Why is the depth of field greater, and the imag jjw: 7fp r(vqfim.8)pe sharper, when a camera lens is “stopped down” to aw(v:jf8p mp.irf) 7j q larger f-number? Ignore diffraction.

Describe how diffraction affects the statetetew ;o:tr 58ment that the depth of field is greater and the image sharper when a camera lens is “stopped down” t tet85wteo:;r o a larger f-number.

Why must a camera lens be moved farther from the film to focus on a closer ob,e sajp6 r9hn4jec,eanpr6hs4 9j t?

Why are bifocals needed m::c f wde*ht3.zwel)eainly by older persons and not generally by younger people w ) de.*htw:fez3c:le?

  Will a nearsighted person who wears corrective lenses in her glasses r;zw;/yilhxg7ow. gx me;t(2 be able to see clearly ;gh.x ye;/m ltoi;7w2zrgw( xunderwater when wearing those glasses?  ----待选择----yesno Use a diagram to show why or why not.

You can tell whether a person is nearsighted or farsigh zizotj:fv e9+80mjjq( c;, xpted by looking at the width of the face through their glasses. If the person’s face appears narrower through the glasses (Fig. Below), is the ci:(+,mxz vz9efoqtj;p 8 j 0jperson farsighted or nearsighted?

In attempting to discern dis qketul .ci(qphpku643*0k7 atant details, people will sometimes squint. Why does thak6h*uue3tk(pkq cq.0 7 pil4is help?

Is the image formed on the5r5bve ( *zxwm retina of the human eye upright or inverted? Discuss the implications of this z(rxbvm* 5e 5wfor our perception of objects.

The human eye is much like a camera — yet, when a camera sh5a ;-: p 7f 3ie (madf1qhrxis-djb*seutter is left open and the ef:psx7isr aqimdf3(j *5d--ba;1 he camera is moved, the image will be blurred; but when you move your head with your eyes open, you still see clearly. Explain.

  Reading glasses use converging lenses. A simple magnifier is also a co u.:lf +f6znf0eklxgbb/0 ud0 nverging lens. Are reanf:ku . le6xffdzg 00bl +u0b/ding glasses therefore magnifiers? ----待选择----yesno  Discuss the similarities and differences between converging lenses as used for these two different purposes.

Inexpensive microscopes88p dz7p q0qn,dj)yrv for children’s use usually produce images that are colored at the edg0py 8pqz ,)j dn7dr8vqes. Why?

Spherical aberration in a miu kg)a6ya -8ie:ct+,r2xbythin lens is minimized if rays are bent equally by the two surfaces. If a planoconvex lens is used to form a real image of an object at infinity, which surface should faci6aetab x8 ygk-:2 cr,um+) yie the object? Use ray diagrams to show why.

Which aberrations present in a simple lens are not present (or are gr iz2r9v4v()cy7skyo/e wtf ot- ys9 ky,y yg.1eatly reduced) in the humwt.vsrs i g ( ky949-7yzyo)cyy2vk /,tyof1e an eye?

Explain why chromatic aberration occurs for thin lenses but not for mil 3r,6:c wjb6o 4potfb53uddkrrors.

  By what factor can you improve resolution, other things being equal, if you use ,0s q5.7ssavkm l;5q+ag ufzg1bfs v5 blue lightk +57 .za 1sgs5qq0v,l;mf5fsauv gs b ($\lambda=450mm$) rather than red (700 $nm$)?  

Give at least two advantp4.ot80k u4dpc 6 cxqpages for the use of large reflecting mirrors in astronomical telescope4.tcpucx4q60 k8odpp s.

Which color of visible light would give the c *abxi-2lj)soe 9k+mbest resolution in a microscope? Expsockib l )m+- x2*e9ajlain.

  Atoms have diametersv7fbyf7xl/92 9xjfp y of about $10^{-8}\,$cm$. Can visible light be used to “see” an atom? ----待选择----yesno  Explain.

