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习题练习:Physics Unit14: Heat



 作者: admin发布日期: 2022-08-08 11:28   总分: 79分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 22年08月08日 11:28  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following is the nk *3mcyj34mm /hfhje4.:tz +g(q br,ft9gha smallest unit of heat energy?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 grwj vuccyj,;d f8lix0f 9cy ojb3u++4 4am of water by $1 \; ^{\circ}C$ is referred to as the

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The measure of the average kinetict7o d3 *5k hya/-y(- mi5mna2tkigbra energy of individual molecules is referred to asi-r-ga73/ bt5yia( m5 2y*mdnao kt hk

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A cup of water is scooped up from a swe330n o s:hawbimming pool of water. Compare the temperature T and the internal enn33eb: w0ho asergy U of the water, in both the cup and the swimming pool.

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The internal energy of an ide)tykr gxj3 i)d q;)zjxg+4mg 9al gas depends on

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas at STP is first oe,ymgs7 u :9h3v, nyqcompressed until its volume is half the initial volume, and then it is allowed to expand until its pressure is half the initial pressure. All of this is done while holding the temperature constant. If the initial internal energy of the gas is U, the final internal energy of the gas will byvg3m7y: o un ,h9seq,e

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas with internal energ2g2 6sg) fdvxp+p3wko y U at $200 \; ^{\circ}C$ is heated to $400 \; ^{\circ}C$. Its internal energy then will be

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The reason ocean temperatures do not varyx/ yic zheu..e6*syw / drastically is that

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  It is a well-known fuhls5(mg) 1qdact that water has a higher specific heat capacity than iron. Now, consider equal masses of wate (5ugs h)qdl1mr and iron that are initially in thermal equilibrium. The same amount of heat, 30 calories, is added to each. Which statement is true?

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A thermally isolated system is made up of a hot piece of aluminum and a cold pld8 5 cg70xbpal) .igpiece of copper; the aluminum and the copper are in thermal contact. The speciflpg0g)x7.d i8l a5pcbic heat capacity of aluminum is more than double that of copper. Which object experiences the greater magnitude gain or loss of heat during the time the system takes to reach thermal equilibrium?

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Phase changes occur

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The heat required to change a substance from the solia4kf/vzu8* vfamk: y.d to the liquid state is referred to as v : fk.ua/8f z*kv4amythe

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The heat required to change a substan6ffk6gd-k7wlql hx.*bl- - stce from the liquid to the vapor state is referred .fh-kqlld 6t-w -s6x7*bg kflto as the

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If heat is added to a pure substance at a steady rausc 2dxo)w;a skck2(-te,

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When a solid melts

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When a liquid freezes): 9uvv 7kqc hsle6( llsul9s5

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When a liquid evaporateso(gxdb(bh;hn4p i+rsno7 f96

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When a vapor condenseic: hune gm9l(i:,9 (vq-lin5e6mt anr laj 5(s

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a cloud formation, water vapor condenses into water droplets whiu3; 0hj1rxwr lch get bigger and big; xru3w0 hj1lrger until it rains. This will cause the temperature of the air in the clouds to

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Turning up the flame under a pakwf+k2m-18/zp1yer/ d*l zivq e aq/ yn of boiling water causes

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Equal masses of water pw1* u+anow0 yat $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ and $80 \; ^{\circ}C$ are mixed. What is the final temperature of the mixture?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A chunk of ice ($T = -20 \; ^{\circ}C$) is added to a thermally insulated container of cold water ($T = 0 \; ^{\circ}C$). What happens in the container?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process whereby heat flows by means of molecde)e46evtg 7 )l)twsu ey/ 5vqular collisions is referred to as eve)dsq4e)u67yte/lt w5vg)

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  By what primary heat transfer mechanism does one end of an iron tt h8m-leyd(/ bar become hot when the other end is ple l-mydht8/t( aced in a flame?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  On a cold day, a piece of metal feels much c8b qv+/xb1j9 qak70wkuob/ v tolder to the touch than a piece of wood. This is due to the difference in which one of the 8b0vov txkqja u b//+9wq7b1k following physical property?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you double the thickness of a wall built from a homogene .l v eop5tts;7bm(8npt:j/cious material, the rate of heat loss for aj7/e5tm olt pv:8;.sb nip(ct given temperature difference across the thickness will

