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习题练习:The Wave Nature of Light



 作者: 王信东Wood发布日期: 2025-04-16 19:37   总分: 120分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 04月16日 19:35  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Does Huygens’ principle apply to sound waves? To water waves0kyx ov9ihkjptr)e 08 g8mug f5y1f/ 6? Explain.
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2#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
What is the evidence that lightr jdd6 e/x0ay;k ys.q6 is energy?
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3#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Why is light sometimes describej; 7 :z,ywikezd as rays and sometimes as waves?
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4#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
We can hear sounds around corners, but we cannot see aro/8rumlyv:(g4 zq -o5 n l2johmund corners; yet both soundq ou4(gmlv/:h25jl yo n mr8z- and light are waves. Explain the difference.
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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
If Young’s double-slit experiment were submerged in ux a,- 5:ctoxpwater, how would the fringe patc : t5xxoua-,ptern be changed?
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Monochromatic red light is incident on a-o8;*e .vffa cmlpy0 alfi f70;bpum7 double slit, and the interference pattern is viewed on a screen some distance away. Explain how the fringe pattern would change if the red light source is replaced by a blue light soure0 -ml0;fyf7.;8 flu pcvao* p fa7ibmce.
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7#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Two rays of light from the same socx0fy,7;;j z+luuc lburce destructively interfere if their path lengths differ b0ub+l jcyl,;; cu x7fzy how much?
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8#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Why was the observation of the double-slit interference pattern more convincing wq54b28c49 0u5q svkh gkvbbd* kbrr )evidence for the wave theory of light ) rrq4*bvk sbb q52ub4d8k g khvcw590than the observation of diffraction?
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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Compare a double-slit expery68n ms(wgwc o k;) agl.dpd/1iment for sound waves to that for light waves. Discuss the similarities and a8mos6wd kn1(pgd/w .;gcl y)differences.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Why doesn’t the light from the tw hazdg)* u5;fno headlights of a distant car produce an interference p)z;5dgaun* hf attern?
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11#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Suppose white light falls on the two slitqng mzz 5jw;23s of Fig. 24–7, but one slit is covered by a red filtez; jzg3 2nmwq5r (700 nm) and the other by a blue filter (450 nm). Describe the pattern on the screen.
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12#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
When white light passes through a flat piece of wind g twg92r+0 i(lrwri4pow glass, it is not broken down into colors as it is bypg2+i4rr0 wwrt9i g(l a prism. Explain.
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13#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
For both converging and diverging lenses, discuss gtr3 o 2+z1 z/c*1fdou(v;jzcol8 gnl how the focal length for red light differs from that for violet ligho(;cc2t 3l/z+*dof vn1uz8zlr1 jog gt.
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14#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
A ray of light is refracted through three different materials (Fig. 24–55). Rank8gp k84 h(jvnr the materials according to their inde 8jr(h4nkp 8vgx of refraction, least to greatest.
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15#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Hold one hand close to your eye and focus on a distant light sourc3pz6;(gl xizse through a narrow slit between two fingers. (Adjust your fingers to obtain the best pattern.) Describe the 6(lzxs i;p3gzpattern that you see.
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16#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
What happens to the diffraction pattern of a single slit if the q0l+msgo8h ,p)b ixt4 m-z7 xswhole apparatus is itx, )s4-7zbmi0 +smhl pog8qxmmersed in (a) water, (b) a vacuum, instead of in air.
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17#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
For diffraction by a single slit, w8bu+/vxw91 b4u/+ iw eaxr jxhhat is the effect of increasing (a) the slit width, and (b)bixx4+hrubv1 89//ewwx ja +u the wavelength?
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18#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
What is the difference iuw0cv-);s39 ijrdpw 7 etbfm)n the interference patterns formed (a) by two slits $^{-4}\;cm^2$ apart, (b) by a diffraction grating containing $10^4lines/cm$?
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19#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
For a diffraction grating, what is the advantage of (a) many slitsf l,)l5h ng.4o*rlpj l, (b) closely spaced slithol5 ,jllf )*gn4. rlps?
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20#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
White light strikes (a) a diffraction grating, and (b) a prisvnkizk6fy(y86g o48pgm p 9bt4ga3.g m. A rainbow appears on a wall just below the direction of the horizontal incident beam in each case. What is the color of the top of 8gbo6z4 gm9g.napfp3tkky46( y 8 v githe rainbow in each case? Explain.
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21#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
For light consisting oq n l;;ul)/ ;myokv)kek;h2ozf wavelengths between 400 nm and 700 nm, incident normally on a diffraction grating, for what orders (if any) would there be overlap in the obseme;2lkh )ov)qznuo k;ky/;; lrved spectrum? Does your answer depend on the slit spacing?
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22#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Why are interference fringes notic abh+90e t2pswr8dtrlhw6/ x3eable only for a thin film like a soap bubble an8xdrahl tp69h0t+w w/e3sr b2d not for a thick piece of glass, say?
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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
When a compact disk (CD) is held at an ang; xace5 ,d85genb occi;;u; mile in white light, the reflected light is a full spectrum (Fig. 24–56). Explain. What would you expect to see if monochromatic light was used?c;oa 5c eium;ceb;nxd i, ;g58
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24#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Why are Newton’s rings (Fig. 24–31) closer together farther from thes ef gg1cjcqex;))-wv02x7 a eh44 cke center?