  A 55-mm-focal-length lens has f-s rb,v1n2ep 3irtops ranging from $f/1.4$ to $f/22$. What is the corresponding range of lens diaphragm diameters?    $\mathrm{mm}\leq D\leq$    $\mathrm{mm}$

  A television camera lens hae ,7qy+ zgk.vcka) f8qs a 14-$cm$ focal length and a lens diameter of 6.0 $cm$. What is its $f$-number? $f$/  

  A light meter reportsz,mwvq 7jp/r 2yd 3lq7 that a camera setting of $\frac{1}{250}\,s$ at $f/5.6$ will give a correct exposure. But the photographer wishes to use $f/11$ to increase the depth of field. What should the shutter speed be?$t_2$ = 1/   s

  A properly exposed phbq uw j+)xpc-,otograph is taken at $f/16$ and $\frac{1}{60}\,s$ What lens opening would be required if the shutter speed were $\frac{1}{1000}\,s$? $f$/  

  If an $f$ = 135-mm telephoto lens is designed to cover object distances from 1.2 m to $\infty $, over what distance must the lens move relative to the plane of the film?    mm

  A 200-mm-focal-length lens can be adjusted so that it is 200.0 mm to 206.0 mm fr 4t8nefv cu /5.asl2oxom the film. For what range of object disnve5.8uftl a2 o4 c/sxtances can it be adjusted?    $\mathrm{m}\leq d_{\circ}\leq\infty$

  A nature photographer wishes to photograph a 28-mtall tree from a distancet 2yg2rn n5rsfz( ,sm7 of 58 m. What focal-len5yft n(sn rs2g27zmr,gth lens should be used if the image is to fill the 24-mm height of the film?    mm

A “pinhole” camera uses a tiny pinhole instmhif i5w, j,g)ead of a lens. Show, using ray diagrams, how reasonably sharp images can be formed using such a pinhole camera. In particular, consider twhg f jw)i,,im5o point objects 2.0 $cm$ apart that are 1.0 m from a 1.0-mm-diameter pinhole. Show that on a piece of film 7.0 $cm$ behind the pinhole the two objects produce two separate circles that do not overlap.

  Suppose that a correct ex5 hoik+ hy,ea3posure is $\frac{1}{250}\,s$ at $f/11$ Under the same conditions, what exposure time would be needed for a pinhole camera (Problem 8) if the pinhole diameter is 1.0 mm and the film is 7.0 $cm$ from the hole? $t_2$ = 1/   s

  A human eyeball is about 2.06m(o v va,ooo x+n;r,7pkh-uk $cm$ long, and the pupil has a maximum diameter of about 8.0 mm. What is the “speed” of this lens? $ f-stop$ = f/  

  If the nearsighted person in h(ttbrld0 4 y,Example 25–6 wore contact lenses corrected for the far point y,t0td r4(bl h$(=\,\infty)$ show that the near point would be 41 $cm$. (Would glasses be better in this case?) glasses would be  ----待选择----betterworse 

  Reading glasses of what powerw ,g-q cy6 lg*-wmyn3k are needed for a person whose near point is 115 $cm$, so that he can read a computer screen at 55 $cm$? Assume a lens–eye distance of 1.8 $cm$.+    D

  A person has a far point vlw0*7. hcc 1xkxvk0j of 14 $cm$. What power glasses would correct this vision if the glasses were placed 2.0 $cm$ from the eye?    What power contact lenses, placed on the eye, would the person need?   

