State which of the followix2a*kh;cmw5 47my bvj9 1s 9m/myryahng is not an ozone-depleting substance (ODS).

  State which factor has not cau3n5) ,v gv0utci.lrgc sed a mass extinction in the past.

  Identify which of the following is not true abdp(cv tf 6csk+8-co; vout stratospheric ozone.

  Determine which of the following greenhouse gases is cdi -xur5zco1x 4qp 4;worrectly paired with its sourpuiwo q4rc4- xx15 zd;ce.

  State which is not true regarr9hmv5 d(jvi6 ding greenhouse gases.

  List the main greenhf ;efn(5due v2ouse gases.

  Figure: Variations in oza ,juz.:zlm;f3cu4wd/ti2v e one hole area since 1979


Describe the trends seen in the graph
I.
The mean and maximum ozone hole area start to increase from 1979.
II.
The mean ozone hole area reached a maximum somewhere between 2000 and 2010.
III.
There is a downward trend from 2015 to the present for the mean ozone hole area.
.

  Figure: Variations in ozone hole area since 1.p*f l.n)s:tp cvbki1+w ngr.979


Deduce why is there a downward trend in the area of the ozone hole in recent years.

  Outline how the depletion of stratospheric ozone can impact living sf*rbj(96ou 4w;edqba8 h je( vystems.

  Determine to which level of pollution management strategy each of the below s2c(ivmy8. kb/vvxoa - mqey;6 trategies belongqcm v- ayv i(mv.e2/;koby6 8xs.
I.
Passing legislation that regulates the amount of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) that are released into the environment.
II.
Developing technologies that will allow for the elimination of ODS from the ozone layer.
III.
Passing legislation that prohibits the use of ODS and requires the use of their alternatives.

  Describe ozone-depleting substances (OD,ghiay1(f (s*dne3g hS) and their effects.
I.
Ozone-depleting substances include halogenated gases like CFCs, used as propellants in aerosols and coolants for refrigerators.
II.
The ODS reach the stratosphere and release the halogens they carry. This disrupts the normal equilibrium of ozone formation and destruction, causing a decline in ozone.
III.
The stratosphere can no longer absorb enough of the UV radiation, causing the rays to reach the surface of the Earth, harming the organisms, causing eye problems and skin cancer.

  Identify the most successful action in combattinn9 eish /vof6rct1 .vw8t3ja pl97r f8g the decrease in the concentration of strac/v janvhf9o t8s1pfwe3i l.r 68 7t9rtospheric ozone.

  Depletion of stratospheric ozone has affected life on Ep7al -tiac m5stp112,gdtnbu 1usv8 9 arth in many ways.
Identify which of the following is not the result of depletion of stratospheric ozone.

  Figure: ODS Emissions from 1m p0bc;u2 d.r+vkuz. i961 to 2014


Outline whether the Montreal Protocol has been successful in achieving its aims.

  Figure: Ozone concentration at different alti)x2xk(rapr, svhlx(7 tudes


Identify the option that does not correctly describe stratospheric and tropospheric ozone.

  Figure: Stratospheric ozone o(nart-l+/mxgh;gt (concentration from 1960 to 2100

Explain the reason behind the delayed effect in ozone reformation seen in the Figure, considering that the Montreal Protocol took effect in 1989.