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25#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Some coated lenses appear greenish yellow when lxmo o0 dkig*ec4)7 + l/obb4qseen by reflected light. What wavelengths do you suppose the coating is designed to tdo0boocl/m+)4*kel x 47 gb qiransmit completely?
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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
A drop of oil on a pond appeavaj; e 0c9jg olf (sxx20;jyj/rs bright at its edges, where its thickness is much less than the wavelengths of visible light. What can you say abou;v2egxa(l yjjoj; 09sfcx j/0t the index of refraction of the oil?
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27#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
What does polarization tell us about the nature oc -6nyod,o-g o/okt *vf light?
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28#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Explain the advantage of polarized sunglasses +ch+svzblsg1u )6gjvsjjb :0 /n p35zover normal tinted sunglasses.
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29#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
How can you tell if a pair of sunglasses is pr 6xc/n:mbp/b olarizing or not?
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30#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Two polarized sheets rom0gynp0z2 a-asufm;fcj6d + : +5 w;oqzb7fxv tated at an angle of 90$^{\circ}\,$ with respect to each other will not let any light through. Three polarized sheets, each rotated at an angle of 45$^{\circ}\,$ with respect to each other, will let some light through. What will happen to unpolarized light if you align four polarized sheets, each rotated at an angle of 30$^{\circ}\,$ with respect to the one in front of it?
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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
What would be the color of the sky if the Earth had no atmosph j--jrrp(c /hhere?
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32#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
If the Earth’s atmosphere were n vodx-*u+s-my 2 (++q(fx9cxso i lqh50 times denser than it is, would sunlight still be white, or would itdhx-+l n2ov-so *9uqxmx(sf + (ci+q y be some other color?
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33#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Monochromatic light falling a;qudhp2/mh9to r:8:n3pk dw 1l,mc xon two slits 0.016 mm apart produces the fifth-order fri,ml28:xph:dkrhm nu;3 datowq/1 p9cnge at an 8.8$^{\circ}\,$ angle. What is the wavelength of the light used?    $ \times10^{-7 }\;m$

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34#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The third-order fringe of 610)hlx dzgv ;jxidy z814-wd(z4 nm light is observed at an angle of 18$^{\circ}\,$ when the light falls on two narrow slits. How far apart are the slits?    $\mu m$

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35#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Monochromatic light falls on two very narrow slits 0.048 mm apart. Successive fr cixkxavl/2 l4gv5(j1inges on a screen 5.00 m away are 6.5 cm apart av 5/lxv4g21(lj kxcinear the center of the pattern. Determine the wavelength and frequency of the light.
$\lambda\;=\;$    $m$
$f$ =    Hz

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36#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A parallel beam of light from a He-Ne laser, with a wav+vl 2i7pjs(h-pppiw- f.h :*i g,wdrlelength 656 nm, falls on two very narrow slits 0.060 mm apart. How far apart are the fringes in the center of the pattern on a screen 3.6 m aw gp 7( ihjspw2,:lphl .-v *rwfp-di+iay?    cm

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37#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Light of wavelength 680 nm falls on two sl 7njwso;;x. 1v.fw2y/m/kljaeq )ts rits and produces an interference pattern in which the fourth-order fringe is 38 mm from the central fringe on a screen 2.0 1 ;/)moqvw.sy/l; jsek ant72rxfw. jm away. What is the separation of the two slits?    mm

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38#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If 720-nm and 660-nm light passes through two slits 0.58 mm apart,k:;u0jou nct 8 how far apart are the second-order fringes for these two wavelengths on t ou0k: u;ncj8a screen 1.0 m away?    mm

