State which of the fohom(uq g-b**mvige l, 1t.7vnllowing is not an ozone-depleting substance (ODS).

  State which factor has noiitg2819rsv zb* ;mu et caused a mass extinction in the past.

  Identify which of the followik8e3 5odg:o9blxey*c dqr*- dng is not true about stratospheric ozone.

  Determine which of the following greenhouse gases i7lfyos 34fq;y s correctly paired with its sourceofqf7y4 ;y3ls .

  State which is not true regardwvet*m20d m8.i-xr hqut i5 x, 0zpt1oing greenhouse gases.

  List the main greenhouse gw f5o 9rmstj-1,l tky q;nk(5aases.

  Figure: Variations in ozone hole area sixuot66;g s/py nce 1979


Describe the trends seen in the graph
I.
The mean and maximum ozone hole area start to increase from 1979.
II.
The mean ozone hole area reached a maximum somewhere between 2000 and 2010.
III.
There is a downward trend from 2015 to the present for the mean ozone hole area.
.

  Figure: Variations in ozone hole area sincef 9smw83ra1rqzv ;ud;z ,:((pcmv hfw 1979


Deduce why is there a downward trend in the area of the ozone hole in recent years.

  Outline how the depletion of stratospheric ozone can wtao+1 -wosf ga ;x4c8impact living systems.

  Determine to which level of pollution management strap/jr0k n303nqz6gcoq7(3rqc l up2 hgtegy each of the below strategies belorg3u kqgr c07qncpq6(np3l3 /2j h0 ozngs.
I.
Passing legislation that regulates the amount of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) that are released into the environment.
II.
Developing technologies that will allow for the elimination of ODS from the ozone layer.
III.
Passing legislation that prohibits the use of ODS and requires the use of their alternatives.

  Describe ozone-depleting substances (ODS) and their ef b z-iv,79)9g6sslshewg*vd(lpbd 9m fects.
I.
Ozone-depleting substances include halogenated gases like CFCs, used as propellants in aerosols and coolants for refrigerators.
II.
The ODS reach the stratosphere and release the halogens they carry. This disrupts the normal equilibrium of ozone formation and destruction, causing a decline in ozone.
III.
The stratosphere can no longer absorb enough of the UV radiation, causing the rays to reach the surface of the Earth, harming the organisms, causing eye problems and skin cancer.

  Identify the most successful action in combatt3:k k,h)syvqb(11 zlm wurvq+ing the decrease in the concentration of stratospheric ozkhy v )1+,qq wzkbs3: (r1mlvuone.

  Depletion of stratosphln70 ooxa*3 vneric ozone has affected life on Earth in many ways.
Identify which of the following is not the result of depletion of stratospheric ozone.

  Figure: ODS Emissions from 1961 to 2014 gl:dhgn *zs1+)8ujc-kzs-p o


Outline whether the Montreal Protocol has been successful in achieving its aims.

  Figure: Ozone concentration at difqff x)flroei ink6v w(y8m78))5vg9j)f u+rfferent altitudes


Identify the option that does not correctly describe stratospheric and tropospheric ozone.

  Figure: Stratospheric ozone concentration from 19vu u7.q uj3i/y60 to 2100

Explain the reason behind the delayed effect in ozone reformation seen in the Figure, considering that the Montreal Protocol took effect in 1989.