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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph isa5i9v7ia *-b1ac2zz zvi,l lwza 0hp( an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there ikgal: o ox 8,1uyalm03s no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of te.kp,rsi- (wzgw3x9 j3ql 7vihermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in itbop;w *tgpxvb*. k i42fs.+oes temperature. This p;o i +p*w x.bvskfpeg*ot4b.2 rocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this processt +,r7gi)evqai vr6/a , 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy fortve6ga7i ) r, vai/+rq this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its omi ; c38 -z33(mlx ci5qa(vy0lmbe lgwriginal volume during an isothermal process. The fi x5v(izw3cm;cq lygl em -a3l(038mbinal pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. l )q:gg2gizx inrptwz1;86:o During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded theqwzgitr1l;o6:)i gn :xgzp 8 2 gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the event, the gaj* tb3jhw o+3ao3 jba*t+3h jws exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermod++jhss. zduia4+ tr 7t7bobz6ynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its origin i/bi bime wuu )jqh31bmi+)19al volume during an adiabatic process1hwbqi) ub/iium9+j1mib e3 ). The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects exc *-4-kf3a ysi*kmyagmept that one contains yms3fkg*4-y m -ik*aa$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in allu9.t7((ibk zbvj : iiv respects except that one contains kbtv(9:ivii (z. bu j7$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on t v, bvs: h6oq5f*hmuy*l 1k(vphe PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is ny)k:5(bc ml 0fd4 mumwuwr9w8o change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, ;ivt;a2 3bsvu8 kk6 ey$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to rk:hz;;f0k3 ffwrv; :jalag /it. This process z a;3l rf whvfr:;a:j;f /0gkkis

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat enx5z6 ou jjm17-yvbc6bergy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result,-zb5cj 7jo v 66um1byx the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the P d a:6dhc49g/o7w4g lcn zc2vtV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no chad tu+r)u b1*+tdyb2c*yfdx6j nge in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynau4qc.tt 0k jpnf8+-cq mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to 9 sk: ezkv/.iva rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is addes:ezv9v/k. i kd to it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energyy(nw/e8bbqfdjrm 4 );bkh0zq- cxp+ ; are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energyk/c-(;n04fh qrqm p;bbezbx d)j+w8y of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodyn2 ful, ky8* tm+bmb-gp+ fsvd/amics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold (/jbb tc4pq r1bc ,xe9reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a x*68q(pa ftx7ih j7 pp7ybis .hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodms65di7jbx d- ynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how mum4j3 k+3kv c.a m4tezuch work ku3z m44a e3m.+tvcjk is done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the 1tyja6)l-clpo jtxny 1kmz3z *-rf . ; me.xs+ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to b 301wflmtka +ce 100%, the heat sink muc tlwm+fka 031st be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consinh b32eam+1t xsts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Plancpl2d1,k 6urd wq6w bk7k statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator 0/ 3)uvqnsvcbe3 cy)tis defined as the ratio ofyqv /tvb)n3ue 3cc)s0

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined l oa5r h 84iztv4.pxd9as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy o5)viol)wmsr4o-jdz.- k 4ap u f the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that m5e6q1t*y)pyrsxh7w ghd. 7 ymay occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices applm5gy) 67hyy1trqs.w7pehxd*ies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the srsq-)vi/ 5s sudwl6 1vecond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to con wcit3/.vh ,lbclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removeqzh +uf8k.iu* e v7njg ;w9n/od from an ideal gas. What is the change in internal zq.njn ;/f e 8gu9+ ikvh*w7ouenergy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removei5 qrv-xiyee0 ; +e9ucd from an ideal gas. What is the work donqivu5x0 rc 9i+ee-y; ee in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an idm arjrupwi (g 8w)k/06eal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in intern 6m(gw/pj r0iarkw8)u al energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in0c; mn63ek;* roueeau internal energy om*aun30u eer;o6ek ; cf the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doi b ..9 *scmmc1lzv8kjung 25 J of work. What is the change inz m.1.j *lubvcs9mkc 8 internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 Jv 6)lxmgbj1 u6qert+ 71s.v vb. What is the work d +)vr jxu1l6 bevv76 q.sgmbt1one?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50kn7a 7j3+py,px jtv; s J. Whatpns,xpv 7ka 3 +;tjyj7 is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monat1wdem35vf) 38 havhs qomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This835w3 vh1qsmdv) ahfe feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant vw ge)n*0ycn6- ko gyt+olume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas arecn0 ge*)yko- +gywtn 6 in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists ofzvq+s 035idjn 3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. Whauz47pi , )oqmyt is the efficiencyz4u poymi,)7q ?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per 0nqmme8/4tb znb7 ;db,cqug 5cycle. How much worc d58n g7nq4;m/t qbb,ezmb0uk does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0jz 3cch0-/v6dz7b. zx tnx ej4f84lcj % and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much hezzn- c 4x. z3x8jj4c/hv ed607lj tcbfat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhaustxb8 )hq 8kszi:s 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency oiz8qshx :8k )bf each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. /fep8.v,hnuu0z acl/ Calculate the work done ea /lauucvp /he. 8,fnz0ch cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines builu k5qsbjymf ..mm)6z .t so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatu5sy m.)jmqzm.. f 6kbure = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterissomlm)e 8a6wmt g3 w* 7-:wbsetics: combustion chambm7g3w)mbs8a mewl6 :w-t eso*er temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following a up 8f.iwr23l0pp0xgn6m +xqcharacteristics: comp6ix+f2pnl3mg0w ua r. q 0px8bustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates dc6b8-qr:fzy600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant u40sqrg8 +ecbises $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powe9cg.z 1v:+toleh e (xyr. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an enapn v;n+;gef m4 5fdu3gine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical effick cc k5 uy./5 b+dwwn(:krwn0diency possible for an engine operating betwew5n.b k5k 0d (wd/cnrykwu :+cen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What isggg*gq) z77v m the temperature of the cold res7zggqm )g g*v7ervoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating beta (;mb7f;l azis,hms0ween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of c6b2b7mhqq e;: k igc:g7e en+20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ qqe6b+7 gbkh:m cc:e72ein ;ginto a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezf)u,oqy mw3ix :ki 0l,ing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kixkmoy : fui3,wlq),0J into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the q.(q 9plpz*p fr(dkpgfv1 61ioi c0;ifreezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How mu9pvirg fq(c0ikd61i(oppp l*z q1;. fch work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of f 8glvn,5 ,s*gccg8kt ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the chakrj li.+sbr 4,nge in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP lp l apiisy s5n9; ;.a5z+sg3eundergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changgz; nyp.3l5ai 5 lsis 9psa+e;es by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 8d6 mvgn9prgz((1 mpd$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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