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39#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a double-slit experiment, mrckg:gtd e:od2y/ :yp )i3tn+t6qq;it is found that blue light of wavelength 460 nm gives a second-order maximum at a certain location on the screen. What wavelength of visible light would havyn qet3:;d:c +2 ttomgyk):q6d/ip rge a minimum at the same location?    nm

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40#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Water waves having parallel crests 2.5 cm apart pass tfg(exwjte k:ai(x 4 e2r9 8q5chrough two openings 5.0 cm apart in a board. At a point 2.0 m beyond the board, at trx29kixe f:c8 awj5 eeq(g(4what angle relative to the “straight-through” direction would there be little or no wave action?
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41#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Suppose a thin piece sj+d x r)wm24zof glass is placed in front of the lower slit in Fig. 24–7 so that the two waves enter the slxj +)d 4zmwr2sits 180$^{\circ}\,$ out of phase (Fig. 24–57). Describe in detail the interference pattern on the screen.
24-7
24-57
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42#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a double-slit experiment, the third-order 874r :diib u zgttnvpp*o.n93 maximum for light of wavelength 500 nm is located 12 mm from the central bright spot on a screen 1.6 m from the slits. Light of wavele73p4nd.bzr*ui9tvtn: p ogi8ngth 650 nm is then projected through the same slits. How far from the central bright spot will the second-order maximum of this light be located?    mm

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43#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two narrow slits separated by 1.0 mm are illuminated by 544 nm light. Find th oioly 5pe (;,z)g:xzd: nzjqlqc,*x7e distance ;qdxoxn,oizq7g jey( )*lz:c,: lpz 5 between adjacent bright fringes on a screen 5.0 m from the slits.    mm

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44#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Light of wavelength 480 nm in air falls /p . 2rdqgfw-slje, r;on two slits $6.00 \times10^{-2 }\;mm$ apart. The slits are immersed in water, as is a viewing screen 40.0 cm away. How far apart are the fringes on the screen?    mm

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45#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A very thin sheet of plastic (n=1.60) covers one slit of a doublewcskdy8)l* ; b-slit apparatus illuminated by 640-nm light. The center point on y)*;sld k8b cwthe screen, instead of being a maximum, is dark. What is the (minimum) thickness of the plastic?    nm

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46#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  By what percent, approximately, does the spee4o yb9b mneyv. q6+-qld of red light (700 nm) exceed that o v. 4e+ omlyb9bqqn6-yf violet light (400 nm) in silicate flint glass? (See Fig. 24–14.)    %


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47#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A light beam strikes a piece of glass at a 60.fw( -cd p3l9u /(fafrc00$^{\circ}\,$ incident angle. The beam contains two wavelengths, 450.0 nm and 700.0 nm, for which the index of refraction of the glass is 1.4820 and 1.4742, respectively. What is the angle between the two refracted beams?    $^{\circ}\,$

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48#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A parallel beam of light containinghq:h 64*vlkt0 eo sx2 bxbxi*uynwqd.f;s7(* two wavelengths, $\lambda_1\;=\;450\;nm$ and $\lambda_2\;=\;650\;nm$, enters the silicate flint glass of an equilateral prism as shown in Fig. 24–58. At what angle does each beam leave the prism (give angle with normal to the face)?
$\theta_{d1}$    $^{\circ}\,$ from the normal
$\theta_{d2}$    $^{\circ}\,$ from the normal



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49#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If 580-nm light falls on a slit 0.0440 mm wide, what is the full angular wi5j3rk ewu. m3(u b7lfkdth of the central di7kmfl(eub w k3u. 3rj5ffraction peak?    $^{\circ}\,$

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50#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Monochromatic light falls on a slit thz(8kh 7 ffvtq8tcex) /at is $ 2.60\times10^{ -3}\;mm$ wide. If the angle between the first dark fringes on either side of the central maximum is 35.0$^{\circ}\,$ (dark fringe to dark fringe), what is the wavelength of the light used?    nm

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51#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Light of wavelength 520 nm falls ont(m 3w/hzw3x t a slit that is $ 3.20\times10^{ -3}\;mm$ wide. Estimate how far the first brightish diffraction fringe is from the strong central maximum if the screen is 10.0 m away.    m

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52#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A single slit 1.0 mm wide is illuavj;)s)v.nr eak2c9i minated by 450-nm light. What is the width of the central maximum (in cm) in the diffraction pattern on a screen 5.0))saca 9r ike;j.2nvv m away?    cm

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53#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Monochromatic light rw.g15(xaok.fm-4 irh uv8 k gof wavelength 653 nm falls on a slit. If the angle between the k5g(mhwi1xfrgu-8rkv o.. a4 first bright fringes on either side of the central maximum is 32$^{\circ}\,$, estimate the slit width.    $\mu m$