  A person struggles to read by holding a book at ;aflw;,,wcac*( x xp warm’s length, a distance of 45 $cm$ away (= near point). What power of reading glasses should be prescribed for him, assuming they will be placed 2.0 $cm$ from the eye and he wants to read at the normal near point of 25 $cm$? +    D

  A person’s left eye isf1q c7mj9xaum fbo6z 1:bg(oz-hp2d ) corrected by a $-3.50-diopter$ lens, 2.0 $cm$ from the eye.
(a) Is this person’s left eye near- or farsighted?  ----待选择----nearsightedfarsighted 
(b) What is this eye’s far point without glasses?    cm

  A person’s right eye can see objects clearly only if they are betweex5s(eq:u4g-ec fn ed *y d3k9jn 25 $cm$ and 75 $cm$ away.
(a) What power of contact lens is required so that objects far away are sharp? -    D
(b) What will be the near point with the lens in place?    cm

  About how much longer is the nearsighted eye in Exampley::8tk3l3 vub/ +3k zzifwequ*y po5s 25–6 than the 2.0 $cm$ of a normal eye?    cm

  One lens of a nearsighted person’s eyeglasses has a focal lengt ydn:vv6w3 pp: x.m1seh of $-22.0 \, cm$ and the lens is 1.8 $cm$ from the eye. If the person switches to contact lenses that are placed directly on the eye, what should be the focal length of the corresponding contact lens?    cm

  What is the focal length odc5q5p :ct 5vwf the eye–lens system when viewing an object
(a) at infinity,    cm
(b) 33 $cm$ from the eye? Assume that the lens–retina distance is 2.0 $cm$.   cm

  A nearsighted person has ) ojug7a,)awfakr8- 8ijwq7unear and far points of 10.0 and 20.0 $cm$, respectively. If she puts on contact lenses with power $P\,=\,-4.00D$, what are her new near and far points?
near point    cm
far point    cm

  What is the magnification of a lens used with a izf3bqj.* f-q,- a56uhr feeah.l5l krelaxed eye if its focal length is zhuj5l. *5a-f3iffh-q r be klaqe6.,12 $cm$? =    $\times$

  What is the focal length o5;f xpgq4 (yxhf a magnifying glass of $3.5\times$ magnification for a relaxed normal eye?    cm

  A magnifier is rated l/3mjvpk8l)o x8 x;kpat $2.5\times$for a normal eye focusing on an image at the near point.
(a) What is its focal length?    cm
(b) What is its focal length if the $2.5\times$ refers to a relaxed eye?    cm

  Sherlock Holmes is usizc.2 eo-j 7lpyng a 9.00-$cm$-focal-length lens as his magnifying glass. To obtain maximum magnification, where must the object be placed (assume a normal eye), and what will be the magnification?
$d_o$ =    cm from the lens
M =    $\times$

  A 3.30-mm-wide beetle is viewed with a 9.50- mm 0e.n84njud$cm$-focal-length lens. A normal eye views the image at its near point. Calculate
(a) the angular magnification, =    $\times$
(b) the width of the image,    mm
(c) the object distance from the lens.    cm from the lens

  A small insect is pl+ad pi(e0(3mw r:bykfaced 5.55 $cm$ from a $+6.00-$cm$-focal-length$ lens. Calculate
(a) the position of the image,    cm
(b) the angular magnification. =    $\times$

  A magnifying glass wipq4619c2r3lo y durnyth a focal length of 8.5 $cm$ is used to read print placed at a distance of 7.5 $cm$. Calculate
(a) the position of the image;    cm
(b) the angular magnification. =    $\times$

  A magnifying glass is ratedxfzw52 crdfubzmmf /2rxo-r m* g9*)1 at $3.0\times$ for a normal eye that is relaxed. What would be the magnification of this lens for a relaxed eye whose near point is
(a) 55 $cm$, =    $\times$
(b) 16 $cm$? Explain the differences. =    $\times$

  What is the magnificatiiptmn)k2.o 2l*y5s ap on of an astronomical telescope whose objective lens has a focal leng5l pamyn opks2.t*)i2th of 76 $cm$ and whose eyepiece has a focal length of 2.8 $cm$? What is the overall length of the telescope when adjusted for a relaxed eye?
M =    $\times$
L =    $\times$

  The overall magnification of an g ls fr;, w94qmjoxkc43x +9;9jwunewastronomical telescope is desired to be 25$\times$. If an objective of 78$-cm$ focal length is used,
what must be the focal length of the eyepiece? $f_e$ =    cm
What is the overall length of the telescope when adjusted for use by the relaxed eye? L =    cm

