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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on 2tg221h dij bvumzsu *6en5g6the T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no chang9.l*y c.2qket,g74 vuui5 w 3gtjyw da2m3zq ie in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thh 19eev kxe.q-ermodynamics, Q=ΔU+W, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its fkb y+h*vdqx0x59y 2d ug+zz, ik.b.qtemperature. This process ibd i.,yz0vkyb f.*2k9+xqxqdgz+5 uhs

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L tt3:wk 8 s+q3 ,kyajmwpo 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the e ja ty8w, 3qk:pskw3+mxternal mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume durinoxf( ; 0acul:jkhl -k9eku1, cg an isothermal process. The final pressure of thexa 1jec uh ku9kkco;(-fll,:0 gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this processykzskzl ci36o5b4 /g/, 6 J of energy is expended by the externals6obk ckgi 5y/lz/3 4z mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the eventr6ihxiu1 9 fi), the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. Thiu9)r6if 1iixh s process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of tq6t9yr2 ab qc*cyp9-khermodynamics, Q=ΔU+W, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-halos0 d2qoa/6 pc.w5 blwf its original volume during an adiabatic process. The fo5ba 0/2o 6wwsqcp.d linal pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one cob wnb g:vp71c2bgh/ .untains2bhb7 pb gngw/:. u1vc O2 and the other He. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects3yfxo)wv4q2mg/a4p m except that one containsxpmg4a)fq/ vw4 yo23m O2 and the other He. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV del*( *xa xpp.sdlu3,kdwj)8wj7 t 4dmiagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there 8-f njjsmc-)y 29 xxkuis no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynoi92b)p/ jfn9lr wl:zht ( /taamics, Q=ΔU+W, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at cxd;vr h w17vu/onstant pressure as heat is added to it. This pr h1 v;vu7/rxdwocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy 5dd g/kkp2 *9 sicci:sare transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy d kci:/9d cs*5sgkp2i of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the P-lz;htk/ mwg,V diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no cha +ge3pz4a2p4homq8lv 7inp d7 -h*ybpnge in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ther024+f t4zci re id4cgrmodynamics, Q=ΔU+W, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot exptr 51kh j6utez1gea; 5and as heat energy is added to it. T;hk1a5teer tu 61 zjg5his process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferredvy/lm v5iv x x6c.3yjmba*82x to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy of tvmxyx5x l3m*c.82vvab ji/ y6he gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thjq cvan y(p3uxb3x)86 ermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold r(0;p coqjnd q-czc5k .c3f, nyeservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold recohtcwgz yohk 9w101w(w5je1 )9csyk8:1bw p servoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to p ow lr)w*r71jw-gr8j2f yuvrt/4.wxClausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illukw4 un7 .q1lnrstrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by l.1n47u wqknr an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat eng m:i)ew-p /3quus rd1n/yy p6gine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot -2i8o xux apw0engine is to be 100%, the heat sink mu-u08x w iopax2st be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis7 is8dpraad0* t- cq*lts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamicvpmuxccr9 +.kf s:r*y+d 1l+kv 2al:a s.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perf0ssjhg2vla 8b +:tp 9wormance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio o8hlstsb:29+ag0j pwvf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pucwpv.itn .e+4hud 7* mmp is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entr 12k for7su ;//ypiphlopy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, foov8/a1gt0u6n nnok i8 r any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of 6 nk a/itu80oog vn1n8the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of .tai lfew 7wv6o85 ky(thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude tayc-+u, )sw0y hvqry8hat

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an i+3qmjddy8u kqxeq m1pe-z 7 -23p) j7*vos uxddeal gas. What is the change in internal energx uud -p1m8vsqm7qoexz* pd ey)+-j3j3d qk72y?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat a)j( os7qn 473vcoap79t1x efml 0pzais removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done 0toe zq) x1ompl9sa7 vna4pac7j(7f3in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal pj5sd,bw 8xxf43ok kb* )svd+irocess is -400 J. What is the change in internal eneri+f)v4bxskbj* d8 wx53k,s od gy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compresso,y2 hbn)u;n1/k kmbbing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of the gaskb,n/ ) u;yhn1k bmbo2?