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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V gr1fhu47d)pusc 5*u lugaph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal proces4c4xeo c6 no1ws, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynahkn.+crg fkb2t1 7s;y-cpma2mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its temper7*v nl 0rcrot:x ot:f+y46tkj ature. This procelyr:r7cj +n:kt6tot x 0ofv* 4ss is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isoth4dvv;x 37rxzz-vq8t1 ;eilr/jkqw2permally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that comprlvxp 2r3; ;vr - qi7j8t4zx/vwke1z qdessed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an pfc +7(tjzs:np 5z+xaisothermal process. The final pressure of the gaxa+ tz+s c7:npf zj(p5s

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this proces ips ,463jyfoss, 6 J of energy is expended by th4so,p3jfs 6 yie external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in + prwq/ugh2f;an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This w phr;guf q/+2process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ther8 a9rhn hs-hky;0zf; nmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its origin,n t-bt q saa9 n).o0hxzz7 ;sx-p2ovial volume during an adiabatic process. The finala -o;2z azx tvih70b.tn n 9qp)o,x-ss pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylindeb3i*-n:lvnzm ed f)f,rs of gas identical in all respects except that one containsn)*vfl f,im3 e:zn d-b $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identicoo4ghs j71 2 ncf/*c sone:o0hal in all respects except that one contains 74e2ch1jfong n o* /0hs:oosc$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagryjw0vjg 0b( cxro3(gw8 ma-1n7kg1f dam is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no c7 ztyel/)1 ui 2h(woc+t3scj jhange in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of theazs d-it s) n;c2.eku)rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at cosrxj (3qre ley1m f*/*u f;fg0nstant pressure as heat is added to it. This process iygxl u/;qersr(1m0ffefj**3 s

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ip4bfgrmn m )uax *zv6d b27h-9deal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internalxb*mn2ga u7zm69 dp4hfr -v)b energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thlx dzd7621 wgue PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, t 46p:vz z.:vpt nhx +:/hjqpjehere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamyqk)f9dbfq60 xn;ws 7 ics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigidxvcwqu0y 1*kca*- la1g ns 6g* container that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. T*-gckgc1a* a 1ln6sqxyv w0 u*his process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy a1sc9zxl/hnp o/krl lz 8yr/ k j:oeee9a5a*( .re transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal9k la ylor:*.zaz9jr/hec85/oxesp1 lenk( / energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law ofh*qw9to3n b jj4e8y)y zbm :v0 thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold re-cin cz6-34ug btdlhl/lb:3v servoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transf st9qqa. gwx/5h3/rgber heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to qh vw n4-g9p jg-c:eb:Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how) 6x6cqh7en9:bh 7i urv+m yox much work is done by an engii+ n qu66bexcmx)7:7r hvhoy9ne operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat ef)67d7dpsow sq b n1y46xmd4q ngine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sinkq+wv-yfocw9n; , 6 ge p1gge*z must e,z -v+*qgo6f1 yge npwwg9c ;be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis9prz lnr7(qf /ts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thereoc- y4xy8 b (4.mh1dtya1v fh+z*ttrmodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a ry)a gme11qh( k,uahu.efrigerator is defined as the ratio ofe1u. ,uaa (kgm)q y1hh

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heek 4)vvfr 8k6rgpn hi7 ,jo:y)at pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, t pku yju949jaw:ch4 q8he entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second nv;z)vtob3 u -law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices appli ) unz-o;3vbtves?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodyfu s t7. es31*g0up92lqdbhoaab1k-rd /o2a jnamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads *+ 9nj vmy; o:endzs-;8pyz.slg ju 1uib,)nkus to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. z1a cym81jg ;j1xz:jn What i:zcjy ;za g jxj1nm811s the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is rem ;klz/kzs*kd5y 4 dmf0oved from an ideal gas. What is the work done in thl;sm k5 4 fddkz0*ky/ze process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal procesi 2 69 6kutgwvbl )n2y1r/yadwic5kq*s is -400 J. What is the chanl2vq9c 2y6 akg di* i1)wrynb t6kuw/5ge in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chajk9nf2i5g* p 1jmub(9bti ulw1 q,sla o 0xm/6nge in internal energy of ,l 0bwak mu1u n 1l6bi(5i/2j 9omt* p9jsxqfgthe gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. cgw6f(vi zqh.kle:)bl1ln7 + e,)yl*rk pz z2What is the change in int rb z:.llw1 ephlnk*z)li)(g7c2 ez,+k yfq 6vernal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system;h1f8n; /d0fnycm8a e4ha dsy decreases by 50 J. What is thdm8/f yh0nf8nay;1 a 4d sh;cee work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy ofkszmyry289* f a system decreases by 50 J. What z9* ky2sy8mfr is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintainez234vei5p ftb/0 wqt-o;k o bisb:-u zd at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done fbb0 o:b /3 ztti2v- ukzs; 5i4oweq-pby the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volulk9k4y7q*k1 7bejz m(fdhk n -me when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gqke(9k * 7 -7lfyj1zndkmkb4 has are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wath r6l qi+xi*.uer at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J ins*ekr3m 2a,gcn6 m/pu each cycle. What is the efficien6g*au sm/ 3emnkr2,pccy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J ov. ilecck 8f*uh r9;h.f heat per cycle. How much work dihh.u cv ;8k *fr9l.ceoes it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% ty5 e7qsu6+u cy oo:)sand receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in eacs5 )7ouy6uy:q eos+t ch cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhaus3wcdgu+vc1 mv( 1(y/af3wvk ots 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency owv 13 cm3(vgc(1f auow k+/vydf each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat eac((bhgocvowyt q2( i5)h cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done eacwb v( t5)c2o(oi hg(yqh cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient e9gk;u0kr38 itemf e/pngines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatur /eu tkig;pf9mr 038eke = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far u 2rorh,:tg-0fj: gyv has the following characteristics: combustion chambeygt :v,-hju2 f:o0gr rr temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristice(x(f-3hdkn ss: combustion chamber temperatsd-( hkn(x3fe ure = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant eq8nqt .w7k 9, k4ec2jmv z+klgrf26duses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generatescb,ru(e bml,uk7/k 1w 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elzj3 g390 e 8b j4v: fupilkdf:5dccn-wectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiizr yqd;dh:7s4gs+ -b ency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficienxuetws(pbb 1 y9.;h0 ccy possible for an engine operating betweey (w 9pex1btsch.b;u0n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine i gzc+8srb1qk 8s 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperatur kgb8srq8cz +1e of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betbqp3u3 pi1l/w ween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from gems1m)um3t8um2cy jlx 26c( the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work 8 m2 mm12(x)u sctm6l3cjyugeis required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat froz5k3vew vfac.g8gt9.com-i) m the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ a.e o tc 8-vcwm593 a.v)gkzifgnd ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerq 3otg)mzqrv6+5rf( o ator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is requirevr r+3()qm fgo6ozq5 td in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g o-bk2qf8d 8e kq:e hhr0f ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the chan (xji-x4:ton)i wx y ;y qkkyfh2c;.r2ge in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP50aa f(/jcali undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy i5lajf0c / aa(changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 2xc*,d ppya x0$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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