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54#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How wide is the central diffraction peau;w8tjiy nl0v/myy6 ; k on a screen 2.30 m behind a 0.0348-mm-wide sli/j80yyli;ym6v w;t n ut illuminated by 589-nm light?    cm

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55#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When blue light of wavelength 440ynw( uxri3 5d3 nm falls on a single slit, the first dark bands on eith3 35dxrinwuy(er side of center are separated by 55.0$^{\circ}\,$. Determine the width of the slit.    $ \times10^{-7 }\;m$

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56#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When violet light of wavelength 415 nm falls on a single slit, it cre+m9 i amzk55ivates a central diffraction peak that is 9.20 cm wide on a screen that is 2.55 m away. How wide is the slit?m zi+k5ia 5v9m    mm

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57#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If a slit diffracts 650-nm :nmy)knb uu) bl:6tj9 light so that the diffraction maximum is 4.0 cm wide on a screen 1.50 m away, what will be the width of bjm9blnt6) u: :k )yunthe diffraction maximum for light of wavelength 420 nm?    cm

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58#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
For a given wavelengn;oyd1pn5sj)4b*+b j j5 erqhth $\lambda$, what is the maximum slit width for which there will be no diffraction minima?
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59#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what angle will 560-nm light produce a second-order maximum;n-6icekq b j, when falling on a grating whose slits are bqe j,in;ck6 -$1.45 \times10^{-3 }\;cm$ apart?    $^{\circ}\,$

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60#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A $3500-line/cm$ grating produces a third-order fringe at a 28.0$^{\circ}\,$ angle. What wavelength of light is being used?    nm

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61#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many lines per centimeter does a grating have if the third-order occurs at 7 2cz6up.ez*;ke qb5p**bo1s ajwt ji an 18*5b 67azuij o*s epk q.b* jcw2t1pez;.0$^{\circ}\,$ angle for 630-nm light?    $ \times10^{3 }\,lines/cm$

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62#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A grating has $8300\;lines/cm$. How many complete spectral orders can be seen (400 nm to 700 nm) when it is illuminated by white light?   

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63#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The first-order line of 589-nm light fall:(rylyvygdkw, tt/) 5 ing on a diffraction grating is observed at(5d) vyyr:/lyw tt,gk a 15.5$^{\circ}\,$ angle. How far apart are the slits?    $\mu m$
At what angle will the third order be observed?

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64#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A diffraction grating has ds a95chy yt(. k;loe:$ 6.0\times10^{ 5}\;lines/m$. Find the angular spread in the second-order spectrum between red light of wavelength $ 7.0\times10^{-7 }\;m$ and blue light of wavelength $ 4.5\times10^{-7 }\;m$.    $^{\circ}\,$

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65#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Light falling normally onc.lepvhx 1p7c*9t li+ a $9700-line/cm$ grating is revealed to contain three lines in the first-order spectrum at angles of 31.2$^{\circ}\,$, 36.4$^{\circ}\,$, and 47.5$^{\circ}\,$. What wavelengths are these?
$\lambda_{31.2}$    nm
$\lambda_{36.4}$    nm
$\lambda_{47.5}$    nm

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66#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the highest spectral order that can be seen if a grating wity:f .x elbnii*;bq2rzl 0+, qqh 6000 lines perxbeq; qyilzl fbq,.2: 0*in+ r cm is illuminated with 633-nm laser light? Assume normal incidence.   

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67#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two (and only two) full spectral or-2cldio x0. k4 6n* otugiga-,dbcm;o ders can be seen on either side of the central ma; uagki2,l0d o6ob igno4cc t--x*.dmximum when white light is sent through a diffraction grating. What is the maximum number of lines per cm for the grating?    $ \times10^{ 3}\;lines/cm$

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68#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  White light containing wavelengths from +6 rshbo+5x,: luarp)hy cp(u410 nm to 750 nm falls on a grating withaprl: hc56ho xr (usu ),yb+p+ $8500\;lines/cm$ How wide is the first-order spectrum on a screen 2.30 m away?    m

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69#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A He-Ne gas laser which produces monochromatic light of a kjy lh gj kz4d7/nu+2s.buy x93nown wavelength $\lambda\;=\;6.328\times10^{-7 }\;m$ is used to calibrate a reflection grating in a spectroscope. The first-order diffraction line is found at an angle of 21.5$^{\circ}\,$ to the incident beam. How many lines per meter are there on the grating?    $ \times10^{ 5}\;lines/m$

