temperature in your classroom is n- a a7:k/tkym 7dtp;))ouzb9i ohna/approximately

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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State Boyle's law.
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11#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State Charles's law.fx;;.-pc swmq0 ep: sq
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12#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State Gay-Lassac's law1 sv+ud /upm0v.
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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of an ideal gas at 1 atm is compressed to one-thirrhjv2,g7) mmd d its volume, with the temper 2g dm7j)v,hrmature held constant. What is its final pressure?

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the pressure acting oanbm. c4c: s*orj 8s7nn an ideal gas at constant temperature is tripled, its volu4nc8 r 7ncm*ojsb.s a:me is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the ideah a5 l2pa;xnc4l gas Law, PV = constant for a given temperature. As a result, an increase in volume corresponds to a decrease in pressure. This happens becaus2ha cap45nx l;e the molecules

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The number of molecu8qnj2w6 tp/t5 (shewules in one mole of a substance

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container holds N molecules of an ideal gas at mw 0kvu,,*j1jv;fpea a given temperature. If the number of molecules in the containva ,vk 0 pjfe;jw,1*umer is increased to 2N with no change in temperature or volume, the pressure in the container

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Both the pressure and volume of a given sam+/ +)g; hqgh z82slticfed l3fple of an ideal gas double. This means that /2 3gf l+fcishh;zq8d)letg+ its temperature in Kelvin must

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The temperature of an ideaoa)8 6qym (heel gas increases from $2 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $4 \; ^{\circ}C$ while remaining at constant pressure. What happens to the volume of the gas?

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A mole of diatomic oxygen molecules and a mole of diatomghnt74 b8hbt: a 9 8hkxg+t)paic nitrogen molecules atxn9kt) tbt4 hp8h +aggh8:7a b STP have

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two equal volumes of gas at a given temperature and pressure. One gasdek lpqe 2z;04,h5;gti2pwyy 6dni 3 g, oxygen, has a molecular mass of 32. The other gas, nitrogen, has a molecular mass of 28. What is the ratio of the number of oxygen molecules to the number of nitr ;3dg d2 0eg yzhpnip2w64i;e yk5l,tqogen molecules?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas can be detemvt f)p 8ast:4qc )n (*u*daocrmined by knowing only

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A sample of an ideal gas is slowly compressed to one-ha6akqw9 vye: o0lf its original volume with no change in temperature. What happens to the average speed of the molecules in t6q aew k:yov90he sample?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A sample of an ideal gas is heate 7e :bkmos-(fkd and its Kelvin temperature doubles. What happens to the average osfb-m e(7:kk speed of the molecules in the sample?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The absolute temperature of an ideal gas is directly pro:)4+q/,esxz ya xdm yp6ez :ouportional to which of the followinp46yo, s ze dmx:+eaxzq: )y/ug?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In order to double the average speed of the molecules in a giveeeh3ta b(e* q*n sample of gas, the tempera*e *qat hee(3bture (measured in Kelvin) must

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Oxygen molecules are 16 times more massive than hydrogen molecules. At a giveq qj/blqmalz 145x g65n temperature, theqal6q/ lqg5j4 m 5bx1z average molecular kinetic energy of oxygen, compared to hydrogen

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Oxygen molecules are 16 times morez*t6 0 r(sxkwmrv- l1v massive than hydrogen molecules. At a given temperature, how d* kwl(6rrtm 0xv1z -vso their average molecular speeds compare? The oxygen molecules are moving

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fixed container holds oxygen and helium gases at the sameywk/: :ux jhjzm4 y-2g temperature. Which oygzmyh u ::2k wj-x/4jne of the following statements is correct?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container is filled with a y dgun-9:-o;lxskzrpt + ja1 4mixture of helium and oxygen gases. A thermometer in the container indicates tul1t-gk :d+ anz;s4opx j9 -yrhat the temperature is $22 \; ^{\circ}C$. Which gas molecules have the greater average kinetic energy?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container is filled with a mixtuwlru/5vv (: i 48obcvere of helium and oxygen gases. A thermometer in the container indicates that th:/(4erovv8ul c5vib w e temperature is $22 \; ^{\circ}C$. Which gas molecules have the greater average speed?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The three phases of matter can exist together in equimg4qhxcm )(1rmzqhs) ( *ta2)dg4. u hybvfr*librium at the

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Supersaturation occurs in air wwv aq)4t+kw a+hen the

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Express your body temperature ph;9y:za4 e3f a(uy 8qao.kry ($98.6 \; ^{\circ}F$) in Celsius degrees.

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Express $68 \; ^{\circ}F$ in $^{\circ}C$.

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Express $-40 \; ^{\circ}C$ in $^{\circ}F$.

