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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V aff8iab si.i ;- l.j(zmc +u6;l1dfjhgraph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change -)h 7z,zcul(+m cwr2pefsnc - in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of th usurrhxqt4 1 no8,:7qermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume m.i3mvtr *z:r with no change in its temperature. This proces3r:mmzr.i* tvs is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this processb8ietqye f 88( e-pi4l, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy f8e8lf y8qb(p e4-iit eor this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half is uvq8h0 hr+ul )c,q7g--yv yuts original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure svulv-,u0uh)gqr 8q+y-h 7 cy of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L or3de,p747fvt9 qde n to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements ir td4qv3 no 7efp,de97s correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressd v/mtp tbv/10ed in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat wi1 t0mv/p/dvbt th its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therf k* a/pv8:uokmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its o 98j-ncb rnm /go1u2ksriginal volume during an adiabatic process. The f82bnj ong /r9mcuk1s -inal pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects exceptiqlbvs /-5 v*t that one contains * vvbtq/- s5li$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identicalj h)y:h0gd,+ic)nw fmv) g :ty in all respects except that one contains dmv hyc)ghj) :fn+yi 0gw)t:, $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagrai4 xr)n3.jshs m is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chv)6jty1t p;*f (b nu:o hyn4enange in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of j14+ty nvb8j ythermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at con+.asub kt- f4yl m-/djstant pressure as heat is added to it. This procufdbkt-s+4-j./y al m ess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal ge+ 9qkkye11)aaq)qca as at constant pressure. As e ack+ qq )a)9ae1yk1qa result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagramo8;b /eitel8h is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric processx.zt z1likk:4yi,pgf )l,ej) , there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therm*jysff t.c. i,odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energyau7(hr m5* ; o-kkemsh is added to m(hu sk;r* -5oke ah7mit. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of idxa8pxvc7u )-nu nc/l; eal gas at constant volume. As a result, the ca87 upxlvux/ n;)-cninternal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermoda7xx 0+d9k kpkynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reszepwtez u m:v9z(qpp/o 0n;2*ervoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoido78+fprjx 3k3;l am*m v3h 2or)gmjpr?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodwg/xs : b2k7q.t*qe ucynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through thel2uij:3 z3wk p cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on thil:iu k32 z3pwjs cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine-* db0 g;v6*bnwguwkd is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of m;2xr9tcah+k a 2(y2si 7crgta Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink mustaci 2mg2tk +7( x2trya9 ;hcsr be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consiq4elmlxp;m b h0) cfa+tt)i);sts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement ofn 6rb1z, c7aj00w0po fbb vve5x iv3;z the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refriwtl0 pxz3rse+ t76 u+kw7voz66jon8s gerator is defined as the ratio ofj 6vwlpnzweo6o7t0xr7+k z stu+s836

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a . ofe1tbmd:k)xag-2 5n s img+heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropyc/0sl 1yan 4eh of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, fow,6n:jn* ) we3i kpgzur any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices j)n pkz3, ignw6e:*uwapplies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement o 1euwhonpjz +e:f7 8j:f the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude thaty9 07jv0pevd em:ewo1

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an p9nuok ;,bf jw)f1n u7ideal gas. What is the changb k91 )of,ufpw jn;un7e in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 Jwryb*v u82(si of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in (2yb * 8sirwvuthe process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What .sojs7q+kd, de bf )yrk6cb f.x-4me 7is the change in internal energy?j )bef bsk6s.x4ef+k yd,m7odqr 7-c.

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing (m,sb/3-v 5 aea+lycwal e9hba gas adiabatically. What is the change ins3/we-e+l h b ca,aa9byv(5m l internal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adje,dud/zzeelq:.gqh60/tnnfl -h 0 + iabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the cel-/eq jfl q/h+dd0z6ng.0tnh: zu e,hange in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the 6d7) kknye ;isinternal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the worsn ;7d)ikyk6ek done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases bfv c):k.o 3dhyy 50 J. What is the heat exchangeyf kov.d c):h3?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at cons j;pe7p lqcwvyi t-+-3snxh,3hfyx051vw4 gdtant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by rqww0y-xcv ,jv; ph-pyn1dxl5fg7sht43 3+ eiemoving 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is coolz efk z-l:o)0uuq7wa5ed by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the samp5l)-ofqz:e7z0u wu a kle?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of :wx az.r0jgyvw ny 24.cv,go5 3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. i5- ur 3x3gpulu(7qs-laea8 a What is the p xag3q5 (7uslriluaaeu-3- 8 efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an effr*s1 fflh2( +gtq dh9miciency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cyclsm1 +hh9 tg2(ff* qrdle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and rec ssb99*i7hacjeives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cyc bac 9hss9j7*ile?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle ande7(z3 *lrqpo6rl2(s nnqw4fz exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of eachsp742 z(f6qroe(3w nl nlzrq* cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat eachnk4p1*nsg *l g cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate n 4kg*nplsg *1the work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the follo:2fspsk zi/j v-yoz2 4wing characteristics: combustion chamber temperature kiszjp 2:so/ yzf2v-4 = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines buircv yy tp,x469;x l)oklt so far has the following characteristics: combustion chpl )x49o vtrkyy;x6c ,amber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines buc)mk2r;vo0,qyk56*)fw l6b ea m yo quilt so far has the following characteristics: combustion chambeuqy, m6)65v2rm c laok0eob;*) fyq wkr temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates qn,wcyj9 6nd797g-ypmv wcz 9600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plaxb4(z mpd dw8.x2y+or nt uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of-i1jrpzf; f6 5op h9kc electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency jshsxy3;cu. lybd.; +9h:hjnof an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating be9x8nrrxyjkt*j :h/ pc90xt2 ttweeh/ :jtr 829crx j0tknxx *t9ypn $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot eng 3q zj, 5sdwxwgkgj.48ine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reser3 k,.j5qgd84gw xsjwzvoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating beoa5 8mlrni+t52 u.z hotween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freek 77edxqudv 6,zing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects e 7vqx7dk6u ,d24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at ths er,ic 78f w7f:csl+ue rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of l7 ecu,8w7sr f sc+i:fperformance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigeratlgof .s ms2gp23 vw8ivu59e 4for absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required f8li mgvo52w23fu4 .gs ps ve9in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 5lv)w(dzr xm-xz61j 5z0 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change 349eb * ypbgg5 8ny4.:lc xp;gasvjqhin entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP unm4lukq z 3 .2n+un)r+u+ bkywjdergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy change4)2+rkuwqn yun3 z.km+l+b jus by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at os ki1:(b9uecvlyo x/bk .d040xq0xf/w: omx$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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