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70#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two first-order spectrum lines are measured r lg lvi;8*cjuu2a z1h9b4 l.eby a $9500-line/cm$ spectroscope at angles, on each side of center, of +26$^{\circ}\,$ 38$^\prime$,+41$^{\circ}\,$ 08$^\prime$ and -26$^{\circ}\,$48$^\prime$,-41$^{\circ}\,$ 19$^\prime$. What are the wavelengths?
$\lambda_{26.72^{\circ}}\;=\;$    nm
$\lambda_{41.23^{\circ}}\;=\;$    nm

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71#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If a soap bubble is 120 nm thick, what wavelength is most strongly re6 21ddcl-1 0igzo(. zkwudtcvflected at the center of the outer surface when illuminated normall0z d 61(-2wzol.cutdi d 1ckvgy by white light? Assume that $n\;=\;1.34$. $\lambda$ =    nm ,which is an    -  

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72#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How far apart are the dark fringes in Example 24mb 8cv6qcf 9bzrzq q )q;:s5u8–8 if the glass plates are each 26.5 cm long?cfrzqc)569q8qu: mbbqs 8v z;    cm

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73#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the smallest thickness of a soap filf q1q-w2gy( / u1hxnta) 1yq+/f gxioam $(n\;=\;1.42)$ that would appear black if illuminated with 480-nm light? Assume there is air on both sides of the soap film. $t_min$    nm

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74#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A lens appears greenish yello0mwm 2/+rwrjnfe w+: yq-m 3l0xqk4 mmw ($\lambda\;=\;570\;mm$ is strongest) when white light reflects from it. What minimum thickness of coating $(n=1.25)$ do you think is used on such a glass $(n=1.52)$ lens, and why? $t_{min}$    nm

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75#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A total of 31 bright and 31 dark Newton’s rings (not counting the dark spot at tx0+z4(/mi5zs,bw k bq t3cfi ehe center) are observed when 550-nm light falls normally on a planoconvex lens resting on a flat glass surface (Fig. 24–31). How much thicker is the center than the+bbxf zztq0(5ii c /k,3wmes 4 edges?    $\mu m$


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76#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fine metal foil separates one end of two pieces o p*mr42d)m nvcf optically flat glass, as in Fig. 24–33. When light of wavelength 670 nm is incident normally, 28 dark lines are observed (with one at each end). How thick is *cmm 2ndrp)4 vthe foil?    $\mu m$


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77#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How thick (minimum) should the air layer be between two flat glass surfaces i *.z kj.asukkpb,/up; f the glass is to appear ,j.pz bp.usau k/*kk;bright when 450-nm light is incident normally?    nm
What if the glass is to appear dark?    nm

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78#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  vA piece of material, suspected of being a stolen di7 o9wd c,pd+tvnb a35hamond $(n=2.42)$ is submerged in oil of refractive index 1.43 and illuminated by unpolarized light. It is found that the reflected light is completely polarized at an angle of 59$^{\circ}\,$. Is it diamond? 

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79#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A thin film of alcohol m+10oa/yrws7+z kocr$(n=1.36)$ lies on a flat glass plate $(n=1.51)$. When monochromatic light, whose wavelength can be changed, is incident normally, the reflected light is a minimum for $\lambda\;=\;512\;nm$ and a maximum for $\lambda\;=\;640\;nm$ What is the minimum thickness of the film?    nm

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80#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When a Newton’s ring appawtnzs*v(xng8q:k69a , ilou;ratus (Fig. 24–31) is immersed in a liquid, the diameter of the eighth dark ring decreases from 2.92 cm q(nv,*aizg8ku t 6on;ws: 9l xto 2.48 cm. What is the refractive index of the liquid?   


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81#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the wavelength of the light entering an(,l,7h w8t+p otls mqfw7 dso, interferometer if 644 bright fringes are counted when the movable mirrord t,t,ps( + ofw ,8s7qmlwo7hl moves 0.225 mm?    nm

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82#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A micrometer is connected to the movable mirror of an iepma9l ,ex: c*nterferometer. When the micrometer is tightened down onxep*a9ce,l :m a thin metal foil, the net number of bright fringes that move, compared to the empty micrometer, is 272. What is the thickness of the foil? The wavelength of light used is 589 nm.    $\mu m$

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83#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How far must the mirror m d+j/ 4*e(abl-iaks7hr k)pb$M_1$ in a Michelson interferometer be moved if 850 fringes of 589-nm light are to pass by a reference line?    mm

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84#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the beams of an interferometer (kgtw-( c+zq;pFig. 24–59) passes through a small glass container containing a cavity 1.30 cm deep. When a gas is allowed to slowly fill the +-k wgz(;pqct container, a total of 236 dark fringes are counted to move past a reference line. The light used has a wavelength of 610 nm. Calculate the index of refraction of the gas, assuming that the interferometer is in vacuum. $n_{gas}$

  


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85#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two polarizers are orien+cz6or,k;w 1vby.2 ysa m:dig ted at 65$^{\circ}\,$ to one another. Unpolarized light falls on them. What fraction of the light intensity is transmitted?   