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The temperature changes from 35eF aq 3bibqg(3px 7:hb:nduring the night to $75 \; ^{\circ}F$ during the day. What is the temperature change on the Celsius scale?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A temperature change of .klpg.o ch )8qxl-5qev .zu3a$20 \; ^{\circ}C$ corresponds to a temperature change of

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what temperature are t7oiz4f/f xo(q he numerical readings on the Fahrenheit and Celsius scalesofoxqz 47/f(i the same?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A steel bridge is 1000 m longn (o s4i(dhsm: at $-20 \; ^{\circ}C$ in winter. What is the change in length when the temperature rises to $40 \; ^{\circ}C$ in summer? (The average coefficient of linear expansion of steel is $11 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An aluminum rod 17.4 cm long ap s3 ,kd6-03tmmkwgo rqwv70d t $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ is heated to $100 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is its new length? Aluminum has a linear expansion coefficient of $25 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  By how much will a slab of concrl5s8eox.l,h 8e jr 1suete 18 m long contract when the temperature drops f1e,l5x8uj8heol. ss r rom $24 \; ^{\circ}C$ to -$16 \; ^{\circ}C$? (The coefficient of linear thermal expansion for concrete is $10^{-5} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$)

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A bolt hole in a brasvutq1x . dolon0z ,)v3s plate has a diameter of 1.200 cm at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the diameter of the hole when the plate is heated to $220 \; ^{\circ}C$? (The coefficient of linear thermal expansion for brass is $19 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$)

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  20.00 cm of space is available. mpo7n2* qay+h How long a piece of brass at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ can be put there and still fit at $200 ^{\circ}C$? Brass has a linear expansion coefficient of $19 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 5.0-cm diameter steel shaft has 0.10 mm clearance all around its bu 8joy77-6xqvv x ,s zy8hv/ceushing at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. If the bushing temperature remains constant, at what temperature will the shaft begin to bind? Steel has a linear expansion coefficient of $12 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  $400 \; cm^{3}$ of mercury at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ will expand to what volume at $50 \; ^{\circ}C$? Mercury has a volume expansion coefficient of $180 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1 L of water at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ will occupy what volume at $80 \; ^{\circ}C$? Water has a volume expansion coefficient of $210 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The volume coefficient of thermal expansion for gasolin-vlj( ev0dg 8ue is $950 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$. By how much does the volume of 1.0 L of gasoline change when the temperature rises from $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $40 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 500-mL glass beaker of water is(fepnf6owo:/z( op3m filled to the rim at a temperature of $0 \; ^{\circ}C$. How much water will overflow if the water is heated to a temperature of $95 \; ^{\circ}C$? (Ignore the expansion of the glass and the coefficient of volume expansion of water is $2.1 \times 10^{-4} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.)

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  For mercury to expandumz*(e .xyour15) 04xmav c-b 6ykuqy from $4.0 \; cm^{3}$ to $4.1 \; cm^{3}$, what change in temperature is necessary? Mercury has a volume expansion coefficient of $180 \times 10^{-6} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$.

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A mercury thermometer hyooduc8,.3yg.s toah2qc(-e as a bulb of volume 0.100 $cm^{3}$ at $10 ^{\circ}C$. The capillary tube above the bulb has a cross-sectional area of 0.012 $mm^{2}$. The volume thermal expansion coefficient of mercury is $1.8 \times 10^{-4} \; ^{\circ}C^{-1}$. How much will the mercury rise when the temperature rises by $30 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Convert $14 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $^{\circ}K$.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Convert $14 \; ^{\circ}F$ to $^{\circ}K$.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Convert $14 \; ^{\circ}K$ to $^{\circ}C$.

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Convert $14 \; ^{\circ}K$ to $^{\circ}F$.

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Oxygen condenses into a liquid at appro7)cl fq6ae/ vwha-stn8f(v .mximately 90 K. What temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, doemqn)fv /lh7s 8-v( at6 cw.faes this correspond to?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas occupies 300 L at an absolute pressure of 400 kPapo ;6m2(wpqm)xf/flj-(v pej. Find the absolute pressure if the volume changes to 850 Lf;j-mxq6/ p jvl wfo(2p)(pem and the temperature remains constant.

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two liters of a perfect gas arb0a)bh jen+c0e at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ and 1 atm. If the gas is nitrogen, $N_2$, determine the number of moles.

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two liters of a perfect gas are a5my3t cuxeap11. ybqs t,hf8bgklt+0rf99-w t $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ and 1 atm. If the gas is nitrogen, $N_2$, determine the number of molecules.

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two liters of a perfect gas are sulrpzq;2n2n/ -pe + sdukm/d102kmnat $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ and 1 atm. If the gas is nitrogen, $N_2$, determine the mass of the gas.

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many water molecules are there in 36 g of water? Express your answeh fstbtq0 :9q+r as a multiple of Avogadro's number NA. (The molecular structure of a water molecul0:hq+t9b tqfse is $H_2 O$.)

