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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V g ,q m+xfelf1)siv*c 8graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is nol qw *jw:4zf icx0 +)4wtpes3q change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamick t)2*mrbud5 5bw(cmime3e;rms ax 9:s, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original gsw30o m(wn(jvolume with no change in its temperature.(mjw gs3 0w(no This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 Lnq 4v 3bl6x.o7 arh.1 *;5vhauxjyaex. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the 3.hu5.qnevl*x 7ba6; ayajhr1v 4 xxo gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to *ax3z ys26tc cstvb: 7ctde 0;one-half its original volume during an isothermal p 30adtsc y x7t:6ct2vs;cz*ebrocess. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. Durimg*fk;al o7uh+o/g ) mctk2l (ng this process, 6 J of energy is expendedku*/c+gkm)toa( l 7g;2lh fmo by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the event, the g51ost(m3njpap/j f3 gas exchan 1o(f3/5gsp n3j japmtged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of theroc7rqy/ mno32sz3 :zz modynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to l2p89zlshj443e:g9)j-n ona x pwplq one-half its original volume during an adiabatic prpl w2qln-pal9:x8o ) 3e4 ghp9szjj4nocess. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas id hy7 27ci sjto chb69n d:jsbj;z6*bjt8tyz2, entical in all respects except that one contains hbij 6 d*cj:bzch2so972t7s t; bjj, t z6n8yy$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that on2wu5z wi4s b 3v-+bbult z0zh+e contains +4w5tv +sbzz2ubb lwiu 30zh-$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is0(nsa lzia+y8 an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no ch5;ilirdx 5mg)l 9 14qp,qsnkkange in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, 8g;ao q g6 c8t,wnrki,$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. Tj 8r0gi,z e/r)eesw6 fhis process )68,g0 rfezew/jreis is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to ux;axx+yu)8mzlyj 9/ a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the inm ja/y z8)l;uxxy ux+9ternal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV qlv6 oce af7diryh 9;1:+h12ti :ynegdiagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procesm mwyg9wer o/,,l l7+as, there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyntthxm( v.)rd,amics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container thatm6 k:zt qxv9z+ibdd4f 8 qid(-a(ry4y cannot expand as heat energy is addedz8yz6fi-+q vx ( dd(db4tmykri4q:9 a to it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constakdhx;5l,rv y7rh: l:snt volume. As a result, the intlk:vxhsrl75h d:r ;, yernal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodb;sa: j f7vwqrevm8-4 ynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservo;tq2qrgm/ 3fd70csk8yi8u zy ir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to2a4vva2ax y;hhn*+vcz*s 4 yw a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clausius75f t+uhw. lae.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated8lz k kpwan3d7oz,;ynhq)1ca 2 ).jbo here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on this . a2joqlo7nhkakpz ;zd)c3b 8,y1nw) cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the rati hpf:v9 y:oaf6o of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engi .wdb)w c b6 y;knm,heqgxiy)u3ja, (4ne is to be 100%, the heat sink must),4;hw )nx,6ygj(udwe 3kiab .by mqc be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists of;5wq +hqpwfyz,jycwr6.1 o7 x

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynnuoauprt6,d)i ; 66bb amics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) ofvp oyws.4*t9a6ouz0.(tgu o d a refrigerator is defined as the ratio ozoa0s4u9*o vy.g.6 po(u tw dtf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heag6p8/6rgtdd ck2 w zk1t pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, )).9s)wv/n0v*gy :xw hlmqf 0lchrmythe entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynapctb7c +2f2wm k5x1 kgmics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the1kg f2kp m72+tc x5wcb choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the seconi rtw )lh0is8gpl,(nqgm0h6 -d law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclud: k()v8a(9b+linpiuk7v ja00sobk jpe that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal pro;gb;x6r .q ssklry 2ui z9/fz;cess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change ini9suy;gxzrb6kr;q z; f/ 2ls . internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. Whae/gsk1o1lt5e*z bfe 3ayd8 x1t is the work done in t18g zf*y at/o13s51dexkle eb he process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas syst0qyh 81nqzp a/em in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in i/y80 1qa qphznnternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change i mallct8mo73w8 d)7z,szpg 0 :rfd,a bn internal energy of the gas?7azr3gdw m7:al,8sdp0zb,l c m )o f8t

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while d,xom-hv qja)4-p h 6daoing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal enjhodam) 6-hx aq4p-v ,ergy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy o9c zb0rt(u9 7foe w;yuf a system decreases by 50 J. What is twy c7;(90z urfo9eutbhe work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decr9despx x,q3- teases by 50 J. What is the heat exsd3tx -9exp,q change?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomiczka-a cvd- v-b*9s8.c8 n khyg gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat bd8k *nv.chs- z 9-ykcgva8a- is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is c7vq)z0 at1p faooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas area1qfta z)p7v0 in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg olnfw iz2g 9g)6f water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 300ad oh)2n*hrpx2 : spo30 J in each cycle. What is the efficin3xod2p*:h p)s oa2h rency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 1l(imc /ls (ph550 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in e iphs/ (l5lm(cach cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat pj ch,6ut-sx(23zgxqs er cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?xc,xsj(-6 tu3gz2h qs

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Cal m g*6ciof/84rpz(u r /ujjn4oculate the efficiency 4(cz/ro 8 /j*ojrp6inm4 ug fuof each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. n ob23/h; scfs Calculate the work done each cycle.hs/2 ;o nfsc3b

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enginekysex/ )r0(gj n prfy g,f) r(wlr,,)es built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temn, kesyl 0j) xyr,,er/fpr( rf) g(g)wperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following chaa-z7f mz2;ygj racteristics: comb;7 aj2z mfg-zyustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficie( evms); :sg2c)muoount engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tos )mu2sc(:) veg mu;oemperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elf)gzv sj+a d6aj3*s o;6v0ksh ectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of el6e quv7+iap v1ectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of eleccx: zpr(w4.u f5z:gs itric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates beq6f 6sfyb (;kdtween $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency-0gg) 1ym tcsvs6g0be possible for an engine operating betweemg6g y)gecb01v 0t-ssn $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the coldb f.ws i39p6h e 7f-y1luiwfp) reservoir if the temperature of the hot ryf9s3)if whp.le1ub7-pi f w6 eservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwe xvv- kv+m)pz7q2 p7 x;n;ga(ko8z 7jz gtqy0zen $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 k gkfon/*-ntv/vuok. .(xx v m:J and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cyc gno uk*x:.k./xm f (novvv-t/le?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat fro serdv6ou6zfht; dgw7w: )o 40m the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cyv4 r0o6 o ;)du gdsh:wf6e7ztwcle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from theg :hpja4 b0hxe(0g/ze1 rl4t r freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cybe(h4 atzeg/ r0xh:rp41ljg0 cle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy whlu0 4+ :ndahhkkv wp;5en 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freee cn8;pd 9*r)z hsl-kegxj,s;zes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gam+uefq xlp i v)qb:/5fb17 v ;j1j9wpzs at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes byf p: /eq1;bxq9mf5)b+7vwiujp lv 1z j
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at /ub33qodox7:him(z 73)i crj:ua xty$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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