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86#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is Brewster’s angl38a w dllav*6ve for an air–glass $(n=1.52)$ surface? $\theta_{p}$    $^{\circ}\,$

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87#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is Brewster’s angle for a diamond submerged in waterfkz* hr, ; ) mtbz5qx-k3b) p1pos0ghh if the light is hitting the dis31)th0*ofx p,);zb -rb5g mqzh khkp amond $(n=2.42)$ while traveling in the water? $\theta_{p}$    $^{\circ}\,$

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88#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two Polaroids are aligned so that the light passing through them isq +i(,uu *hqqt a maximum. At what angle utu, +hqqiq (*should one of them be placed so that the intensity is subsequently reduced by half?    $^{\circ}\,$

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89#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what angle should the axes of two Polaroids be p+/ noa5:uojurlaced so as to reduce the intensity of the incident unpolarized light jo5u/:ar+ onuto
(a) $\frac{1}{3}$ ,    $^{\circ}\,$
(b) $\frac{1}{10}$ ?    $^{\circ}\,$

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90#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two polarizers are oriented ah xh4klz4-n.qg- x8o tt 40$^{\circ}\,$ to each other and plane-polarized light is incident on them. If only 15% of the light gets through both of them, what was the initial polarization direction of the incident light?    $^{\circ}\,$

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91#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two polarizers are orientezy:.r(0thu q yd at 38.0$^{\circ}\,$ to one another. Light polarized at a 19.0$^{\circ}\,$ angle to each polarizer passes through both. What percent reduction in intensity takes place?    %

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92#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What would Brewster’s angle be for reflections off the19+gvrg0sfp: *v tmvk)w;g vo surface of water for light coming from beneath the surface? Compare to the angle for total internalv;f)vg g0w*k: r1+mv gso9vpt reflection, and to Brewster’s angle from above the surface.
If the light is coming from water to air, $\theta_{p}$    $^{\circ}\,$For the refraction at the critical angle from water to air $\theta_c$   $^{\circ}$ If the light is coming from air to water $\theta_p'$   $^{\circ}$

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93#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Unpolarized light passes through five successivrg 0)c g-x(jgki 8o9ri2qg)nae Polaroid sheets, each of whose axio)90g( )k2a-cjr qi 8rggni xgs makes a 45$^{\circ}\,$ angle with the previous one. What is the intensity of the transmitted beam?    $I_0$

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94#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Light of wavelength d692,js w 8fdeg;t mwh$ 5.0\times10^{7 }\;m$ passes through two parallel slits and falls on a screen 4.0 m away. Adjacent bright bands of the interference pattern are 2.0 cm apart.
(a) Find the distance between the slits.    mm
(b) The same two slits are next illuminated by light of a different wavelength, and the fifth-order minimum for this light occurs at the same point on the screen as the fourth-order minimum for the previous light. What is the wavelength of the second source of light? $\lambda_2$    $ \times10^{-7 }\;m$

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95#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Television and radio waves reflecting from mountainuvw/m m)nifb xz1+b2+ k 3l3ocs or airplanes can interfere with the direct signal +b 1)f+3nmwv2 lxziu3co mkb/ from the station.
(a) What kind of interference will occur when 75-MHz television signals arrive at a receiver directly from a distant station, and are reflected from a nearby airplane 118 m directly above the receiver? Assume $\frac{1}{2}\;\lambda$ change in phase of the signal upon reflection.  
(b) What kind of interference will occur if the plane is 22 m closer to the receiver?  