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many mol are there in 2.00 kg of ct 5 2+-vonkvl;) jhdakopper? (The atomic weight of copper is 63.5 and its specific grav dohkv-5lj av; nk+t)2ity is 8.90)

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A sample of a diatomic ideal gas occupies 33.6 L under standard c0m r0vrr1ainy,3 m6x xonditions. How many mol of gas are in the sar0xy31m nvr,xiam6 r0mple?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas has a pressure of 2.5 atm, a volume of 1.0 L at a temperature of 3 ix;tpudgt2due fbm+(),gs ) $30 \; ^{\circ}C$. How many molecules are there in the gas?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas in a contain5:uyrk0gt h25.* t9k 9wizedc -nkvzser of volume $100 cm^{3}$ at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ has a pressure of $100 \; N/m^2$. Determine the number of gas molecules in the container.

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A sample of helium (He)d (8fu*w)m0 wkmpp d0b occupies 44.8 L at STP. What is the mass of the sample?udk *8pwm (0b)mfp0 dw

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 25-L container holds hydrogen gas at a gauge pressure of 0.2502u9/b gdpr yx atm and a temperat/byup0rxd 9 g2ure of $0 \; ^{\circ}C$. What mass of hydrogen is in this container?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A $100-cm^{3}$ container has 4 g of ideal gas in it at 250 kPa. If the volume is changed to $50 \; cm^{3}$ and the temperature remains constant, what is its new density?

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas occupies i:;shuv-h as1$600 \; cm^{3}$ at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. At what temperature will it occupy $1200 \; cm^{3}$ if the pressure remains constant?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A constant pressure ob p-pzo.k3gc05v e (vgas thermometer is initially at $28 \; ^{\circ}C$. If the volume of gas increases by 10%, what is the final Celsius temperature?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas occupies 4.0 L ai,8apiqry s 1.:v3wabt $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. What volume will it occupy at $40 \; ^{\circ}C$ if the pressure remains constant?

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72#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A balloon has a volume ocv7mhw5 w; jzl*y27s8 s(wj hjva78dof $1.0 \; m^{3}$. As it rises in the Earth's atmosphere, its volume expands. What will be its new volume if its original temperature and pressure are $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ and 1.0 atm, and its final temperature and pressure are -$40 ^{\circ}C$ and 0.10 atm?

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73#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A given sample of carbon *o q 8jzyl:m8vdioxide ($CO_2$) contains $3.01 \times 10^{23} \; molecules$ at STP. What volume does this sample occupy?

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74#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  $500 \; cm^{3}$ of ideal gas at $40 \; ^{\circ}C$ and 200 kPa (absolute) is compressed to $250 \; cm^{3}$ and cooled to $20 \; ^{\circ}C$

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75#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  $1500 \; cm^{3}$ of ideal gas at STP is cooled to -$20 \; ^{\circ}C$ and put into a $1000 \; cm^{3}$ container. What is the final gauge pressure?

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76#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas has a de:ncf/a*,z r :athy;t hnsity of $1.75 \; kg/m^{3}$ at a gauge pressure of 160 kPa. What must be the gauge pressure if a density of $1.0 \; kg/m^{3}$ is desired at the same temperature?

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77#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas has a volumetvg86n mg3 h1j of $0.20 \; m^{3}$, a temperature of $30 \; ^{\circ}C$, and a pressure of 1.0 atm. It is heated to $60 \; ^{\circ}C$ and compressed to a volume of $0.15 \; m^{3}$. What is the new pressure?

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78#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A mixture of gases contai)yezf (9 7wbzr*s,et sns 15 g of $H_2$, 14 g of $N_2$, and 44 g of $CO_2$. The mixture is in a 40 L sealed container which is at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the pressure in the container?

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79#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the average separa*3fcz 1 idyw i+9egqx9tion between air molecules at STP?

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80#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what temperature is the average kinetic energy of an atoepd,1 xcy,z8am in helium gas equal t,exd ,1c8pzay o $6.21 \times
10^{-21} \; J$?

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81#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what temperature woult u d-. *q 8ctxo)ays x27cygcs ;/fj6o7h:wtyd the rms speed of $H_2$ molecules equal 11,200 m/s (the Earth's escape speed)?

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82#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A cylinder contains 16 g of helium gas at STP. How much energyj4opin vno 2-* is needed to raise the tempera4niv2* n- ojpoture of this gas to $20 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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83#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the temperature of a p u,qp7 hf 9 o5qkmzz)mk,iv d+9c-zok ,)o7tegas is increased from $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $40 \; ^{\circ}C$, by what factor does the speed of the molecules increase?

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84#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A molecule has a spewo*,l6rwar; 9zj) ;-kimfm nwed of 500 m/s at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is its speed at $80 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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85#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The molecular mass of oxygen molecules is 32, and the molecy 2zeq b8bg,l y2/l ibt,o:a9.+nvieoular mass of nitrogen molecules is 28. If these two gases are at the same temperature, the ratio of nitrogen's rms speed to that of / ib ov8z2i.qenl2yy:,ge+,9l obba toxygen is .

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86#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The molecular mass of nitrogen is u 04ej.t25uswjg b 0j+- nyofb14 times greater than that of hydrogen. If the molecules in these two gases have the same rms speed, the rw2e 0uyjjt0js+ofb5n. - 4gubatio of hydrogen's absolute temperature to that of nitrogen is .

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