  An 8.0$\times$ binocular has 2.8$-$cm$-focal-length$ eyepieces. What is the focal length of the objective lenses?    cm

  An astronomical telescope has an objective with fs tq7)zptq0;a ocal length 85 $cm$ and a $+35-D$ eyepiece. What is the total magnification? =    $\times$

  An astronomical telescope has its 9vae zssm p8le1+0r.ctwo lenses spaced 75.2 $cm$ apart. If the objective lens has a focal length of 74.5 $cm$, what is the magnification of this telescope? Assume a relaxed eye. =    $\times$

  A Galilean telescope adjusted for v4hnqg,7n qy1 a relaxed eye is 32.8 $cm$ long. If the objective lens has a focal length of 36.0 $cm$, what is the magnification? =    $\times$

  What is the magnifying power of an astronomical telescope using a reflectpzzj uxp(1e 6 k dcp18n)-s6biing mirror whose radius of curvature is 6.0 z1)e61ikppun6cdb 8(sxpj -z $m$ and an eyepiece whose focal length is 3.2 $cm$? =    $\times$

  The Moon’s image appears to b 1nl +bgcw pq3df-ll30e magnified 120$\times$ by a reflecting astronomical telescope with an eyepiece having a focal length of 3.2 $cm$. What are the focal length and radius of curvature of the main (objective) mirror? M =    m r =    m

  A 170$\times$ astronomical telescope is adjusted for a relaxed eye when the two lenses are 1.25 m apart. What is the focal length of each lens?
$f_e$ =    mm
$f_o$ =    m

  A reflecting telescope (Fig. Below) has a radius obx dnkwh0 5g.)f curvature of 3.0 m for its objective xhwd 0bk.g)5nmirror and a radius of curvature of $-1.50m$ for its eyepiece mirror. If the distance between the two mirrors is 0.90 m, how far in front of the eyepiece should you place the photographic film to record the image of a star? $d_{2i}$ =    m

  A microscope uses an eyepiece with a focal le7 zfft6yp6 u6cngth of 1.40 $cm$. Using a normal eye with a final image at infinity, the tube length is 17.5 $cm$ and the focal length of the objective lens is 0.65 $cm$. What is the magnification of the microscope? =    $\times$

  A 620 $\times$ microscope uses a 0.40-$cm$-focal-length objective lens. If the tube length is 17.5 $cm$, what is the focal length of the eyepiece? Assume a normal eye and that the final image is at infinity. $f_e$ =    cm

  A 17-$cm$-long microscope has an eyepiece with a focal length of 2.5 $cm$ and an objective with a focal length of 0.28 $cm$. What is the approximate magnification?    $times$

  A microscope has a 12.m yh8*9 .gfgzbr/kqn )0$times$ eyepiece and a 59.0$times$ objective lens 20.0 $cm$ apart. Calculate
(a) the total magnification,    $times$
(b) the focal length of each lens, $f_e$ =    cm $f_o$ =    cm
(c) where the object must be for a normal relaxed eye to see it in focus. $d_o$ =    cm

  A microscope has a 1.rxxqrb:v,/b 9d,x9b c8-$cm$-focal-length eyepiece and a 0.80-$cm$ objective lens. Assuming a relaxed normal eye, calculate
(a) the position of the object if the distance between the lenses is 16.0 $cm$, $d_{oo}$ =    cm
(b) the total magnification.    $times$

  Repeat Problem 61 assuming that the final ih42jlnc n2k dp6h i7)xmage is located 25 $cm$ from the eyepiece (near point of a normal eye). $d_{oo}$ =    cm   $times$

  The eyepiece of a compound microscope has a focal length kl3yotk/tv ;x5w*nh* of 2.70 $cm$, and the objective lens has $f=0.740\mathrm{~cm}$. If an object is placed 0.790 $cm$ from the objective lens, calculate
(a) the distance between the lenses when the microscope is adjusted for a relaxed eye, $l$ =    cm
(b) the total magnification.    $\times$