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A layer of insulating material with thermal conductivif i k-jb brzh06;by(9;*b ppilty K is placed on a layer of another material of thermal conductivity 2K. The layers have equal thickness. What is the effective thermal conductivity of the composite 0 (kb6 ybir;b-lif9jpb*pz; hsheet?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process whereby he0 64 *fqvbl ix.f8moamat flows by the mass movement of molecules from one place to a f8v a b0*lqioxfm64m.nother is referred to as

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  By what primary heat +h*loh2:c b1-swtu gvtransfer mechanism is a pot of water heated on a stove?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Convection can occurrw5z3lw **sl ogl6xz/

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following best explains why sweating is important to humans in maitks oj 7962 uevns1u-zi3c:tbntaining suitable buu e6sjt n:vco- 1kit37z9s2body temperature?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship is drifting in an environment wy ..vy glpneq em:wpg: 5:7yg4here the acceleration of gravity is essentially zero. As the air on one side of the cabin is heated by an electric heater, what is true about the convectig7.yq5:e genwyyg:: v.pp4 m lon currents caused by this heating?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two neighboring rectangular houses built from the k3 ,fy rgrcnqdy)78 m( w*c:1yg4e jtxsame materials. One of the houses has twice the length, width, and height of the other. Under identical climatic conditions, what would be true about the rate that heat would have to be supplied to maintain the same inside teg*r73d cj,gwx tc81f n ery4()kqy:ymmperature on a cold day? Compared to the small house, the larger house would need heat supplied at

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the absolute temperature of a radiator is double w ;*twab :t:;mjba*cdd, by what factor does the radiating pow:dat; *wbmbajw* c:; ter change?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process whereby heat flows in the absvt8s5f+8wvm+el ti rqbv+r..x6gc 2n. gj qe5ence of any medium is referred to as

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  By what primary heat transfer m,i m)w i5zvt4kechanism does the Sun warm the Earth?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1700 J of work is equivalent to gpk 9;kn.j(hlvg y(*)vxi tv o.kk-w3how much heat?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  16.5 kcal of heat is equij9ifm+60hl u ya4dd3p.1xgz ivalent to how much work?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Gasoline yields $4.8 \times 10^{7} \; joules$ per kg when burned. The density of gasoline is approximately the same as that of water, and 1 gal = 3.8 L. How much energy does your car use on a trip of 100 mi if you get 25 mi per gallon?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat is needed to raise tt1j b d;1gm; l-hpyon)he temperature of 100 g of lead ($c = 0.11 \; kcal/kg \cdot ^{\circ}C$) by $15 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If 40 kcal of heat is added to 2.0 kg of wh-d1tfcn1:o 1ss1k srater, what is the resulting temperature chang1f1s:h nr t-c1 dso1kse?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 4.0-kg aluminum block :r(hyus /1mjc+ tori49* ina/d kq*xgis originally at $10 \; ^{\circ}C$. If 160 kJ of heat is added to the block, what is its final temperature?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  150 kcal of heat raises the t5w /qsmr4o ;u,)f ixpzemperature of 2.0 kg of material by $400 ^{\circ}F$. What is the material's specific heat capacity?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A person tries to heat up her bath water by adding 5.0 L of/xvzc 4a+ ga4r water at $80 \; ^{\circ}C$ to 60 L of water at $30 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the final temperature of the water?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A machine part consists of 0,rfj8t+ry 6vr- p z2dc.10 kg of iron and 0.16 kg of copper. How much heat is add,d-r8 jf +rr2tp6zyvc ed to the gear if the temperature increases by $35 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  50 g of lead ($c = 0.11 \; kcal/kg \cdot ^{\circ}C$) at $100 \; ^{\circ}C$ is put into 75 g of water at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the final temperature of the mixture?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 0.600-kg piece of metal is he*2zi5q/kb7yz d a kb;bated to $100 \; ^{\circ}C$ and placed in an aluminum can of mass 0.200-kg which contains 0.500 kg of water initially at $17.3 \; ^{\circ}C$. The final equilibrium temperature of the mixture is $20.2 \; ^{\circ}C$, what is the specific heat of the metal?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 0.10-kg piece of c8)alsj* /qkqjbw1 .rfopper, initially at $95 \; ^{\circ}C$, is dropped into 0.20 kg of water contained in a 0.28-kg aluminum can; the water and aluminum are initially at $15 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the final temperature of the system?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If 50 g of material at acl vfxv(d,pts-ir8) c,pn m/) d)h 3r$100 \; ^{\circ}C$ is mixed with 100 g of water at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$, the final temperature is $40 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the specific heat of the material?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two equal mass objects make up a sysn0a nekao/k:ej..v6j qe qi36tem that is thermally isolated from its surrj:q636qna/. . 0 jvkeenioae koundings. One object has an initial temperature of $100 \; ^{\circ}C$ and the other has an initial temperature of $0 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the equilibrium temperature of the system, assuming that no phase changes take place for either object? (The hot object has a specific heat capacity that is three times that of the cold object.)

