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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph f cye 0t381i*b)tw coais an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no cdhp)/ndeu., scl ;sx+ hange in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of the sk5ob65*vl0o dew ;cnrmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its a :1fxr(t-bpnn uy z-n(7v;gxoriginal volume with no change in its temperature. Thx1;z(p unfxt ng( -:7n-arbvyis process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this 8rkg;u /sd/ni 84 lniu3q(b neprocess, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for thi ;u8uq(3 inken d8g/l4ins /rbs gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one(mwf.eh.xtzf vb. :2q-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of the g bxw:.zme.ff 2v.qth(as

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6nl o 5.h*gu)ln.hvf1bjlm** l J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expannlhlj15h ll v.n m*.ouf)g **bded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed +d-4+ac-qyj j7( swouod7:cw+mn edc in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This jw-cu+ jc d qsw-d 7eac7n+:y4od( o+mprocess is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamnc hspb7ff( a:gkj8a,v )1;bdics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is comprk we4isua546 cilip1og* 9x(r essed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure o g(4ciu9o5r4 saw ip6xile*1kf the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identiulh (+ayn -bd*0r uzi6hxau xmb ;31e3cal in all respects except that one contains*yhh+alea b6 x3 iu(m;u-0nz r1 3udbx $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except 7/oo63 a,fff, zhd omkthat one contains dkzh,af73 f6o,oo f /m$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV d;jl -b/h)lim ziagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no changez :k0t0a xpdka(nm5 uijvj489 in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermkjyhg8k3 ts62dg0wj d is :;5qodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand oi,)x,c o1 eid-1fbur* y:ckcy7 4 owiai k/l*at constant pressure as heat is added to it. This procy) iri ia*f clbc:*-x1,41k eoyi/7okcuwdo,ess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy arq5xjh*3qfdh+/ phd0 o e transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the inter05p/hd o*jqx3+hq dfhnal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV di;77tq.q/ 9hzcihgetins w., iagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process,eiiha)cx;( nxe9ura13w3o3fkkp c9 . there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynav g w-1ctqdl 75x8ult*mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid contairnj80f. ba 6kjner that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This procjb8fanrk0.j6 ess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat en/+*-z vx o ot7kv,w7x3 jbxjdwergy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a vwj j/ 7wobxk,*7d3txv-x o+z result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodyna a2 eo zbwy3l)-ap,s0 za+rqe90hm mt/mics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to tr/qa+ h( l.fin( gzf+chy0fa 1jansfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat fm-lpvuw,ki 6 /plp9a5rom a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accta o8(cy(*5 *jidozyu ording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how mucha z2cgwj*f mql;1ew14 work is done by*wj lme 4qw11za ;cfg2 an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined a0lf -/p iekb l/qut64ps the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical effiy/ja;8 t3 cfgkiccff2b6hg-e.b,2gcc hbb **ciency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink muecbjkbgb,hh2c.fc-; ff3g6a2 ycc /b t**8gist be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ofj.2x/c hw1v km u3+csu

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamicsli/ )j ;ays7aqj x5-/ykekp 6q.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigeram8bo 5)pufp. ator is defined as the ratio oa fpmu8b5p.)of

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pui vx3l-wum:k.op g83z le4dk+mp is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the waw1dwn7u0x hx 7b9t -p n7sqz8ltg(;qfter

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of ther: /9c4 l2xe;zvmquelv+a: qtne.e3qgmodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the cq eqv2 az9u glece;m+qvlnt:.x34 /e:hoices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thesd+vye 4gvf- 1rmodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics le*hm( x4 h 2dn6pi1dnrax2-k ceads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. q tjje;evwk7,e2iew r 6mu;(4What is the change in internal e2ejiwte4e;rmwq j k6,7; (uvenergy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas.n8a+s r),n wyn What is the work dos nn 8arynw),+ne in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in a /pse;(6*dhr7xt giyi n isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in inty*dr7 6tg eisxih(p;/ ernal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabat0xy1 rz i*y )i74ylkxaically. What is the change in internal energy of they1ly0xr4ai7)ziy *xk gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adic2w c 0hp:n q+-tausm;abatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal energyhc 20- +uw;tcpanq:ms?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energhj oltl64(k.my of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the wmtoj (.h4k6 llork done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. W a.6mwf6kqqnri*)l ;u3-k8g w5 l nm: 3wfextnhat is the heat exchw xqu5 i3nmwr n-tk flqmg36*k.8w )anfel;6:ange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant -zq+7k2v0kbr6p tnc0 q g yne-volume as it is cooled by 50 K.ev6ckq0- r2n+ q0kt-7gnz pby This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volumebwb ub3 t82yu9 when 831 J of energy is removed from it. Hobw28t39 u ybubw many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists ofct3 :bmk+cyp- 3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and lose(j u9pgohbk . 7zda/.js 3000 J in each cycle. What is the effj.a/o7 jk(dh.b9 gupziciency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle.hr ,ozwo.- s/e How much work does it perform in each c/hs eoo .z,r-wycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% j81wlw .kquv( and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in e8l(q1uj.vk w wach cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcalnmhvq5o0u ns 3(.bj+r of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency0+. jvum qb nhosrn53( of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbtostet,8;( , ku-q6 japgou+os 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each egu u+tat(o6 -,jo8,;pkqtoscycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following c1cpy02- zd hihharacteristics: combustiop0hz1 -i2yhcdn chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so bk6zhwtj/3te5 y 5ik( far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature =k/z5wj k5 et6hb(3yti $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has b*:kk 50q*0vi e3rwcensdp +pthe following characteristics: combustion chamber temperaturspqd:w 0cv 3+*rpkk*nb0i 5eee = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of el(tmc v *(0e)8pdnb6hd s2k2mpjpgy*wectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant geni wpl,q ujl;v lp3dlb-8 pv9*ucf/6u xx3+t7oerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric pohp( s5szse5,+oe*gx iwer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efie9;aw5;qj3geh(ncd i-*u hnficiency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretic):.ui.h,jmmd sz0l x ual efficiency possible for an engine operating betwlzux)m:.i d0sj ,um .heen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Ca abgie3oj9 o3+ urdi5;bed* u7rnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the teb9i3ri oau7j +eud*b 5de3 go;mperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betweeimd)9 h:t orn*vwv *3 6g1 z xfn;rtoe54igyz,n $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at thm 7eiad6 w6gm6 wwn awz4.t-w0e rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. 4nw tzmd6awieg- mw.w60a7w6 How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJqp i ;wee4wuajl1s0+: and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of0w s1iwaqje+4 p;el:u performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heatkx,8wd n4iphj ,7; hky from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the roo,;h4 ip,dh n7wxjk8kym. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in +bp arrvl1;e. 6:sp fhentropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the c r8q+5im2 eo 8ysr;wlds/apj 0hange in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entr0*rm p1chi2 jdopy chan1i pdm*2h0 rcjges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at r5 /gni qh t/dl-;ns4u$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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