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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the*r8/fwt0 z enp u2ou;9x1evck T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, thero5tl us5 ws:a5eckvwlh)zxk6 (i+i7 (e is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of theo+h qim/ wd3 h2lgomcm)6h4+ tznw5 x/rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its tempera*yc*k:w a-4/pmyll l lture. This procel/ m*yl w*aly-:pkc l4ss is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this processtnl7 d14whm2p, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of inte nd p2t471mwlhrnal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to onb tf9+zt5 6ttpe-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The fin+tzfbt 965ttp al pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, ( ,xvj/i9e)xot7d rts 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Whichv/(9xt7do) rts xjie, of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isoty8 tyepihem,vu 3 +;(lated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat w,u 3h(y +t8e;itmve ypith its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicqj*o) m3jqnz2wprc l7-2ef 2e s, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its origi:rri+nzz/ /xinal volume during an adiaba +nz:riiz/ /xrtic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all rerorfysz4kqc(8* jg 2+cq1/is spects except that one containsq fy o(z ijs*kcs2/q8rcg+1r4 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identic4q bp);mpy+qmt7lj * ual in all respects except that one contains jl)4 7 mby;pmtup*qq +$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the P+l6 aqalb) emn79t2j xV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is nsqgi5gh d vbn3)9 r5*mo change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyo*aw/c51aqem3mq v:mrpo*/+cp w* ip namics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at o xv7xn4s..hcs wxr09constant pressure as heat is added to it. This process vx xh7 nss x.94cw.r0ois

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample viaqdfdb+scqf2z0-p2;/ + c )oec9kmof ideal gas at constant p ;bd2akvq2sif ep -c+)09z m/ cf+docqressure. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diag,hj ny.xzum p 8x9*ri/ram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is n e:fgb- (rk*hno change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermocpr 9vy0n qqg9 6trr) fcx)8e8dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid contxol9.6verwejl zq q j7u3y-9*ainer that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This prolr6ulj9-eo97*x3qwz ey.jv q cess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constiim :e.bxw:/e/jn (nk ant volume. As a result, the internal energy of the gamxnni(e ei/.::jk bw /s

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamics.3u/k 3ga scdg+
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to trany wgd ug ase:rpl+87+6cmo 0n:sfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from vlcshxj,o: p; bs lz,s(6h49 9wubs9ma cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamicx 6+izu :t;pbbs according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Duri 7- f3na0sduchng one cycle, how much work is done by an engi0f3 ha s-cdu7nne operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defin n5nc,6z n-cpnxme +d6ed as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink p5l yu,sa( i4imust b a, i5ui(sl4ype

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ofaav,ad9 xeff0 9dl b82

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodpm(r7 a z08qjzwr/sk 6ynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the rati.9( xhhbpu-y io ob9hi(pu- h xy.f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is def-s6n j8fs, h/lkr ol27c6wdk wined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the watb5suq i:akkc, /of2kmi 8vo,q7me m ,cq34x/ ger

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law v l );cbijilq8j+ga 3:+k5ltmof thermodynamics, for any process that may occur with:b5 jl;)q3 c+l8mv+kliji tagin an isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement ofv i au7 :a/cu68uao*tw the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermo/sce4o 7did -adynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. 6w dww/mvsq(4zy d6n 3 What is the change in intey3 6ww46w nvq/dzm s(drnal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is c9 ek5x,rsb/8 b9b fxcremoved from an ideal gas. What is the work donks85 bfx,x /brec 99bce in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isot.eni y n4w hwbr2x3 4r e6oddj+s+o.u2hermal process is -400 J. What is the chang4h3by+x2en. rn6odi +d. wwus 2j4r oee in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in c:bn 1aup6bn2qjj x9 q.ompressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal ene21 nbj u9b.nax :p6jqqrgy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Wha 1qs0u px xtejxf.xvh q4+92(xt is the change in internal energ+s xujh.9fq1 xtp vxq( 042xxey?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a s)v , /0rrg sbs..iy ib:9jznrqystem decreases by 50 J. What 9ny)j r /vs.i,rqgs b:0ibr.zis the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, tw btt 6ui7 +3jh,gqbw.he internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchwtib hbq6u.jt,wg +73ange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume 8dh/bm(z q /hy*rwx+e as it is cooled by 50 K. This fdr*(y w/+qh m hxez/8beat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at clf/ab tws-s )(onstant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. H/fw) ss(ba- ltow many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water at 8f4m .,ih3uf9mzkvl6gx wbn4 $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives yxjjtf s lkua16gf q 4:e5b,6:7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the et1eb q :4uyjgj6,k65lasf fx:fficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficin-,-ng7 nxk oxency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cycle?--nng,7on xk x

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 1507wb8vm fix +;r J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust bwx 8m;i +vrf7in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each /qgcua gi4k bmu((b/8tx 5 :y(y3 uobxcycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of eacbb/gi(uumyx/:bg 4k3x( 8q t5(uoy c ah cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kc g+(ahr;l gtzlaw26 r21t u07oll j2omal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work d 0rzl2lr1lag+a gw2 o2 uh(;mlt76tjo one each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so fark8y.oak+a(syj p6pq wtr : (x( has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature =.yky a8jo+pw6(txp ksr:a (q( $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterigd-szesbmq rj3 j1y g;i99yfu4r;j9, stics: combustion chamber temgqb- sj4g du1 iz3fy9me;r,; yrs9 j9jperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient eng5a6aw afic :sktd4cr f/h(6 yy 2qh55zines built so far has the following characteristics: ch sra4ha5f2:(6/itawc qfc dyzk y565ombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gvh yjtn1 c(3f8enerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Thet)ulfk , do..k(b o7lg plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. T2paykmt:+ 4v5y u ph-ghe plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which oper6 lbkly yjckf 00+26qnates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency pol2 zs3x7w- auzssible for an engine operating betwees2- zx wz7aul3n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carbf1z p-r( ap0fnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of theb(1f0r- az fpp hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwee v5 07ko qudg3dzksf(5n $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freee;oex 8cxt*e y-g:kdo1vs0 4jzing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in eac ekevog8e x0tcj1s-4*:x d;yoh cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate e74:g41/8y ejhf une,sdzx usof 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coeffz8e 1jusunfe 4:d g/47xys,heicient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrirm,uo jnzk-au ,ze;,3gerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required ,unaoe;r k,3j-z, zu min each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy whzrpk:8/ojbouxqln14c9 ua ar:(2 abc+l;:t wen 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entnst46fq8i.ym y8p5 1skyz0j tropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal 9g. +hjv :tfhigas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy chan h9jgh: +.iftvges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at n1*; pc ba,;sv p3ytpd$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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