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96#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Red light from three separate sources passes through a diffrag/j:fux ;xzbw o*g2dhz44e5action grating with /g:j4h ; xedoa*52uwzxz fb4g$ 3.00\times10^{5 }\;lines/m.$ The wavelengths of the three lines are $ 6.56\times10^{-7 }\;m$ (hydrogen), $ 6.50\times10^{ -7}\;m$ (neon), and $6.97 \times10^{ -7}\;m$ (argon). Calculate the angles for the first-order diffraction lines of each of these sources. $\theta_{h}$    $^{\circ}\,$ $\theta_{n}$    $^{\circ}\,$ $\theta_{a}$    $^{\circ}\,$

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97#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Light of wavelength 590 nm passes through two narrow slits 0.60 mm c 6jnsz-xdej5:87mnp apart. The screen is 1.70 m away. A second source of unknown wavelength prc js:7nm6z- jexpd5n 8oduces its second-order fringe 1.33 mm closer to the central maximum than the 590-nm light. What is the wavelength of the unknown light? $\lambda_2$    nm

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98#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
A radio station operating at 102.1 MHz broadca2(dr fl(i,tob ,yf zw.sts from two identical antennae at the same elevation but separated by an 8.0-m horizontal distance d, Figt,fb(o z.r2ydf ,il (w. 24–60. A maximum signal is found along the midline, perpendicular to d at its midpoint and extending horizontally in both directions. If the midline is taken as 0$^{\circ}\,$, at what other angle(s) $\theta$ is a maximum signal detected? A minimum signal? Assume all measurements are made much farther than 8.0 m from the antenna towers.

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99#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A teacher stands wella+tbaaakr;; v8h vp15eva * b: back from an outside doorway 0.88 m wide, and blows a whistle of frequency 750 Hz. Ignoring reflections, estimate at what angle(s) it is not possible to hear ther8 a+b5 p:eaa aav*h1;;v kvtb whistle clearly on the playground outside the doorway.    $^{\circ}\,$ either side of the normal.

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100#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
If parallel light fal20js4rems kg(d tq;s8 ls on a single slit of width D at a 30$^{\circ}\,$ angle to the normal, describe the diffraction pattern.
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101#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The wings of a certain beetle have a series of parallf2fh 7bc9 x8uurkzy1w x6*8k eel lines across them. When normally incident 460-nm light is refu*8xk1x 9zhcyuff6 2e7 8kbwrlected from the wing, the wing appears bright when viewed at an angle of 51$^{\circ}\,$. How far apart are the lines?    nm

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102#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many lines per centimeter must a grating have if ther8dqu w(- a8h-vnbppy:4z/loo e is to be no second-order spectrum for anpqp8- 8zo /vb:u(ly-do hna4w y visible wavelength?   $ lines/cm$

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103#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Show that the second- and third-order spectra of white light produced by a difftvbg/ 306 lfburactiouf0v6b 3tbgl/n grating always overlap. What wavelengths overlap exactly?
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104#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When yellow sodium li8 kgc2(fs*xm f bl:)zzght, $\lambda\;=\;$ falls on a diffraction grating, its first-order peak on a screen 60.0 cm away falls 3.32 cm from the central peak. Another source produces a line 3.71 cm from the central peak. What is the wavelength of the new source? How many $lines/cm$ are on the grating?
   nm
  $ lines/cm$

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105#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Light is incident on a diffraction grating with and the patte ;;tdo+qz ax8w4ve j9orn is viewed on a screen 2.5 m from the grating. The incident light beam consists of two wavelengttv+ owex q4ad ;o89;zjhs, $\lambda_1\;=\; 4.6\times10^{ -7}\;m$ and $\lambda_2\;=\; 6.5\times10^{ -7}\;m$. Calculate the linear distance between the first-order bright fringes of these two wavelengths on the screen.    m

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106#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
What is the index of refraction of + +ddao7fp.jj a clear material if a minimum of 150 nm thickness of it, when laid on glass, is needed to reduce reflection to nearly zero when light of 600 nm is incident normally upon it? Do you have a choice for an an+7.ojdajpf+d swer?
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107#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Monochromatic light of variable wavelength is incident normally on a thi 8c mr/mq: (5.b,rhe4stk zyvz.jd2q fn sheet of plastic film in air. The reflectr, t bd4q (h.rskymf.e m:82zvqczj /5ed light is a minimum only for $\lambda\;=\;512nm$ and $\lambda\;=\;640nm$ in the visible spectrum. What is the thickness of the film $(n=1.58)$? [Hint: Assume successive values of m.]    nm

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108#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Compare the minimum thickness needed for an anti-refledr,r0khf hf -;sp4:r nctive coating $(n=1.38)$ applied to a glass lens in order to eliminate
(a) blue (450 nm),    nm
(b) red (700 nm) reflections for light at normal incidence.    nm