  An achromatic lens is made of two very thin lenses, placed in contact, w+h,9d ssu qil4l :/mlthat have fm 4l/qlwh ,9+s:l iusdocal lengths of $f_1=-28\mathrm{~cm}$ and $f_2=+23\mathrm{~$cm$}.$
(a) Is the combination converging or diverging?  ----待选择----convergingdiverging 
(b) What is the net focal length?    m

  Let’s examine spherical aberration in a particular situationn hg1f;t fikp0b p;sjx/u72/o . A planoconvex lens of index of refracti17pt ;uxk/of;ihjbp0g/ 2fn son 1.50 and radius of curvature $R=12.0\mathrm{~$cm$}$ is shown in (Fig. Below). Consider an incoming ray parallel to the principal axis and a height h above it as shown. Determine the distance d, from the flat face of the lens, to where this ray crosses the principal axis if
(a) $h=1.0\mathrm{~$cm$},$ $d_1$ =    cm
(b) $h=6.0\mathrm{~$cm$},$ $d_2$ =    cm
(c) How far apart are these “focal points”? $\Delta d$ =    cm
(d) What is the radius of the “circle of least confusion” produced by the $h=6.0-\mathrm{~$cm$},$ ray at the “focal point” for $h=1.0\mathrm{~$cm$},$? r =    cm

  What is the angular resolution limit (degrees) set u6a+f ykk .s9kby diffraction for the 100-in. (254u .kys6afkk+ 9-$cm$ mirror diameter) Mt. Wilson telescope ($\lambda=550\mathrm{~nm}$)?   $ \times10^{ -5}\;^{\circ}$

  Suppose that you wish jx; c508jm pqhto construct a telescope that can resolve features 7.0 $km$ across on the Moon, 384,000 $km$ away. You have a 2.0-$m$-focal-length objective lens whose diameter is 11.0 $cm$.
What focal-length eyepiece is needed if your eye can resolve objects 0.10 $mm$ apart at a distance of 25 $cm$? $f_e$ =    cm
What is the resolution limit (radians) set by the size of the objective lens (that is, by diffraction)?
Use $\lambda=550\mathrm{~nm.}$ $\theta$   $ \times10^{ -6}\;rad$

  The normal lens on a;594ws*5qa ::fi uzxwogc aju 35-mm camera has a focal length of 50.0 $mm$. Its aperture diameter varies from a maximum of 25 $mm$ $(f/2)$ to a minimum of 3.0 mm $(f/16)$. Determine the resolution limit set by diffraction for $f/2$ and $f/16$. Specify as the number of lines per millimeter resolved on the film. Take $\lambda=550\mathrm{~nm.}$
For $\frac{f}{2}$ we have $\frac{1}{RP_2}$ =    lines/mm
For $\frac{f}{16}$ we have $\frac{1}{RP_2}$ =    lines/mm

  Two stars 15 light-years away are barely res9qj*u1 * +xlypyp i ze6i6:csfolved by a 55-$cm$ (mirror diameter) telescope. How far apart are the stars? Assume $\lambda=550\mathrm{~nm.}$ and that the resolution is limited by diffraction.   $ \times10^{11 }\;m$

  (a) How far away can a human eye d8 kgtg 6b3f+v3o.ji zdistinguish two car headlights 2.0 $m$ apart? Consider only diffraction effects and assume an eye pupil diameter of 5.0 $mm$ and a wavelength of 550 $nm$.
L =    km
(b) What is the minimum angular separation an eye could resolve when viewing two stars, considering only diffraction effects? In reality, it is about of arc. Why is it not equal to your answer in (b)? $\theta$ =    $\times 10^{-3}$ $^{\circ}$