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  On his honeymoon, James Joule attempted to explore the relationships between1 1v-e/bp 0 swgx*ndkj various forms of energy by measuring the rise of temperature of water which had fallen down a waterfdgn-p wvx1/e*s0jkb 1 all on Mount Blanc. What maximum temperature rise would one expect for a waterfall with a vertical drop of 20 m?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The water flowing over Niagara Falls drops a dista474, 1 / pefi6opsasoqlx hl)hnce of 50 m. Assuming that all the gravitational energy is converted to thermal enep)o p l h4seas,1/hx47fl6 iqorgy, by what temperature does the water rise?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 200-L electric water heater uses 2 kW. Ai286d 8szvshznzm0wm)s:/ qqssuming no heat loss, how long would it tw:q86hznsdv 0z)si2zm /s8mqake to heat water in this tank from $23 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $75 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 5000-W heater is used to heat water. n3syhp2tk1+5brv;v r zg-z/o How long will it take to heat 20 kg of water from g532orzp/;z v 1ns t+y r-vkbh$20 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $100 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An aluminum kettle (mass 1000 g, po5y3 h5mp*pv$c = 0.22 \; kcal/kg \cdot ^{\circ}C$) holds 400 g of pure water at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. The kettle is placed on a 1000 W electric burner and heated to boiling. Assume that all the heat from the burner heats the kettle and its contents, and that a negligible amount of water evaporates before boiling begins. Calculate the amount of time required to bring the water to boil.

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In grinding a steel knife blade (specific heaae2wg- z3o6k5 s; npxaw:l 8q3vjps*et = $0.11 \; cal/g \cdot ^{\circ}C$), the metal can get as hot as $400 \; ^{\circ}C$. If the blade has a mass of 80 g, what is the minimum amount of water needed at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ if the water is not to rise above the boiling point when the hot blade is quenched in it?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat must beas3qu(s4f al9wk n8 h2 removed from steam to change it to liquid?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ice has a latent heat of fusion of 80 k2u8-ld9*ep6 c ram2n*vmh ; vqlsb( rscal/kg. How much heat is required to melt 8*r s*mv9 b h(d-;u6l2 2lpsvqeamrcn200 g of ice?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat energy is needed to change 10 kg of ice atb-hje wosai u- k 94qcgfz*r1x8::rl7 $-20 \; ^{\circ}C$ to water at $50 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat needs to be remo8qxgx/ n q6qq0ved from 100 g of $85 \; ^{\circ}C$ water to make $-5 \; ^{\circ}C$ ice?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The heat of fusion of ice is 80 kcal/ 66fq,g. k+s6eyyf ag9cl;zedkg. When 50 g of ice at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ is added to 50 g of water at $25 \; ^{\circ}C$, what is the final temperature?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Eight grams of water 6c hpsj 856;y qhk*ccdinitially at $100 \; ^{\circ}C$ are poured into a cavity in a very large block of ice initially at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$. How many g of ice melt before thermal equilibrium is attained?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A block of ice at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ is added to a 150-g aluminum calorimeter cup that holds 200 g of water at $10 \; ^{\circ}C$. If all but 2.00 g of ice melt, what was the original mass of the block of ice?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If 2.0 kg of water a: ,vuhcwre4 1kadul+ 6t $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ is to be vaporized, how much heat must be added?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat energy is needed to change zsw /uaen,d82 10 kg of water at $50 \; ^{\circ}C$ to steam at $120 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat is required to change one y49pch9m kjw8gram of $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ ice to $120 \; ^{\circ}C$ steam?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat is required to pb9u.m9c c a,ppkp9f ;change 100 g of $-10 \; ^{\circ}C$ ice to $150 \; ^{\circ}C$ steam?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A person makes ice tea by adding ice to 1.8 kg of htb1eev3p 95 j; buw-z-udsit 1ot tea, initially at $80 \; ^{\circ}C$. How many kilograms of ice, initially at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$, are required to bring the mixture to $10 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The heat of fusion of levydrpmnpmgci8 t4-p*2m 8o:*ad is 5.9 kcal/kg, and the heat of vaporization is 207 kcal/kg, and its meltin8t*n cp24od *im:yp-m vg8rp mg point is $328 \; ^{\circ}C$. How much heat is required to melt 50 g of lead initially at $23 \; ^{\circ}C$? (The specific heat of lead is $0.031 \; kcal/kg \cdot ^{\circ}C$)

