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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph iu0+ n.9ehpu guf;o f8gs an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is n6(hm(cx essa4 o change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of 0g 0opba jke3z* v2ej(+pcfe2 x9)ln c 7d,nazthermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original voluvz4x:8peo m0 kme with no change in its temperature. This processmx8p0k vze:o4 is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During tdn, hr,nsyipvt ,7w +5his process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compt7n nip y r,,hwd,vs+5ressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an isota m 5zeboi)(gc,:qttgl,jd j 6 2v81zfhermal process :f)jb1tgio8 zq5g(6ja, ,ve2mdc t lz. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded h m3k 07a2arekisothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of eerk70 2aham 3knergy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed inq / -wrw2gxw:g an isolated environment. During the event, the gas excrwgwq /-g2 wx:hanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicg0: j2 lvr,guwm );7 xk t43-n-iaah0qvjmjhms, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during anjfz pmmdp77 /6.u9-qratrw*l adiabatic process. The final pressure w6*qm7tplj .7 mrd9zp-ru/af of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one o1hotj qj,9 f(v-6uhw d jwu3,contains93,j whh wvo,f1ujo- (u6 dtqj $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects/lv r-n5ws49( cyboje except that one contains sy-/9(bj 4lnoc5v r we$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram g o: griw48ok3is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, thef4; lhlnjc b7-is v)a:re is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,)og/6l,d x0d h jtpnv1 $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. Th*kmg 39 jx1fypsswq1a4(qz a +is proce1ksqm*9w (a sp3 +az4x1gjy fqss is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transf0(gpvuywglu3(3 get+ r 1d 0gberred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of t g3y0 rdv 1ggb(we lg(3+0utuphe gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PVnkr9x bj 0lksc:v 8eq(n88clh+x w :g0 diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there iq, 5igar)6 kars1en(cs no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynfbo4bss 1kymwcklo j 4,2 t+64amics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat ene2 uwmi -;awv ;a2lv :e0dtv7ylrgy is added to it. This process ia0w;mev ltv-;7dw2ia vl:u y2 s

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a samplewvea87o6q2kka+c gl9r, 3 ay p of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, theg,rv eq wpc 6o8+9ya2kk3aa 7l internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamimn 8( +2g0up/twxxfj ics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoi:i)dgur /4x7ii+o7 hco 5yek rr?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat ck.q +xf0jd c8from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics /hbp -;phf9jqb// kk oaccording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrqfp fmle( x.9po)u8 /tated here. During one cycle, how much work is done be l( q8fp9m. toup/)fxy an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is de n5y 1+(o (4 e/iddoeqboy9ohhfined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%2pr k9fhk mz.-u7p*.n g6i fro, the heat sink mustrr . h.p i9n*gk 6ok2u7fmfp-z be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consi; wt)2hbt 9jcasts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamic3k-v auz(;0nu+ vea.b g 5adrws.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a re387dfr/ hibv4rbs*k4:yh(c avo u6 x ffrigerator is defined as the ratio of 3hrr4fa: s bk 8u*yx6hi4dfbvoc( /v7

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of pltk03j64 l yhkerformance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the ,e1ym,g5esxay dq8m 3water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodymb , uq8zpknu1gt+hvr3 w,.z+ namics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one o gb.mp8hrq,+v, ztznu+w 1ku 3f the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statemer./0j nw)d g 9n78dxz(fh riuunt of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us y*ef*tpluyfoig; n*l.5ul5 )to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removelq xlqz9-48pka ac6:d xz+ol0d from an ideal gas. What is the change in internal energyqzxald0-a qp4+9x :okzl8 6cl ?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What 9wrp* stfq 7hdy, ..waisqy hf,r.aptsdw9 7 w*. the work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -40)w9 9 bycze4f4 t*nidue-h-jr 0 J. What is the change inf -rwy-j9di)*4z4t9bee ucnh internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabaticalzecv.14t3: 8lw -ihqy/vy ral ly. What is the change in intlz1yvrca/.w qh4y3i: vet-8l ernal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J ofe / i5h4eny(vz ee7ch- work. What is the change in in- ei4ene5cy /h 7eh(zvternal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 gvy dfb6 s7y;kd0a9.*ceil : zJ. What is thy:ilsd 9e; cdf k*gy.7vb6a0ze work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energym. hrvr2p/(wvckw +a( of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the he rc.mrvkw2v /a(w(hp +at exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is jmi .to-iifp7 k55ux+ cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by reu m+. f-5iiio 5tp7jxkmoving 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when+f9o -i4yngj f 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the ngi y fj9f4+o-sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of pq l/ hja4.ks8enl-6u water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in eaq)c*y( gjpd x3ch cycle. What is the efficienc)x 3c(y jqdg*py?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an ea ydx/vx b404ufficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perfoa04/ uvxy xb4drm in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% aqw05r4 0hi yxge6sl stzd0fb k 9.9rr8nd receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cyg0rsx 9 h86yqflk0e9. w0izs 45dbrrtcle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cyclq7x1c e2hh/m re and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficien rqcx/712hhm ecy of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 ;n7ok 8x*+z pkke w-cgkcal. Calculate the work done ekkw*;7ek8x znp-+cgo ach cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following cha2v/t 08lmwx*ns is2r lracteristics: combustion chamber tem82 n0siwlr* s2/vx ltmperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built xdbb65,e bqk8 so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamq bk,e6bb 5dx8ber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has tld 0qq ;uityhbiikn1 : c*o0(9he following characteristics: combusqiul 901yoqibh n0*k;c d(i:ttion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric pulr9c+el3 fg j4j d//nower. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant ge7fjuj8y gydiphm .4, *nerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Th.m+bfueka .u;+pjgjzx0) ly0e plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of41j/qsy 7u ig7s ixa;z an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible cv3k d+37va;w;a xnrb0vs lp;for an engine operating between kx;prl 3sn aw vdav03vb+;c; 7$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%.y;8 9)v* 4v(md +k/eh v idgreprzwq8t What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reswz v *p8kmg48d+et)/iyr q ;d rvvh(e9ervoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatinwx2qlu.0t*vf g between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heafc bou* 3;us,osl ;pn,t from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ i;,c *l3sfpuu,bo ;ons nto a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rajye y:1r6. btcw .e4m5eo ous,te of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coeffi5 w1 m.o b: oy4re,yesc6je.tucient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from wpjr +9z;tqi( u5v6z ithe freezer and expels 356 J of heat toz+t5pz6j r9wui(;q vi the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy wheg0) p cgt/+ib9vd t3m:of2j ly5 4pkden 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice f1;h4b,vz tt vr ir+:rua( xxa:reezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP u ,* sri,u0sc9f.aaxzpo 6en a9ndergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes be,. c6u*anax s9f9,0pzoaisry
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at tss h ux:)5un0$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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