  The Earth and Moon a qd04vvx6i * v*dftcatgv; y57;ajxp+re separated by about $400\times10^6\mathrm{~m.}$ When Mars is $8\times10^{10}\mathrm{~m}$ from Earth, could a person standing on Mars resolve the Earth and its Moon as two separate objects without a telescope? Assume a pupil diameter of 5 $mm$ and $\lambda=550\mathrm{~nm}.$  ----待选择----yesno 

  X-rays of wavelength 0.133 nm fall on a crystal whose atoms, lyinge4 x00x5asdwat (;idc in planes, are spa0 at4isw ecd(xxd5a0; ced 0.280 $nm$ apart. At what angle \phi (relative to the surface, Fig. Below) must the X-rays be directed if the first diffraction maximum is to be observed? $\phi $ =    $^{\circ}\,$

  X-rays of wavelength 0.0973 nm are di*izt kf vs42;orected at an unknown crystal. The second diffraction maz;s*2vtki fo4 ximum is recorded when the X-rays are directed at an angle of $\mathrm{23.4°}$ relative to the crystal surface. What is the spacing between crystal planes? d =    nm

  First-order Bragg diffraeyrb k7;aowsuu**6jag ek 59;ction is observed at $\mathrm{25.2°}$ related to the crystal surface, with spacing between atoms of 0.24 $nm$.
(a) At what angle will second order be observed? $\phi_2 $=    $^{\circ}\,$
(b) What is the wavelength of the X-rays? $\lambda $ =    nm

  (a) Suppose for a conventionayk1vgt)sr )5ln ft+j9 l X-ray image that the X-ray beam consists of parallel rays. What would be the magnification of the image? a the magsr v yt f)lg1nt+)j9k5nification is   
(b) Suppose, instead, the X-rays come from a point source (as in Fig. Below) that is 15 $cm$ in front of a human body 25 $cm$ thick, and the film is pressed against the person’s back. Determine and discuss the range of magnifications that results. $m_1$ =    the magnification is  

  Sam purchases $+3.50-diopter$ eyeglasses which correct his faulty vision to put his near point at 25 $cm$. (Assume he wears the lenses 2.0 $cm$ from his eyes.)
(a) Calculate the focal length of Sam’s glasses.    cm
(b) Calculate Sam’s near point without glasses. his near point is    cm
(c) Pam, who has normal eyes with near point at 25 $cm$, puts on Sam’s glasses. Calculate Pam’s near point with Sam’s glasses on.    cm from her eyes

  As early morning passed toward midday, and the sunlight got;tf*, +zfpdlc more intense, a photographer noted that, if she kept her shutter speed constant, she had +ztf;cp,d* flto change the $f$-number from $f/5.6$ to $f/22$. By what factor had the sunlight intensity increased during that time? $I_2$ =    $I_1$

Show that for objects very far away (assume infinity), the magnific1mabn:p-xw8; dpf +hmh36ebeation of a camera lens is proportional to its focal length.mxmhpa 81 w;6d-n e3+bhbpf:e

  For a camera equipped with a 51o 8lxgq*bmz 5-n,x ghbiod ;40-$mm$-focal-length lens, what is the object distance if the image height equals the object height? How far is the object from the film?
$d_o$ =    mm
d =    mm

  A woman can see clearly with her right eye only when objects aru* )7jwf zcx;5cch( 1gaxk4z 9pjjn1me between 45 $cm$ and 155 $cm$ away. Prescription bifocals should have what powers so that she can see distant objects clearly (upper part) and be able to read a book 25 $cm$ away (lower part) with her right eye? Assume that the glasses will be 2.0 $cm$ from the eye.
$P_1$ =    D(upper part)
$P_2$ =    D(lower part)

  A child has a near point of 17-j)bspb1+t ivve-h rhw. cm8 5 $cm$. What is the maximum magnification the child can obtain using an 8.0-$cm$-focal-length magnifier? What magnification can a normal eye obtain with the same lens? Which person sees more detail?
$M_1$ =    $\times$
$M_2$ =    $\times$