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. l /o -a)qf2koa What is the cqoko 2a/)-alfhange in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreaskmmi(vw mx58fbxuj 2o ;/n4n3es by 50 J. What is the work k2mx 8mw(inv ;/xbo uf54nj3 mdone?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the i(,b8 vaehi y/zh f 7rcndfs8d)1 +q0fxnternal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exqi)fdd 7ca88/ s+fhe(zfnbx, rh y0v1change?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cowx),l5w k+xo 2b+vkf t4 lud,zoled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gal4b kdfz+k vl+),wwx5uox2 ,t s?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at const p y /3elijyx2f1;k zw;8cuso;ant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many mole; x/ocj;ke y; 1 3syi8f2uzlwps of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wat s5z4q5iact3ra 3 5lpaer at 80∘C. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of hd3k 2/cish:i *d dr5faeat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is ti/fk dih2d*sad r3 :c5he efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. y8m z xg)kx-wdj+p.u 4rmj8b: How mucjj4:.rzk ) xwpmd8+b8 y-muxgh work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an eo/7v/t ( k9vkmbyqq)jd 2-ilslk4/av27flr ufficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat doev7 bvr/ojvl ksl 7lqad4q/kik/2yt)f -( 29 ums it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of h+e xscw ezt9+b; o0e 41qatgs;eat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of e4;qes;s+gwat1xt e zb+0 e9coach cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat ymbe.ck,k 8y4-i(z fsy: d /sdeach cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done , si/ kyz8.ec bmd fdsy(4y:k-each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far ggwv3t314exr h97zi5wv rij 3has the following characteristics: combu5w tiwg4 ijr7 v 33grvxh319ezstion chamber temperature = 1900∘C, exhaust temperature = 430∘C, 7.0×109cal of fuel produces 1.4×1010J of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followijs b;qa6 2b/lwmdr5zwj 7 i1)tng characteristics: combustion chamber temperatulmjij1 /2az) t6w5sbr bw7;dqre = 1900∘C, exhaust temperature = 430∘C, 7.0×109cal of fuel produces 1.4×1010J of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the e(s mgdnp466iuazwbdr (e3sm/o8 8k/following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatdmu 3s(mk wnoabrgp6 8e6i(se8zd// 4ure = 1900∘C, exhaust temperature = 430∘C, 7.0×109cal of fuel produces 1.4×1010J of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of el-ak5w w(5qa d6 nb15ygkdvl.b ectric power. The plant uses 4.8×106kg of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is 3.3×107J/kg. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of 300∘C, and the exhaust water is at 37∘C. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electr jsvftz1t: *7v/xesu4e) d -jric power. The plant uses 4.8×106kg of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is 3.3×107J/kg. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of 300∘C, and the exhaust water is at 37∘C. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The planf o*qmd 5h yxdx;uqv*1 q(d08nt uses 4.8×106kg of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is 3.3×107J/kg. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of 300∘C, and the exhaust water is at 37∘C. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot effici lb9x/3v8gkdp ency of an engine which operates between 450∘K and 310∘K?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum hnh2;ebi dqur3 gd1 04theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating betwh1g 42hr e;q0u3i ddbneen 100∘C and 400∘C?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temkby ,i8ap6 qpsj z1 hhw9d168zperature of the cold reservoir if the tem,a6h h8pydz6ks 1w1jbz 8 qi9pperature of the hot reservoir is 500∘K?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwervejwmvh ;6*( a-ey 1sen 40∘C and 380∘C has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat ywllmr/449j o from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How mu 4 mjry4l/wl9och work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from yo 1hq+ t*rf,pr.fotinp t77qo3l .r;the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejectrp1y3nq tr7p q.or+ *o7i;hf,to.t lfs 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heatty9 +i,/rbxp v7uylpj se(xq-y;ef- 6 from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input ilt,jybyx - vixe/ 79yp+;fqr6 -p s(ues required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 5ig3qs y 2bs;4u8wfaxw e-du)60 g of ice melt at 0∘C?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change *fsfz 7j48 l t8xqkelm;0*8vq lbmg+ iin entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at 100∘C condenses to water at 100∘C. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoe(0v7zomltyvnjipbk3k680o r)p w6 8(. jetl bs an isothermal expansion and its entropy 08n jle tby6wl6kzv0op.8(i3o(r j p)mkvtb7changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at q r-p.ukszs/.80∘C is placed in 1.2 L of water at 72∘C. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of 75∘C. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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