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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph isq93pbgh3; znz an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, therejm r 7kg89ql::1wvcp l is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, e hjc imb60yc3h(k z3 0mbl))a$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no changevaozod( 9r-s3qp l:r-t *gwg u)rq6f) in its temperaturegszr )vlr9-q* qafdt ( rg)uw-o:o3p6. This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. Dib.r hbc;e. s8uring this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressb c.ir8.e; bshed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its o f4xmm303gsybn4z 4im/,umqx riginal volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of th x44f0 g3msmmq /y,bn34xumize gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from +(5 u1 g1fxxargh )bry20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of ra1 bfh u1ygg+5)r( xxenergy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressedkanp tuuw*n(+ql2 - k. in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat wil n+-u* uqk2kw at(np.th its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermod32704 kgouyj c rdo,c 2mtd2hgynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is c7y luk)oyu09bi2zle /ompressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The /z) you u0y9l7ek2blifinal pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that onr1nql. zdv1gmh.j 9z8e contains n8q.dl1vrh19jgzz . m$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical wt 9k88 o3pj-iyhdg 5ain all respects except that one contains9-kgdo 83 pih5yw at8j $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagral 4i eqkgq.:k.m is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change incu.n7mp + 2c4s .aewqo

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo h.pp2 e6xc5yoik) pmnz w ;,. thoi94qk-ryr7dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heatd8 mvwr7p+ z9doq,o *i is added to it. This prrmd7w+z8o q9i vdpo*,ocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are traojr4i 0i hqb;1nsferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a resu ii0hrjqb;4o1lt, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram ib+zi* 5 2du4frl3-6nmjiwox d s


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no ch)re)y tgo4 fj0ange in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyn0bmtmc6 z45khbh00u lamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as hetsx-zma5eahm.8k;j 0o8 ;bof at energy is added to it. This proceo0.x5o- h8b; ;8 maasjekftzm ss is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a2fn l-s a)5df)d8hjkx sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy of the gd- sh)f8) ax2dlnf 5kjas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of therm jwwq4fy3v32tu0 m jb)odynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to tl,h - xttm2f zm47m0ha cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir tof(b/ mq:t (fsikpo h.) a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodyct mo d;k)qf4)l2g f9znamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one u/l;dqc0uz6jcycle, how much work is done by an 0lz/;jcd6qu uengine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the r3v lo-v p6jd;zkmdv+ *atio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Cazg-iwdz qm 58s)/6b oarnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink mustwabg- 6s5o)/z i8zm qd be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists of3m0eqdx seinq:y tzf8+1y p :1

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics. fo9o)f1r+cu m
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance4nl-59ie )jjraoy0eh: wh9 ( ti7is he (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio ofi e oiey rl0:t49nah(5jih we97j h)-s

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as thm),l kkd7rm1h. .6m lj-fgp nhe ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the)nwgscl902o z rjc,9z entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any profzoisg4 o 4 qo+au6s9-cess that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices appliesqog4iz-ou+ss 69 oa4f?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynamics. 4/-3dc;e c6q;j rjf7mm-y pf5honfnp)x. are
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leo8ank;f e8s 7gads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fr3axse um:y8t; (k jti:1 mb.zkom an ideal gas. What isy st. 1;m(:zkm3iabxetj :8ku the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed f6wen4rk6b s*6 .glrbgrom an ideal gas. What is the wbnr4rsg6 e6bwl.k* 6g ork done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ide yrmadh;b+b3 er. b(r:al gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is t( rh.+yberma:bdr3b ;he change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is6febtmg1. e1fj1+ *e sgjh l(q the change in interna.e6 h es1j+ f(j1bgmegfq*l1tl energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is t u,mgg:7a.cxe io-9rbhe change in internalg.r7i ,9o :ab-u cgxme energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by ,0 hv 1kq/ 0e ,n cn-,jcgdn8dwp/sgru50 J. What is thevd dung0c80, qseh,1pnk, -nrj /c w/g work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system d-x7fzddem 2d4.vlbf z,fg )5qecreases by 50 J. What id)z.7d f-52xz,fq v4 fdgbmles the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintaj4azi0e rq3-i:km.s0 o yya)3bvoi f.to 3v.ained at constant volume as it is cooled by 3is0m.0 i.)3qjvvya4r f:y b-o. eoia okza3t50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of -292ubg8 o5nq(cthdgt huv 1r energy is removed from it. How many m nqch9 h(-8gud1rt52ouvtbg2oles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 + bw6f:2 ghpcr omwr95kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. ct y0oi7tzv+oas i8 z/yf)-v:j4r p0p What is the efficiivtfyrz: oyc st-0aj7p4v8)p/iz 0 +oency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receiver,kzew*c . vc+b) a;+aa2xwags 150 J of heat per cycle. How much ga rc,ka2+;)+ a*cwvezbx wa.work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% a qzex0:pwbw4fcu gd/ye-z/0, nd receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How zecwq y/ uzxgf0-0/, :bedpw4much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heqwg x5g4+xc m(e8)r;/a jaivu at each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of ea+va(gg)iw8m5a ecj;/ xr4qux ch cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbcnqp-fp 8)wc* r,9ufjs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each f9p cwj rpfqnc*,)8u-cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charactqsln0n i4(2o rfl(d wk, 4a6b*qvuxj. eristics: combustion chamber temperatu2.,a4r qikbll0sj *vf 6((u wn4ondx qre = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followi,zdahn( d m-3hng characteristics: combustion chamber te3mah,zdn h-(d mperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has thee gl-9wgo;) 0q)zh gps following characteristics: combustion chamber temperaturelwhz0 sq9o-p);g e g)g = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Thgdt6 c-dh,l16nzin 3qe plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electricf5g8+ x kl89*3trdr wnnl1siq power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The planto+ m29l27 p*a z jkhfey1ej,ic uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which (7jw 81 zr7z(cpjp/ unmd/lr goperates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum thv3yv t. kg5a.m acj3t3eoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating between g3 3v.mvk 5a.at3yjtc$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. h-xlm3jh:n,-pvp q m)What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperatu xh plpm)vnjh:q,m3-- re of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating b1rq:i9mg+rydqdw.8)b(lm k se/ t ;tyetween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartmen (ypr1 l3anqe8t at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycl1l( an8rpeq3 ye. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from theg v ,.yb+megq)3i *ael;(hj xc freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the co+(biex,;ghq)jy g.cmea v*l 3efficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbsa*va7wiq z t5-7vil7, nv) xlv 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is requiredw -q,navivz l7 x)vl7v *i75at in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy egnqp64y eg:v -d,xg5 when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice nw(rhrlci h 4v52j6i8freezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its enjhlp 47o*5h ukiqw*; ntropy changesihq wlh7j n4*5* upo;k by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at weqexxwf 20 xj6.x ii -*zzotf6,hk74h)7xif$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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