  What is the magnifying power oy8 rs,dy t2*0kaohfo 9f a $+4.0-D$ lens used as a magnifier? Assume a relaxed normal eye. $M$ =    $\times$

  A physicist lost in the mixh5a,h:mocg.. 2* tagd rc0yountains tries to make a telescope using the lenses from his reading glasses,i .a:dt. 02 cox5grg*cayh hm. They have powers of $+2.0-D$ and $+4.0-D$, respectively.
(a) What maximum magnification telescope is possible? $M$ =    $\times$
(b) Which lens should be used as the eyepiece?    D

  A 50-year-old man usec1nyi- ;y/ bris $+2.5-diopter$ lenses to read a newspaper 25 $cm$ away. Ten years later, he must hold the paper 35 $cm$ away to see clearly with the same lenses. What power lenses does he need now in order to hold the paper 25 $cm$ away? (Distances are measured from the lens.) $P_2$ = +    D

  Spy planes fly at extremely hijv9:h ixlrfzn3zn9u74b.b : 2pl9 znzgh altitudes (25 $km$) to avoid interception. Their cameras are reportedly able to discern features as small as 5 $cm$. What must be the minimum aperture of the camera lens to afford this resolution? (Use $\lambda=550\mathrm{~nm}.$)D =    cm

When shooting pictures at very shortvb4kgqc8 75e:xvp c ;a distances, exposure times must be increased because of the increx8 gpek7 c;vv45abc:qased distance of the lens from the film for a focused image.
(a) Show that when the object is so close to the camera that the image height equals the object height, the exposure time must be four times longer (or 2 f-stops) than when the object is a long distance away (say, $$\infty), given the same illumination and f-stop.
(b) Show that if $d_o$ is at least four or five times the focal length f of the lens, the exposure time is increased by less than half an f-stop relative to the same object being a great distance away.

  The objective lens and the eyepiece of a telesm)4f a:d)v: c,hst i0pw0 ffcwcope are spaced 85 $cm$ apart. If the eyepiece is $+23$ diopters, what is the total magnification of the telescope? $M$ =    $\times$

  The Hubble Space Telescope, with an objective diameter of 2.4 m, is viqyvp6on 0u-e0ewing the Moon. Estimate the minimum distance between two objects on the Moon that the Hubble can distinguish0pveq0 yuon-6. Consider diffraction of light of wavelength 550 nm. Assume the Hubble is near the Earth.    m

  Two converging lenses, one wi1d9a 4tcyc ucxa; e2z;th $f=4.0\mathrm{~cm}$ and the other with $f=44\mathrm{~cm}$ are made into a telescope.
(a) What are the length and magnification? Which lens should be the eyepiece?
The distance between the two lenses is   cm
M =    $\times $
f =    cm
(b) Assume these lenses are now combined to make a microscope; if the magnification needs to be $25\times,$ how long would the microscope be?    cm

  An astronomical telescope has a magnification of 8.0. If the t,es /tltk:h/c1 rjqs7 wo lenses are 28 $cm$ apart, determine the focal length of each lens.
The focal length of the eyepiece lens is    cm
The focal length of the objective lens is    cm

  You want to design a spy satellite to photograph licen 9, yrork gyz tfi5nxz,8r;s91se plate numbers. Assuming it is necessary to resolve points sf tz9o,zrikxy,; 81g 5r nrys9eparated by 5 $cm$ with 550-$nm$ light, and that the satellite orbits at a height of 130 $km$, what minimum lens aperture (diameter) is required? D =    m

  A Lucite planoconvex lens (Fig. Below) has one flat surface and the other, *c,h wfnx(riumop3nj5u 3fbtf 9)u4 has $R=18.4\mathrm{~cm}.$ This lens is used to view an object, located 66.0 $cm$ away from the lens, which is a mixture of red and yellow. The index of refraction of the glass is 1.5106 for red light and 1.5226 for yellow light. What are the locations of the red and yellow images formed by the lens? $d_{i\,red}$ =    cm
$d_{i\,orange}$ =    cm