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The thermal conductiv3bzc9n lbfkzvt/+*vslcf/v h,6 :yv ;ity of concrete is $0.8 \; W/m \cdot ^{\circ}C$ and the thermal conductivity of wood is $1.1 \; W/m \cdot ^{\circ}C$. How thick would a solid concrete wall have to be in order to have the same rate of flow through it as an 8-cm thick wall made of solid wood? (Assume both walls have the same surface area.)

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The thermal conductiv( utj 1 uhk(,bee8qsh )b)bfw5ity of aluminum is twice that of brass. Two rods (one aluminum and the other brass) are joined together end to end in excellentj(ew,5e( hu) k bb)18ubqft sh thermal contact. The rods are of equal lengths and radii. The free end of the brass rod is maintained at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ and the aluminum's free end is heated to $200 \; ^{\circ}C$. If no heat escapes from the sides of the rods, what is the temperature at the interface between the two metals?

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72#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A window glass 0.50-cm thick has dimens/x(wvxb7 zu;l ions of 3.0 m by 1.5 m. If the outside temperature i 7;(uwx/bl xvzs $-10 \; ^{\circ}C$ and the inside temperature $20 \; ^{\circ}C$, what is the rate of heat conduction through the window?

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73#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A window glass 0.50-cm thick has dimensions of 3.0 m by 1.5 m. If d c d(,*jf4yjothe outside temperatujo yj 4,(*fdcdre is $-10 \; ^{\circ}C$ and the inside temperature is $20 \; ^{\circ}C$, how much heat flows through the window in one hour by conduction only?

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74#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat will flow in 1.0 hour through a 2.0 m x 2.0 m section k 6(m l.1omj1mbceyc4of concrete (ce 1ykm c6j1bm(ml. o4$k = 2.0 \times 10^{-4} \; kcal/s \cdot m \cdot ^{\circ}C$) 10 cm thick if the inside temperature is $21 \; ^{\circ}C$ and the outside temperature is $4 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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75#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How long will it take to transfer 1,000,000 cal of heat through a13uqxokohy9q lx0x:hx5 :x )iax:0o jcr 6 jk1 $2.0 \; m^{2}$ pane of 0.30 cm thick glass ($k = 2.0 \times 10^{-4} \; kcal/s \cdot m \cdot ^{\circ}C$) if the temperature differential is $10 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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76#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the outside temperataqcr 1dovp jk mump9;7):j60h ure if 4000 kcal of heat is lost through a $4.0 \; m^{2}$ pane of 0.30 cm thick glass ($k = 2.0 \times 10^{-4} \; kcal/s \cdot m \cdot ^{\circ}C$) in one hour from a house kept at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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77#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an electric furnace used for refining steel, the temperature is monitored by rkx1r qxgr0i+3yo rxi) p30f1, s5kgrmeasuring the radiant power emitted through a sm0r3xs01 iq,5ikyo 3rg1rfr)kxgr+ x pall hole of area $0.5 \; cm^{2}$. The furnace acts like a blackbody radiator. If it is to be maintained at a temperature of $1650 \; ^{\circ}C$, at what level should the power radiated through the hole be maintained?

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78#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what rate is the human body radiating energy when it isfok- r96n.6gmfn re zytoqd;238vk*r at $33 \; ^{\circ}C$? Take the body surface area to be $1.4 \; m^{2}$, and approximate the body as a blackbody.

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79#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What temperature exists inside a solar 9; qn*/fatemdcollector (effective collection area of $15 \; m^{2}$) on a bright sunny day when the outside temperature is $+20 \; ^{\circ}C$? Assume that the collector is thermally insulated, that the Sun radiates the collector with a power per unit area of $600 \; W/m^{2}$, and that the collector acts as a perfect blackbody.

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