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109#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the minimum (non-zero) thickness for the air layer between tmtocy-4dxe7 z- c, nv-twb02two flat glass surfaces if 2 0td-ctz,nmvx4w-eyb7 t- oc the glass is to appear dark when 640-nm light is incident normally?    nm
What if the glass is to appear bright?    nm

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110#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Suppose you viewed the light transmittedkhr sz4dg .c4 cszfb10rj9z /co ,nh3- through a thin film layered on a flat piece of glasscrg4c- h.cs f/zbr104o kzjsnhd3 9,z. Draw a diagram, similar to Fig. 24–30 or 24–36, and describe the conditions required for maxima and minima. Consider all possible values of index of refraction. Discuss the relative size of the minima compared to the maxima and to zero.
24-30
24-36
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111#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what angle above uzi82 r;luvn5 the horizon is the Sun when light reflecting off a smooth lake is polarized m2u5vz8rlui;n ost strongly?    $^{\circ}\,$

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112#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what angle should the axes of two Polaroids be placed so as to r4tpp7,ox+1n vfjlr. c+ei m1teduce the intensity of the incidentvf4c.j17xntpm1+ r tp +,eo il unpolarized light by an additional factor (after the first Polaroid cuts it in half) of
(a) 4,    $^{\circ}\,$
(b) 10,    $^{\circ}\,$
(c) 100?    $^{\circ}\,$

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113#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Unpolarized light falls on two pola5 og 7e7xfyeb9vt(u .rrizer sheets whose transmission axes are at right angles. A third polarizer is placed bety5.revf9tbe xu7(7goween the first two so that its axis makes a 62$^{\circ}\,$ angle with the axis of the first polarizer.
(a) What fraction of the incident light intensity is transmitted?    $I_0$
(b) What if the third polarizer is in front of the other two?

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114#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Four polarizers are placed in successiou2vzde1-+ w,dzgu *c dn with their axes vertical, at 30$^{\circ}\,$ to the vertical, at 60$^{\circ}\,$ to the vertical, and at 90° to the vertical.
(a) Calculate what fraction of the incident unpolarized light is transmitted by the four polarizers.
(b) Can the transmitted light be decreased by removing one of the polarizers? If so, which one?
(c) Can the transmitted light intensity be extinguished by removing polarizers? If so, which one(s)?
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115#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A laser beam passes through a slit of width 1.0 cm and is pointhaqocip1c8,ulqez 6 . (3jpr ,ed at the Moon, which is approximately 380,000 km from the Earth. Assume the laser emits waves of wavelength 63 rp (c8.jiq,16z qelh pc,a3uo0 nm (the red light of a He-Ne laser). Estimate the width of the beam when it reaches the Moon.    km

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116#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A series of polarizers are each fboni r uz:;a5 4k*ji ammgm;.0+ix t3placed at a 10$^{\circ}\,$ interval from the previous polarizer. Unpolarized light is incident on this series of polarizers. How many polarizers does the light have to go through before it is $\frac{1}{4}$ of its original intensity?   

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117#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A thin film of soap 9 eh9ut/*hu hz$(n=1.34)$ coats a piece of flat glass $(n=1.52)$ .How thick is the film if it reflects 643-nm red light most strongly when illuminated normally by white light?    nm

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118#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two antennas radiating 6.0-MHz radio waves in pj6lrd *(+hskt*x y4 hthase with each other. They are located at poihsh *dlt(y +k *4txrj6nts $S_1$ and $S_2$, separated by a distance $d\;=\;175m$, Fig. 24–61. What are the first three points on the y axis where there will be destructive interference? (Destructive interference in this case means that a radio receiver placed at that point would pick up no signal).    m    m    m


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119#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A parallel beam of light containing two wavelengths,c4ba-bitb7-sg.h7)ztd 4 df66d.w b mh)cd xd 420 nm and 650 nm, enters a silicate flint glass equidbc 7s6.)b-icttxd .z ) h4hd6g7wbfam dd-b4 lateral prism (Fig. 24–58).
(a) What is the angle between the two beams leaving the prism?    $^{\circ}\,$
(b) Repeat part (a) for a diffraction grating with    $^{\circ}\,$



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120#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Lucite planoconvex lens has one flat surface and oxi2 kwlr 9x p+khz+u;(ne with $R\;=\;18.4\,cm$ It is used to view an object, located 66.0 cm away from the lens, which is a mixture of red and yellow. The index of refraction of the Lucite is 1.5106 for red light and 1.5226 for yellow light. What are the locations of the red and yellow images formed by the lens? [Hint: See Section 23–10.]
$d_{i-red}$    cm
$d_{i-yellow}$    cm

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