1. Which of the following could betb6ew:o74bg q part of the description of a forest habitat on a e:ow6bq7g 4btmountain?
I. The community in the forest.
II. The population of a species.
III. The annual mean rainfall.
IV. The location of the mountain range

  2. Which of the following ar.ept+*zcgp 2odd eq+1 e conditions required for coral reef formation in an ocet c+z de.+dg qpep12o*an?
I. Appropriate salinity of the water.
II. The presence of coral grazing species.
III. The annual mean temperature of the ocean between 22 and 27°C.
IV. The depth of the water allows sunlight to reach the reef.

  3. Which one of the following is a correct featuo1uxmys y9d 1d6-tx9(( rr nscre of a tundra biome but not for arynm 19( xx-trdo(yu16ss d c9 taiga biome?

  4. What is the best description of the limits of tolerance of a nyso ./ zf(ii6species?

(a) Divided leaves

(b) Low stomatal dens )idx,xo3:ng: ; o)/n(jpend*jilx yy ity

(c) Leaves at the top of tajjna/r wenn /eyo)x zw2fs3.bb 75 4,dll stems.

(a) List the two abiotic factors that are the determinants of thea bxb0kr/x qx5*v,e5 i type of terrestrial biom*qxxx5b0r ibkae5,v/e.

(b) Suggest one example of .wwc,g u3t7 snnky)p(an area occupied by one these biomes that may change duepu.n sgww3c k()nt,y 7 to global warming. Suggest a reason why this change may happen.

7. Borislava is an ecologist. Shbje jrj.: ,w3me is responsible for the protected areas of a beach on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The area is protected because there are populations of rare plants adapted to the sand dune habitat which is a hostile3:,.jmrbw j ej environment for many plant species. The conservation areas are each of approximately 100x50m.

Explain how to carry out a line transect to monitor the distribution of plants in this part of the beach.

8. Outline three waypubr aq3*0dk7w;nd+v3 sh 7yps in which plants avoid being consumed by herbivorous animal3k+qy p*dpu7d s wr0b;h 73vnas.